THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS ORGANISATIONS AND NETWORKS IN THE SYRIAN INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN TURKEY

This study examines the potential impact of religious organisations and networks on refugee integration processes. It focuses on the experiences of Muslim Syrian refugees in Turkey to address the questions of how pre-war religious networks and institutions evolve during forced migration and what types of functions they carry out in the refugees’ integration in Turkey. The study adopts the integration theory of Alastair Ager and Alison Strang (2008) as an analytical framework. Drawing from ethnographic research -combining in-depth interviews with document analysis-the study proposes three findings. First, Syrian religious communities seek to institutionalise and maintain their networks during their international migration process. Second, religious institutions and networks serve as a sanctuary for refugees. By participating in religious organisations and networks, refugees have accumulated their socio-cultural capital and gained advantages in accessing aid and public services. The feeling of belonging provides them partial psychological comfort and coping opportunity against the trauma of war and migration and a means for attributing meaning to the hardships they experience. Third, while religious education is the primary function of these institutions and networks, they also serve as social bridges and linkage points between the host community and refugees. Finally, the study provides some findings of the limitations of networks, including the risk of emergence of parallel lives, social closure, and marginalisation. The findings contribute to the growing scholarship on refugee integration in the immediate host countries as well as migration and religion nexus

Investigation of the Yeast and Mould Floras in Some Ground Spices

In this study, yeast and mould floras of 60 spices samples that werecollected from different places of Diyarbakır have been investigated. Theyeast spices as Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus and A. niger and mouldspices as Candida tropicalis and C. albicans have been commonly isolatedfrom the spices samples.The ratios of yeast contamination in the samples of black pepper,cumin, allspice, ground hot red pepper, flaked pepper (red) and flakedpepper (black), investigated in this study, have been found as % 70, % 80,% 90, % 90, % 60 and % 30 respectively. As a result of high amount ofyeast contamination in spices samples, it is thought that there is a high riskof aflatoxin presence.Using the good and hygienically producing techniques at the stages ofharvest, production, processing, storage and selling with decontaminationapplications as sterilization, microwave and irradiation become effectiveeither in to prove the microbiological quality of the spices and eliminatingof the probable aflatoxin risk due to highly yeast contamination

Corticosteroid-associated atypical central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient with multiple sclerosis

Letter to the edito

Reinforced concrete members strengthening method by steel plates

Bu çalışmada, betonarme taşıyıcı sistem elemanlarının güçlendirilmesi ve birleştirilmesi işlemlerinde yoğun olarak kullanılan bir yöntem deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Hizmet halindeki betonarme elemanların dış yüzeylerinden, mukavemet değerleri yüksek olan çelik lama veya kompozit şeritler gibi malzemelerle yapıştırılarak kuşatılması şeklindeki güçlendirme uygulaması, uzun bir geçmişi olan ve halen yoğun talep gören bir yöntemdir. Ancak bu yöntemde güvenli bir sonuç elde etmek, özellikle yapıştırma birleşim sorunlarından dolayı her zaman mümkün olmamaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında yapılan deneylerin sonuçlarına göre belirli işlem kriterlerine bağlı kalındığında söz konusu yapıştırma yönteminin, göçme davranışları, taşıma gücü, aderansın verimli değerlendirilmesi, dolayısı ile kompozit davranışın sağlanabilmesi açısından olumlu sonuçlar sağladığı belirlenmiştir.In this work a method, which is frequently used in the strengthening and bonding process of reinforced concrete system members, is studied experimentally. The purpose of this experimental study is to evaluate the strengthening realized by the joining method not only the application criteria and related materials are given but also advantages and inconvenient of the method are pointed out. The strengthening application of the outside surfaces of the existing concrete members covering with materials like steel plate or composite sheets having high stiffening values is a long lasting and still widely demanded method. However getting a reliable result by this method is not always possible especially due to the problems of composite adhesion. In the study, application limitations of the selected bonding type and materials evaluated in detail which are very necessary to consider for such applications. On the other hand, these types of studies should be carried out the experienced staff and workers. According to the results of the experiments subject to this work, in case of obeying the necessary processing criteria, it was observed that the adhesion method provides positive results in terms of failing movements, increasing of loading capacity, efficient use of the adhesive power and so satisfying the composite behavior

Assessments of anxiety levels and working conditions of health employees working in COVİD-19 pandemic hospitals

