Intercropping wheat with pea for improved wheat baking quality

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and wheat (Triticum sativum L.) were either sole cropped or intercropped in a complete design of five relative proportions and five density levels to determine the effects of interspecific interaction in an intercrop on wheat baking quality. It is shown how pea interspecific competitive ability for factors such as light and water results in an increase in wheat protein content without reducing other important quality parameters. Density and relative crop frequency can be used as “regulators” when specific objectives such as bread making quality are wante

Globaliseringen og økologiske fødevarer

The presentation discusses recent trends of globalization within organic food and farming in relation to the challanges, prospects and principles of organic farming. Furthermore selected results from DARCOF II are presented

Impact of Organic farming on aquatic environment

The effects of conversion to organic farming on N leaching are discussed in the presentation. Problems in European aquatic environment are presented along with the development of organic farming in Denmark and the rest of Europe. Recent Danish studies on the N leaching effects by conversion of mixed dairy and arable farms are presented. The studies estimate that N leaching is lower from organic compared to conventional mixed dairy farms, whereas N leaching at organic arable farms are comparable to conventional arable farms

Estimated N leaching losses for organic and conventional farming in Denmark

The impact of organic compared to conventional farming practices on N leaching loss was studied for Danish mixed dairy and arable farms using an N balance approach based on representative data. On mixed dairy farms a simple N balance method was used to estimate N surplus and N leaching loss. On arable farms the simple N balance method was unreliable due to changes in the soil N pool. Consequently, the FASSET simulation model was used to estimate N surplus, N leaching loss and the changes in the soil N pool. The study found a lower N leaching loss from organic than conventional mixed dairy farms, primarily due to lower N inputs. On organic arable farms the soil N pool was increasing over years but the N leaching loss was comparable to conventional arable farms. The soil N pool was primarily increased by organic farming practices and incorporation of straw. The highest increase in the soil N pool was seen on soils with a low level of soil organic matter. The level of N leaching loss was dependent on soil type, the use of catch crops and the level of soil organic matter, whereas incorporation of straw had a minor effect. N leaching was highest on sandy soils with a high level of soil organic matter and no catch crops. The study stresses the importance of using representative data of organic and conventional farming practices in comparative studies of N leaching loss

Labor Migration in the European Union: De-institutionalization or Re-institutionalization of Social Protection?

The literature on European Union (EU) integration sees increasing liberalization as a major challenge for models of national capitalism within Member States. EU liberalization, it is argued, erodes national welfare regimes and prevents the re-embedding of markets in social protection systems. However, other scholars highlight the ability of national institutions to reinvent themselves to offer social protection. This paper assesses these claims by exploring an extreme case of labor market pressure driven by EU liberalization. Employment conditions in the meat production sector in Germany and Denmark have been affected in very different ways by EU liberalization. We explore whether, and to what extent, low wage labor migration has weakened the position of social partners and the rules that shape the employment conditions in the industry. We see evidence of deinstitutionalization in both Germany and Denmark but we also see evidence of distinct institutional reinvention that reflects national political traditions. We find that some degree of solidaristic labor market regulation can be maintained – at least in the short term – even in the face of relocation and job losses

Detektion af miljø-DNA med ‘quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction’ (qPCR) sammenlignet med ‘droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction’ (ddPCR)

Prosjektleder: Steen W. KnudsenDetektion af miljø-DNA (engelsk: ‘environmental DNA’, forkortet: ‘eDNA’) kan gøres med blandt andet qPCR og ddPCR, hvor ddPCR ved detektion af DNA fra virus eller bakterier i human patologiske studier er blevet demonstreret som værende mere præcis i forhold til qPCR-baseret detektion af eDNA. I denne undersøgelse er målet at belyse om en sådan øget præcision også er gældende for detektion af eDNA fra marine ikke-hjemmehørende arter. Her analyseres de samme 48 ekstraktioner af eDNA fra filtervandprøver, indsamlet i 2021, med både qPCR og ddPCR for tilstedeværelsen af 17 forskellige ikke-hjemmehørende marine arter. Det kan konkluderes, at for de sjældne marine NIS-arter er der med ddPCR-platform en bedre chance for at detektere meget lave niveauer af eDNA. For 17 ud af 19 afprøvede artsspecifikke detektionssystemer på ddPCR-platform var der lige så præcis detektion af eDNA som på qPCR platform, såfremt der er tilstrækkeligt høje niveauer af eDNA til stede i vandprøven. For lave niveuaer af eDNA var ddPCR-platform bedre til at vurdere usikkerhed i eDNA koncentration end qPCR. Med reduceret arbejdstid for opsætning af ddPCR i forhold til med qPCR anbefales det at bruge ddPCR for fremtidig monitorering af eDNA fra marine invasive arter, for at opnå bedre præcision og reducere arbejdstid.MiljøstyrelsenpublishedVersio

