Vasculature-driven stem cell population coordinates tissue scaling in dynamic organs

Stem cell (SC) proliferation and differentiation organize tissue homeostasis. However, how SCs regulate coordinate tissue scaling in dynamic organs remain unknown. Here, we delineate SC regulations in dynamic skin. We found that interfollicular epidermal SCs (IFESCs) shape basal epidermal proliferating clusters (EPCs) in expanding abdominal epidermis of pregnant mice and proliferating plantar epidermis. EPCs consist of IFESC-derived Tbx3⁺–basal cells (Tbx3⁺-BCs) and their neighboring cells where Adam8–extracellular signal–regulated kinase signaling is activated. Clonal lineage tracing revealed that Tbx3⁺-BC clones emerge in the abdominal epidermis during pregnancy, followed by differentiation after parturition. In the plantar epidermis, Tbx3⁺-BCs are sustained as long-lived SCs to maintain EPCs invariably. We showed that Tbx3⁺-BCs are vasculature-dependent IFESCs and identified mechanical stretch as an external cue for the vasculature-driven EPC formation. Our results uncover vasculature-mediated IFESC regulations, which explain how the epidermis adjusts its size in orchestration with dermal constituents in dynamic skin

PDZRN3 Negatively Regulates BMP-2–induced Osteoblast Differentiation through Inhibition of Wnt Signaling

PDZRN3, a member of the PDZ domain–containing RING finger family of proteins plays an important role in negative feedback control of BMP-2–induced osteoblast differentiation in C2C12 mouse mesenchymal progenitor cells through inhibition of Wnt–β-catenin signaling

A Study on The Developmental Stages of Consultation Skills of Certified Nurses in A Hospitals

本研究の目的はA 病院で勤務する認定看護師の相談能力が発達する段階と能力を発達させるための方策を明らかにすることである．A 病院に勤務する認定看護師更新審査を経験した認定看護師9 名を対象に，フォーカス・グループ・インタビューによりデータ収集し分析した．認定看護師の相談能力は4 段階にわたって発達していることが明らかになり，相談活動の実践を可能にしている能力を【自分の持つ知識や技術を惜しみなく提供する思いを持ち，手探りながら地道に相談にチャレンジする能力】【相談対象と現場の理解に基づき，自立を目指して一緒に考えながら，専門知識と技術を駆使する能力】【周りの人と協働する関係性を築き，問題の本質に迫って目標を定め，人を巻き込んで解決に向ける能力】【部署を超えた周囲との信頼関係を前提に，ポジションパワーを活用し，未知の領域に踏み込み，組織的な課題の解決に向けチャレンジする能力】と命名した．また，能力を発達させるための方策として，『姿勢』『努力』『学び』というテーマで13 個の重要カテゴリーが抽出でき，加えて，役職と活動形態は相談能力の発達に影響する要因であることが明らかになった．認定看護師専門分野にかかわらず，相談能力には質的に異なる4 つの発達段階がある可能性が示された．各発達段階で示された能力は，自身の努力と管理者支援の方向性を考える参考になると考える．departmental bulletin pape

Inhibition of Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acid Formation by Indanofan, 2-[2-(3-Chlorophenyl)oxiran-2-ylmethyl]-2-ethylindan-1,3-dione, and Its Relatives

Rice Herbicides, Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids, Tridiphane Indanofan and its analogs inhibited the elongation of stearoyl-or arachidoyl-CoA by [2-14 C]-malonyl-CoA in leek microsomes from Allium porrum. Although the precise mode of interaction of indanofan at the molecular level is not completely clarified by the present study, it is concluded that indanofan and analogs act as inhibitor of the elongase enzyme involved in de novo biosynthesis of fatty acids with an alkyl chain longer than C 18 , called very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). For a strong inhibition of VLCFA formation chloro substituents at the benzene ring and the oxirane group were necessary. Furthermore, the greenhouse test showed strong activity for indanofan and its analogs, and the scores coincided with cell-free elongation inhibition. The cell-free assay, however, failed to indicate any activity for an analog having a methylene instead of the oxirane group, while both Digitaria ciliaris and Echinochloa oryzicola were killed with 1 kg a.i./ha. This finding cannot be discussed because the applied use rate of 1 kg a.i./ha is too high to allow for a score differentiation. For high concentrations of this compound additional unknown inhibitory effects may be involved besides fatty acid elongation

Development of Autopolymerizing Resin Material with Antimicrobial Properties Using Montmorillonite and Nanoporous Silica

Although autopolymerizing resin offers numerous applications in orthodontic treatment, plaque tends to accumulate between the appliance and the mucosa, which increases the number of microorganisms present. In this study, we added cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) loaded montmorillonite (Mont) and nanoporous silica (NPS) to autopolymerizing resin (resin-Mont, resin-NPS) and evaluated their drug release capacity, antimicrobial capacity, drug reuptake capacity, mechanical strength, and color tone for the devolvement of autopolymerizing resin with antimicrobial properties. As observed, resin-Mont and resin-NPS were capable of the sustained release of CPC for 14 d, and a higher amount of CPC was released compared to that of resin-CPC. Additionally, resin-Mont and resin-NPS could reuptake CPC. Moreover, the antimicrobial studies demonstrated that resin-Mont and resin-NPS could release effective amounts of CPC against Streptococcus mutans for 14 d and 7 d after reuptake, respectively. Compared to resin-CPC, resin-Mont exhibited a higher sustained release of CPC in all periods, both in the initial sustained release and after reuptake. However, the mechanical strength decreased with the addition of Mont and NPS, with a 36% reduction observed in flexural strength for resin-Mont and 25% for resin-NPS. The application of these results to the resin portion of the orthodontic appliances can prevent bacterial growth on the surface, as well as on the interior, of the appliances and mitigate the inflammation of the mucosa

Development of Autopolymerizing Resin Material with Antimicrobial Properties Using Montmorillonite and Nanoporous Silica

Although autopolymerizing resin offers numerous applications in orthodontic treatment, plaque tends to accumulate between the appliance and the mucosa, which increases the number of microorganisms present. In this study, we added cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) loaded montmorillonite (Mont) and nanoporous silica (NPS) to autopolymerizing resin (resin-Mont, resin-NPS) and evaluated their drug release capacity, antimicrobial capacity, drug reuptake capacity, mechanical strength, and color tone for the devolvement of autopolymerizing resin with antimicrobial properties. As observed, resin-Mont and resin-NPS were capable of the sustained release of CPC for 14 d, and a higher amount of CPC was released compared to that of resin-CPC. Additionally, resin-Mont and resin-NPS could reuptake CPC. Moreover, the antimicrobial studies demonstrated that resin-Mont and resin-NPS could release effective amounts of CPC against Streptococcus mutans for 14 d and 7 d after reuptake, respectively. Compared to resin-CPC, resin-Mont exhibited a higher sustained release of CPC in all periods, both in the initial sustained release and after reuptake. However, the mechanical strength decreased with the addition of Mont and NPS, with a 36% reduction observed in flexural strength for resin-Mont and 25% for resin-NPS. The application of these results to the resin portion of the orthodontic appliances can prevent bacterial growth on the surface, as well as on the interior, of the appliances and mitigate the inflammation of the mucosa