Ramifications of State Budget Cuts to Human Services: Increases Jobs Loss, Decreases Economic Activity, Harms Vulnerable Populations

As Illinois struggles to recover from the worst recession in two generations, job growth and increased economic activity are of paramount concern to voters and lawmakers alike. The recent data make a clear and compelling case that cutting expenditures on human services in this environment would be counterproductive. It would be far better for state government to maintain human srvices spending and gain the positive effects on the Illinois economy

Anti-Sabbatarianism in Antebellum America: The Christian Quarrel over the Sanctity of Sunday

In the first half of the 1800s, American Christians posed fundamental questions about the role of faith in daily life by debating blue laws, which restricted Sunday travel, mail delivery, and recreational activities on the basis of the Fourth Commandment. Historians have largely focused on how pro-blue law Christians, or Sabbatarians, answered these questions. They also present anti-Sabbatarian concerns as socially, economically, or politically motivated, largely ignoring religion. However, an examination of religious periodicals, convention reports, correspondence, and petitions shows that many anti-Sabbatarians did indeed frame their arguments in theological terms. Case studies from various faith traditions over four decades demonstrate that anti- Sabbatarian theology commonly transcended denominations, geographical areas, and time, indicating a certain degree of stability and consistency in nineteenth-century American religious life. Understanding how theology can motivate people to act in other realms of life is not only useful when studying the past; it is also a tool that can be used to thoughtfully and effectively engage in dialogue with others today

Developing vaccines for low resource settings through product development partnerships (PDPs)

Development of new vaccines for low resources settings is driven not only by the unmet medical need but also by addressing issues related to vaccine access, availability, affordability, acceptability and sustainability by the multitude of stakeholders involved in the research, development, introduction and scale-up of vaccines for low- and middle income countries (LMICs). The first gap that needs to be traversed is the valley of death between discovery and deployment (http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/453840a). Product Development Partnerships are one mechanism that has been successfully used to accelerate development of vaccines for LMICs. Two case studies will be reviewed: the meningitis A vaccine, MenAfriVac® and the malaria vaccine, Mosquirix®. A second valley of death has been identified in the development of the malaria vaccine (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30394-4). To traverse this second valley death, a different way of thinking about vaccine development may be required

The Christian vision of William Styron.

In 1951 a 25 year old Virginian, William Styron, published his first novel, entitled Lie Down in Darkness. Seemingly a story of the degeneracy of a Southern family in the matter and tradition of William Faulkner, Styron\u27s first novel won him the Prix de Rome, much critical acclaim and attention, and a significant position among The Most Promising Young Novelists of Our Generation. A year later in 1952 styron followed with a novella, The Long March, a tightly controlled symbolic account of a forced march in a reservist Marine camp. This novella seemed to reinforce the critics\u27 opinions of Styron\u27s promise and caliber, and the success of the novella is indicated by its selection as a Modern Library paperback

Suicide -- Causation, Indicators and Interventions

Excerpt from the full-text article: In this paper an attempt is made to determine what factors propel given individuals toward self destruction. Durkheim\u27s typology of suicides is utilized and an analysis of the social and psychological components of each type undertaken. The social structure is viewed from the vantage point of how it influences and is internalized by members of society. The psychological aspects are handled by looking into what intrapsychic and external forces shape the individual\u27s personality and behavior in such a way that he seeks his own death. In some instances it is hard to draw a sharp line of demarcation between the social and psychologtcal; as many factors are psychosocial. Psychoanalytic psychtatry postulates that the fundamental patterns of behavior are set in tnfancy and early childhood and are not seriously altered later. Neurosis can not be cured by social analysis; this is the task of psychotherapy. Each indtvtdual has a certain level of suicide potenttal that is established during his early life by his family and immediateenvironment through such behavior as rejection or over acceptance; frustration or total gratification of wishes. If the child is not gradually prepared for responsible adulthood, his suicide potential is apt to be htgh. Conversely, if his rearing readies him for work and other activities which will net him socially valued rewards, his suicide potential will be low. Even though an act of suicide may appear to be precipitated by a specific cause, one stimulus alone is not sufficient to produce self murder. The underlying pattern of behavior must be already leading in that direction

Educating Social Workers for Evolving Roles in Corrections

The sought after concept of socialized justice toward which we aspire will hopefully emerge a reality in the Twentieth Century. The pendulum swings from the public\u27s indignation and outrage toward the violent and heinous crimes of our times to the advance of modern correctional methods and techniques stimulated by changing social forces and federally funded programs; the humanization of our prisons, facilities and field services is the result. Gains are being made which are beginning to be felt, in which prescribed treatment programs tailored to meet the needs of the individual are beginning to pay dividends. This advance speaks to two basic premises inherent in the socialized justice concept: that persons caught up in the criminal justice system (1) possess dignity as individuals; and (2) are capable of change. Implicit in this is the idea that what happens during the person\u27s period of incarceration should be determined by his assessed needs rather than by the category of crime he conmmitted

Development, Application, and Distribution of the CubeSat System Reference Model

SSWG has been investigating the applicability of MBSE for designing CubeSats since 2011. First phase developed a SysML model of a CubeSat and applied it to the Radio Aurora Explorer. The second phase included modeling behaviors and the third phase included carrying out trade studies. The current phase is the development of a CubeSat System Reference Model (CSRM)