A monolithic and flexible fluoropolymer film microreactor for organic synthesis applications

A photocurable and viscous fluoropolymer with chemical stability is a highly desirable material for fabrication of microchemical devices. Lack of a reliable fabrication method, however, limits actual applications for organic reactions. Herein, we report fabrication of a monolithic and flexible fluoropolymer film microreactor and its use as a new microfluidic platform. The fabrication involves facile soft lithography techniques that enable partial curing of thin laminates, which can be readily bonded by conformal contact without any external forces. We demonstrate fabrication of various functional channels (similar to 300 mu m thick) such as those embedded with either a herringbone micromixer pattern or a droplet generator. Organic reactions under strongly acidic and basic conditions can be carried out in this film microreactor even at elevated temperature with excellent reproducibility. In particular, the transparent film microreactor with good deformability could be wrapped around a light-emitting lamp for close contact with the light source for efficient photochemical reactions with visible light, which demonstrates easy integration with optical components for functional miniaturized systems.open1112Ysciescopu

Holographic light dilaton at the conformal edge

We study a simple holographic model for gauge theories near the conformal edge to show that the dilaton can be parametrically lighter than any other composite states. The masses of all composite states, except the dilaton, are bounded by the infrared scale or the dynamical mass. The parametric dependence of the dilaton mass is controlled by the closeness of the anomalous dimension of the quark bilinear, that breaks spontaneously the scale symmetry, to the conformality. We also show in the holographic dual that under certain assumptions, the dilaton saturates at low energy the anomalous Ward identity for the dilatation currents.Comment: 7 page

Detecting axion dark matter with chiral magnetic effects

We show that dark matter axions or axion-like particles (ALP) induce non-dissipative alternating electric currents in conductors along the external magnetic fields due to the axial anomaly, realizing the chiral magnetic effects. We propose a new experiment to measure this current to detect the dark matter axions or ALP. This non-dissipative currents are the electron medium effects, directly proportional to the axion or ALP coupling to electrons, which depends on their microscopic physics.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Editor's Choice - Delays to Surgery and Procedural Risks Following Carotid Endarterectomy in the UK National Vascular Registry.

OBJECTIVE: Guidelines recommend that patients suffering an ischaemic transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke caused by carotid artery stenosis should undergo carotid endarterectomy (CEA) within 14 days. METHOD: The degree to which UK vascular units met this standard was examined and whether rapid interventions were associated with procedural risks. The study analysed patients undergoing CEA between January 2009 and December 2014 from 100 UK NHS hospitals. Data were collected on patient characteristics, intervals of time from symptoms to surgery, and 30-day postoperative outcomes. The relationship between outcomes and time from symptom to surgery was evaluated using multilevel multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: In 23,235 patients, the median time from TIA/stroke to CEA decreased over time, from 22 days (IQR 10-56) in 2009 to 12 days (IQR 7-26) in 2014. The proportion of patients treated within 14 days increased from 37% to 58%. This improvement was produced by shorter times across the care pathway: symptoms to referral, from medical review to being seen by a vascular surgeon, and then to surgery. The spread of the median time from symptom to surgery among NHS hospitals shrank between 2009 and 2013 but then grew slightly. Low-, medium-, and high-volume NHS hospitals all improved their performance similarly. Performing CEA within 48 h of symptom onset was associated with a small increase in the 30-day stroke and death rate: 3.1% (0-2 days) compared with 2.0% (3-7 days); adjusted odds ratio 1.64 (95% CI 1.04-2.59) but not with longer delays. CONCLUSIONS: The delay from symptom to CEA in symptomatic patients with ipsilateral 50-99% carotid stenoses has reduced substantially, although 42% of patients underwent CEA after the recommended 14 days. The risk of stroke after CEA was low, but there may be a small increase in risk during the first 48 h after symptoms

Penerapan Bermain Messy Play dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Tk Kelompok A

