Direct and indirect health impacts of climate change on the vulnerable elderly population in East China

The latest scientific advances on the impacts of climate change on the health of the elderly in East China were reviewed consulting peer-reviewed publications from 2000-2017. The direct impacts of climate change result from rising temperatures, heatwaves, and increases in the frequency of complex extreme weather events such as windstorms, floods, and droughts. The health and social consequences of these events are far-reaching, ranging from reduced labour productivity and heat-related deaths, through to direct physical injury during extreme weather events, the spread of infectious diseases, and mental health effects following widespread flooding or prolonged drought. Research has indicated that climate change will have the greatest impact on vulnerable groups of people, including the elderly population. However, there is a dearth of empirical evidence, a lack of focus on vulnerable segments of the population (especially elderly), limited understanding of how health status will change in the future, and lack of acknowledgement of how different regions in China vary in terms of the consequences of climate change. The main risk in East China that climate change may exacerbate is flooding (sea level rise, coastal and riverine, flood risk). However in some regions of East China such as in the provinces of Anhui, Jiangsu, Hebei and Shandong the biggest climate change risk is considered to be drought. Main health risks linked to climate change are evident as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (heat stroke, exhaustion, and asthma), often caused by interactions between heatwave episodes and concurrent poor air quality

The Effects of Some New Postharvest Fungicides and Combination of Hot Water with Sodium Bicarbonate against Geotrichum citri-aurantii on Citrus

Geotrichum citri-auranti, sour rot of citrus, causes economical crop losses on Satsuma mandarin and lemon in Turkey. Because the usage of guazatine was restricted in packinghouses, new solutions are required to minimize these pathogens. Thirty-two isolates of G. citri-auranti were collected from packinghouses in Ege and the Mediterranean Region and tested against fungicides. In this project, we examined the old postharvest fungicides; guazatine, thiabendazole (TBZ) and imazalil against G. citri-auranti and new generation postharvest fungicides such as pyrimethanil, fludioxonil and azoxystrobin at different doses in vitro and in vivo. We also studied sensitivity of pathogen isolates against fungicides in vitro. All of the isolates were found resistant to imazalil and TBZ even high doses of fungicides. It was found that 28% of isolates were sensitive to guazatine and 72% resistant. Both in vitro and in vivo tested azoxystrobin did not affect pathogen growth and decay development. Only guazatine was effective on pathogens growth and decay development. In vivo tests conducted on Satsuma mandarin showed that a combination of sodium bicarbonate (2%) and guazatine (900 mu g/ml) and their combination were the most effective treatments for disease development

The Effects of Some New Postharvest Fungicides and Combination of Hot Water with Sodium Bicarbonate against Geotrichum citri-aurantii on Citrus

6th International Postharvest Symposium -- APR 08-12, 2009 -- Antalya, TURKEYWOS: 000323614700214Geotrichum citri-auranti, sour rot of citrus, causes economical crop losses on Satsuma mandarin and lemon in Turkey. Because the usage of guazatine was restricted in packinghouses, new solutions are required to minimize these pathogens. Thirty-two isolates of G. citri-auranti were collected from packinghouses in Ege and the Mediterranean Region and tested against fungicides. In this project, we examined the old postharvest fungicides; guazatine, thiabendazole (TBZ) and imazalil against G. citri-auranti and new generation postharvest fungicides such as pyrimethanil, fludioxonil and azoxystrobin at different doses in vitro and in vivo. We also studied sensitivity of pathogen isolates against fungicides in vitro. All of the isolates were found resistant to imazalil and TBZ even high doses of fungicides. It was found that 28% of isolates were sensitive to guazatine and 72% resistant. Both in vitro and in vivo tested azoxystrobin did not affect pathogen growth and decay development. Only guazatine was effective on pathogens growth and decay development. In vivo tests conducted on Satsuma mandarin showed that a combination of sodium bicarbonate (2%) and guazatine (900 mu g/ml) and their combination were the most effective treatments for disease development.Int Soc Hort Sci (ISHS)Ege University Research FoundationEge UniversityThe authors thank the Ege University Research Foundation for the suppor

The shelf life and effectiveness of granular formulations of Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Pichia guilliermondii yeast isolates that control postharvest decay of citrus fruit

Our overall objectives were to prepare commercially acceptable formulations of the postharvest biological control yeasts, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Pichia guilliermondii, which have a long storage life and to determine the effectiveness of these formulations to control postharvest green and blue moulds on citrus fruit. Yeasts, grown on a cane molasses-based medium, were combined with talc or kaolin carriers and various adjuvants and the viability of yeast in 12 formulations was determined over a 6 month period. Formulation no. 11, containing talc, sodium alginate, sucrose, and yeast extract, for both yeasts had a significantly higher viable yeast cell content over a 6 month storage period. Among the formulations, three formulations (formulations no. 5, 6, and 11) were selected for additional in vivo testing because they had higher levels of viability amongst yeast cell populations during storage and were easier to resuspend remained in suspension more easily. These formulations were tested on Satsuma mandarin and grapefruit to control green and blue moulds. Formulations no. 5, 6, and 11 for both yeasts effectively controlled green mould, while only formulation no. 11 with either yeast isolate M. pulcherrima (isolate M1/1) or P. guilliermondii (isolate P1/3) effectively controlled both blue and green moulds. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.We thank for their support to Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBİTAK) Ege University Science and Technology Research and Application Center (EBILTEM) and acknowledge Pak Gıda A.S. and Syngenta Crop Sciences for their support. We are grateful to Joseph L. Smilanick (USDA ARS, Parlier, California) for his help during preparation of the manuscript and statistical analysis of data. -