Filosofia, injustícia i solidaritat. Una revisió de l’obra i el pensament de Max Horkheim

Treballs Finals del Màster en Pensament Contemporani i Tradició Clàssica, Facultat de Filosofia, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2022-2023. Tutor:Carles Rius Santamaria i Antonio Castilla Cerezo[cat] Aquest estudi consisteix en una revisió de l'obra de Max Horkheimer a partir del concepte d’injustícia, el qual unifica tot el pensament de l'autor. Consta de diverses seccions: la primera, un exercici d'història de la filosofia des d'on interrogarem la interpretació clàssica de l'obra de l'autor i introduirem la nostra proposta de revisió. Aquesta proposta es demostrarà en les tres seccions restants: la secció segona, dedicada a la relació entre injustícia i història, i que tindrà com a elements principals la seva interpretació marxista i la crítica a la idea de progrés històric; la tercera, centrada en la relació entre filosofia i injustícia, que treballarà a partir del binomi horkheimerià entre metafísica i materialisme; i la quarta, que presentarà l'anhel de justícia en el pensament de Horkheimer, posarà en relació la filosofia i la religió, i conclourà així la revisió unitària que proposàvem. Paral·lelament a aquestes seccions discorreran dos excursos que presentaran el debat entre Walter Benjamin i Horkheimer sobre la redempció històrica, i que ens permetran finalment exposar el lloc del concepte de solidaritat política en el pensament del darrer com a nucli final de la nostra interpretació.[eng] This study comprises a review of Max Horkheimer's work from the viewpoint of the concept of injustice, which unifies his entire thought. It is divided into several sections: the first involves an exercise in the history of philosophy, in which we question the classical interpretation of the author's work and present our proposal for a revision. This proposal will be elaborated in the remaining three sections: the second section focuses on the relationship between injustice and history, with its main elements being Horkheimer's Marxist revision and his critique of the idea of historical progress; the third section is centered on the relationship between philosophy and injustice, working from his binomial of metaphysics and materialism; and the fourth section will present the yearning for justice in Horkheimer's thought, establishing a link between philosophy and religion, thus concluding the unified revision we propose. Alongside these sections, two digressions will examine the debate between Walter Benjamin and Horkheimer on historical redemption. This will allow us to present the place of the concept of political solidarity in the latter's thought as the final core of our interpretation

A Corporate Governance Approach

This article examines why Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in 2001 turned down a proposal for an EU take-over directive? The first explanation focuses on party ideology. However, MEPs overwhelmingly voted according to national rather than party lines. Two additional explanations emphasise national characteristics: labour market legislation (national schemes to protect employees against dismissals) and corporate governance issues. Labour market legislation can explain the UK and German MEP votes but not the Swedish and French MEPs votes. These votes can be explained by emphasising measures against take-overs such as a high level of market capitalisation and unequal voting rights

Perceived indoor environment in social housing with different ventilation principles

The need for renovation and energy retrofitting of Danish social housing from the 1960s and 1970s is substantial. Such energy retrofits often include the installation of mechanical ventilation systems with heat recovery to fulfil the current standards for energy efficiency. These systems typically ensure a more constant and higher ventilation rate than previous systems. Therefore, there is potential for residents to perceive a higher air quality and a reduction in problems due to condensation on cold surfaces and mould growth after retrofits. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate if this potential is realised for residents in social housing complexes. A questionnaire survey was performed among residents in dwellings with ventilation categorised within one of the five ventilation principles: natural ventilation, bathroom fan, exhaust fans in the kitchen and bath, decentralized balanced mechanical ventilation and centralized balanced mechanical ventilation. Compared with residents without balanced mechanical ventilation, residents having such systems perceived less often problems with unpleasant odour from their own apartment and less visible mould, but more often perceived the air as dry. Residents with decentralized mechanical ventilation tended to experience more often problems with noise from their ventilation system. However, results show that nuisance are avoidable with correctly designed decentralized ventilation.publishedVersio