Salah satu aspek kemampuan yang penting untuk dikembangkan pada anak usia dini adalahkemampuan motorik halus anak. Kemampuan motorik halus membantu anak untukmemperoleh kemandiriannya, membantu mendapatkan penerimaan sosial, dan dapatmenimbulkan rasa percaya diri pada anak. Kemampuan motorik halus dapat ditingkatkan melaluibermain messy play. Messy Play merupakan jenis permainan yang merangsang sensor motorikhalus dan kasar.Permainan ini dilakukan anak baik di alam terbuka maupun di dalam ruangandan membuat tubuh anak menjadi kotor, sehingga dikatakan dengan bermain messy play.Selaintubuh anak aktif, anak juga akan belajar mengkoordinasikan panca inderanya melalui sentuhan,bau, rasa, pendengaran, dan penglihatan. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu (1)mendeskripsikanpenerapan bermain messy play dalam meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak KelompokA, (2) Mendeskripsikan hasil penerapan bermain messy play dalam meningkatkan kemampuanmotorik halus anak Kelompok A. Sedangkan luaran yang ditargetkan dalam penelitian ini adalahtersedianya perangkat pembelajaran dengan penerapan bermain Messy Play untukmeningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus pada anak TK kelompok A. Metode yang digunakandalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan melalui 4tahapan dalam setiap siklusnya. Adapun tahapan tersebut adalah: (1) perencanaan, (2)pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di TK Aisyiyah BustanulAthfal Kalibader dengan 2 siklus. Siklus I dilakukan empat kali pertemuan, jika dalam siklus Ibelum berhasil, maka dilakukan siklus II dengan tiga kali pertemuan. Teknik pengumpulan datamenggunakan observasi, lembar asesmen, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penerapanbermain messy play dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok A di TKAisyiyah Kalibader. Hal ini dibuktikan adanya peningkatan pada nilai ketuntasan di siklus I dansiklus II. Pada siklus I ketuntasan nilai keseluruhan kelompok A adalah 65%, dan pada siklus IIketuntasan nilai keseluruhan kelompok A adalah 88,1%. Hal ini membuktikan adanya peningkatankemampuan motorik halus anak kelompok A setelah dilakukan penerapan bermain messy play

Structural Design Of Ultra Large Ships Based On Direct Calculation Approach

The trend in modern sea transportation is building of ever larger ships, which require application of different direct calculation methodologies and numerical tools to achieve their reliable structural design. This is particularly emphasized in case of ultra large container ships (ULCS), but also other ship types like bulk carriers or large LNG ships belong to this category. In this context some classification societies have developed guidelines for performing direct calculations and for that purpose there are several hydro-structure tools available around the world, mainly relying on the same theoretical assumptions, but having incorporated different numerical procedures. Such tools are mostly based on the application of the 3D potential flow theoretical models coupled with the 3D FEM structural models. This paper illustrates application of general hydro-structure tool HOMER (BV) in the assessment of ship structural response in waves. An outline of the numerical procedure based on the modal approach is given together with basic software description. Application case is 19000 TEU ULCS built in South Korean shipyard Hyundai Heavy Industries. Extensive hydroelastic analyses of the ship are performed, and here some representative results for fatigue response with linear springing influence are listed

Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 in Korea: Report of Two Novel Mutations

Glutaric aciduria type I (GA I) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Although over 400 patients confirmed as GA I have been reported, reports from the Asian population had contributed to the minor proportion. We recently diagnosed two cases of GA I confirmed with mutational analysis. Here, we present their rather atypical clinical presentations with genetic characteristics for the first time in Korea. Profound developmental delay from birth, association of hearing loss, and neurological improvement after surgical intervention, were considered to be different clinical features from most reported cases. One patient was a compound heterozygote for p.Ser139Leu and p.Asp220Tyr, and the other for p.Ser139Leu and Glu160X. The mutations of the two alleles (p.Asp220Tyr and p.Glu160X) were novel and reports of p.Ser139Leu were rare both in Western and other Asian populations. These might suggest different genetic spectrum of Korean GA I patients

Patterned Si thin film electrodes for enhancing structural stability

A patterned film (electrode) with lozenge-shaped Si tiles could be successfully fabricated by masking with an expanded metal foil during film deposition. Its electrochemical properties and structural stability during the charge-discharge process were examined and compared with those of a continuous (conventional) film electrode. The patterned electrode exhibited a remarkably improved cycleability (75% capacity retention after 120 cycles) and an enhanced structural stability compared to the continuous electrode. The good electrochemical performance of the patterned electrode was attributed to the space between Si tiles that acted as a buffer against the volume change of the Si electrode

A Pulmonary Paragonimiasis Case Mimicking Metastatic Pulmonary Tumor

Pulmonary paragonimiasis is a relatively rare cause of lung disease revealing a wide variety of radiologic findings, such as air-space consolidation, nodules, and cysts. We describe here a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in a 27-year-old woman who presented with a 2-month history of cough and sputum. Based on chest computed tomography (CT) scans and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) findings, the patient was suspected to have a metastatic lung tumor. However, she was diagnosed as having Paragonimus westermani infection by an immunoserological examination using ELISA. Follow-up chest X-ray and CT scans after chemotherapy with praziquantel showed an obvious improvement. There have been several reported cases of pulmonary paragonimiasis mimicking lung tumors on FDG-PET. However, all of them were suspected as primary lung tumors. To our knowledge, this patient represents the first case of paragonimiasis mimicking metastatic lung disease on FDG-PET CT imaging