The study aims to identify health care workers’ risk of COVID-19 and to determine employees’ views on working conditions and the fight against COVID-19 in general, and to present their concerns. The study utilized a survey form developed by researchers as a data collection tool. The research was conducted on 736 health workers in the Turkish population using the online survey method. Descriptive statistical methods, chi-square analysis, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. The data was carried out in a 95% confidence range. According to the study’s findings, 31.7% of the health care workers involved in the study had contact with 19 cases of COVID-19; 27.3% provided services to patients diagnosed with COVID-19. There is a relationship between the professional groups of health care workers who have been contacted by COVID-19 cases and the professional groups of those who provide services. Among the participants, only 35 people had a diagnostic test, 15 of which were positive for COVID-19 results. Although health care workers find working conditions and authorities to be moderate in tackling COVID-19, their anxiety levels are high. Although health care workers provide services to COVID-19 diagnosed patients, they are not protected against the risk of infection by adequate testing. The risk of transmission threatens more groups of nurses. Considering that COVID-19 is a global threat, measures should be taken to protect health care workers and their families and professional support should be given to address their concerns. © 2020 by Author/s and Licensed by Modestum Ltd., UK

Applications of Glass Fibers in 3D Preform Composites

E-glass three dimensional (3D) stitched preform composites have been developed for several industrial applications due to their high mechanical performance and damage tolerance properties. Although some in-plane properties of the stitched E-glass composite structure are slightly lower than in laminated composite, its mode-I delamination failure is improved. This was achieved by using the out-of-plane directional stitched fibers. Recently, some nanoparticles as single-walled nanotubes (SWNT) or multiwalled nanotubes (MWNT) or nanofibers (NF) were added to the glass fabric structure or stitched preform during consolidation process. This further enhances the thermo-mechanical impact properties of the E-glass fiber composites

Evaluation of beta-blockers on left ventricular dyssynchrony and reverse remodeling in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: A randomized trial of carvedilol and metoprolol

Background: The effect of b-blockage on cardiac dyssynchrony in idiopathic dilated cardio­myopathy (IDC) is unknown. This study evaluated the impact of carvedilol and metoprolol succinate on left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony and reverse remodeling in IDC. Methods: In this small, prospective, double-blind study, we randomly assigned 81 IDC pa­tients to receive carvedilol or metoprolol succinate. Echocardiographic measurements (dyssyn­chrony, LV volumes and ejection fraction [EF]) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were obtained at baseline and at first and sixth month of therapy. Results: A total of 74 (91%) patients completed all investigations at sixth month (38 and 36 taking carvedilol and metoprolol succinate, respectively). In the carvedilol group, reduction in LV end diastolic volume (D LVEDV at 6 months, 50 ± 15 mL to 40 ± 17 mL, p = 0.03) and increase in LVEF (D LVEF, 7 ± 2% to 5 ± 3%, p = 0.02) was higher compared to the meto­prolol group. Also improvement in inter-ventricular dyssynchrony achieved with carvedilol was higher than metoprolol (D interventricular delay at 6 months, 11 ± 8 ms to 6 ± 7 ms, p = 0.03). However, improvement in intraventricular dyssynchrony was similar in the two groups (D intraventricular delay, 9 ± 7 ms to 9 ± 6 ms, p = 0.91). Improvements in LV mechanical dyssynchrony and reverse remodeling achieved with both drugs were accompanied by reduction in NT-proBNP levels in both carvedilol and metoprolol groups (1614 ± 685 pg/mL to 654 ± ± 488 pg/mL and 1686 ± 730 pg/mL to 583 ± 396 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: Although reduction in LVEDV and increase in LVEF was higher with carvedilol, improvement in intraventricular dyssynchrony was similar in carvedilol and metoprolol groups.

Quadriceps tendon autograft ACL reconstructed subjects overshoot target knee extension angle during active proprioception testing

Purpose To compare the active joint position sense (JPS), muscle strength, and knee functions in individuals who had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with quadriceps tendon autograft, hamstring tendon autograft, tibialis anterior allograft and healthy individuals. It was hypothesized that when compared to an age and gender-matched healthy control group, subjects who were post-ACL reconstruction would display impaired active joint position sense, knee extensor and fexor strength symmetry and knee function at 1 year post-surgery. A secondary hypothesis was that diferences would exist between the quadriceps tendon autograft, hamstring tendon autograft and tibialis anterior allograft groups. Methods Sixty-seven patients with ACL reconstruction and 20 healthy individuals were included. Active JPS reproduction was measured at 15°, 45° and 75° of knee fexion. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score and one-leg hop test were used to assess the functional status of the patients. Results The JPS detection was diferent at the 15° target angle between groups (F3.86=24.56, p<0.001). A signifcantly higher proportion of quadriceps tendon autograft group patients failed to identify the 15° active JPS assessment position compared to the other groups (p<0.0001). The quadriceps index was lower in patients compared to healthy individuals (p<0.001), while the hamstring index was similar (n.s.). The knee functional outcomes were similar between ACL reconstructed groups and healthy controls (n.s.). Conclusion Knee proprioception defcits and impaired muscle strength were evident among patients at a mean 13.5 months post-ACL reconstruction compared with healthy controls. Patients who underwent ACL reconstruction using a quadriceps tendon autograft may be more likely to actively over-estimate knee position near terminal extension. Physiotherapists may need to focus greater attention on terminal knee extension proprioceptive awareness among this patient group