Pengujian Bahan Formulasi MsNPV ( Mythimna Separata Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus) Terhadap Ulat Grayak Padi, Mythimna Separata Walker Di Lapangan

The objective of these studies were to observe efficiency material formulations of MsNPV and the influence to rice plantation on different locations (Indramayu (3 m above sea level), Sukabumi (400m above sea level) and Bogor (250 m above sea level) to larvae of rice army worm. This study used randomized block design with 4 treatments consisted of 3 formulation materials (talc, kaolin and gypsum) and control in five replications. Observations were done to life and death larvae on 5, 10, 15 days after inoculation and leaf damaged. Data were analysed with DMRT. Results from this study indicated that material talc formulation was more effective because all the material was dissolve as compare to material kaolin and gypsum formulations while the material were precipitated. Utilize these three material formulations on three different locations above sea level gave the same impact to the mortality army worm larvae and also to the plant damage

Formulasi Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) Untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak Padi (Mythimna Separata Walker) Pada Tanaman Padi

Several methods can be used to control pest infestation, especially by the use of biological agents that do not contaminate environment. Virus as a biological agent has already been used to control army worm on some plants. Some benefits can be obtained when biological agents are used to control insect infestation. The objectives of these studies were to obtain: a method to produce MsNPV formulation from rice army worm; an effective and efficient method to pack and store MsNPV formulation as biological agent of rice army worm and an efficient application method of MsNPV formulation to control rice army worm. These studies were conducted at laboratory and green house in Bogor and rice field in Indramayu and Sukabumi, West Java during the planting season of 2005. The experiment consisted of several parts: production of suspension and MsNPV formulation from the larvae of ricearmy worm, packing and period storing of MsNPV formulation, observe the effect of MsNPV formulation on rice army worm in the rice fileds. Results from these studies show that the number of larvae used will effect production of suspension and formulation of MsNPV. The number of larvae used would increase the production of suspension and the value of formulation will also increase. While method of packing, period of time and location of storing showed that time period of 1; 2; and 3 months at different colour of plastic also location of storing refrigerator vs room temperature did not effect on mortality of larvae rice armyworm

PENGARUH VARIETAS TAHAN PADI TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT BIOLOGI WERENG PUNGGUNG PUTIH (SOGATELLA FURCIFERA HORVARTH) DI RUMAH KACA

A. KARTOHARDJONO. 19S6. Effect of resistance rice varieties to some biological charaters of Whitebacked planthopper (Sogatella furcifcra Horvarth) in the green house. Berita Biologi 3(4): 185 -188. The objective of this study was to find resistance varieties and to observe some biological characters of whitebacked pianthopper (wbph) i.e 1 heir preference, number of eggs laid, number of food consume, population development and their survival in the resistance varieties.The study was conducted in the green house, Bogor Res.lnst. for lood Crops in the dry season 1983.Results from this observation showed that the number of wbph to stay,to lay eggs, to consunv".to develop as well as to survive on susceptible varieties are greater than those on resistent varieties.On the susceptible plant the development will be poor on the contrat with their growth on the resistant plant.Therefore, this resistant plant is good to be used to control wbph in the field

The Potential of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation for Industrial Textile Wastewater Treatment Using PVDF-Cloisite 15A Nanocomposite Membrane

This work demonstrates the feasibility of employing direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for treating industrial textile wastewater for clean water production. Experimental results showed that the in-house fabricated polyvinylidene fluoride-Cloisite 15A polymer–inorganic nanocomposite membrane is robust and able to treat the industrial effluent by reducing at least 89% of the initial values of the water quality parameters measured. However, the membrane permeate flux was reported to decline almost 50% in the first few hours of the 40-h treatment process before reaching water flux of 13–22 kg/m2 h. It is believed that the initial flux decline is mainly caused by the foulants accumulated on the membrane outer surface that increases mass transfer resistance of water molecules and reduces water productivity. With respect to separation characteristics, the DCMD process has shown better performance for COD and color removal in comparison to the other commonly used pressure-driven membrane processes. Further improvement on the membrane surface properties is necessary to reduce fouling propensity and pore wetting caused by the surfactants and other foulants in the textile wastewater. This is of particular importance for long-term operation of DCMD process

Comprehensive studies of membrane rinsing on the physicochemical properties and separation performance of TFC RO membranes

Transport behaviour of thin film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is highly dependent on the physicochemical property of the uppermost polyamide (PA) layer. In this work, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of post interfacial polymerization (IP) rinsing using either organic solvents (i.e., hexane, cyclohexane and isoparaffin-G) or aqueous solution on the structure and chemistry of PA layer and correlate the properties change to membrane performance. Evidently, the desalination performance of the aqueous-rinsed membrane is better than the organic solvents-rinsed membrane. Compared to the un-rinsed membrane, the aqueous-rinsed membrane also showed 28% higher pure water flux and 13% lower water contact angle (i.e., greater hydrophilicity) with least compromised NaCl rejection (97.80%). This is possibly caused by its reduced PA cross-linking degree and/or hydrolysis of acyl chloride monomers that alter the membrane surface chemistry. It is also found that the introduction of air-drying prior to the rinsing process could improve the membrane reproducibility as a result of extensive polymerization. The findings from this experimental work confirmed that aqueous solution is the best rinsing solution for TFC RO membrane fabrication, improving both physicochemical properties and water permeability of membrane

The potential of direct contact membrane distillation for industrial textile wastewater treatment using PVDF-Cloisite 15A nanocomposite membrane

This work demonstrates the feasibility of employing direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) for treating industrial textile wastewater for clean water production. Experimental results showed that the in-house fabricated polyvinylidene fluoride-Cloisite 15A polymer-inorganic nanocomposite membrane is robust and able to treat the industrial effluent by reducing at least 89 of the initial values of the water quality parameters measured. However, the membrane permeate flux was reported to decline almost 50 in the first few hours of the 40-h treatment process before reaching water flux of 13-22 kg/m2 h. It is believed that the initial flux decline is mainly caused by the foulants accumulated on the membrane outer surface that increases mass transfer resistance of water molecules and reduces water productivity. With respect to separation characteristics, the DCMD process has shown better performance for COD and color removal in comparison to the other commonly used pressure-driven membrane processes. Further improvement on the membrane surface properties is necessary to reduce fouling propensity and pore wetting caused by the surfactants and other foulants in the textile wastewater. This is of particular importance for long-term operation of DCMD process