First Sagittarius A* event horizon telescope results. II. EHT and multiwavelength observations, data processing, and calibration

Instrumentatio

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Combinatorial energy transfer between an end-capped conjugated polyelectrolyte and chromophore-labeled PNA for strand-specific DNA detection

10.1002/marc.200900281Macromolecular Rapid Communications30191645-1650MRCO

Synthesis and characterization of water-soluble conjugated glycopolymer for fluorescent sensing of concanavalin A

10.1002/asia.200900297Chemistry - An Asian Journal52301-30

Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene of Ya-Fish (Schizothorax Prenanti) Responses to Thermal Stress and Bacterial Challenges

The homeostasis of Ya-fish (Schizothorax prenanti) health may be affected by a wide variety of stressful stimuli from the complex aquatic environment. Heat shock proteins are extensively distributed and highly conserved in various animals, particularly Hsp70 which is a novel and potential biomarker for stressful environmental factors and disease conditions. The expression of SpHsp70 was detected to evaluate the potential use of SpHsp70 as a warning signal for some stimuli. In this study, freshwater Schizothorax prenanti were exposed to thermal stress and pathogenic bacteria in the aquatic environment. Results showed that SpHsp70 were ubiquitously and differentially expressed in nine examined organs/tissues. In Ya-fish, stessorspecific reactions were observed after different bacterial challenges. At the acute stage, SpHsp70 expression was significantly up-regulated in the kidney after Streptococcus agalactiae challenge, however SpHsp70 expression significantly increased in the spleen after Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. These reactions suggest that the response of SpHsp70 to bacterial stimuli depends on different stressors. Hence, thermal sensitivity and stressorspecificity precluded the simple use of SpHsp70 as warning information in S. prenanti