ROLE OF PATHYA - APATHYA IN MANAGEMENT OF GALAGANDA (HYPOTHYROIDISM) – AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

Galaganda is a swelling which hangs over the region of Gala like Mushka either big or small in size and resembles the shape of a scrotal sac. It has been described as a disease entity of impaired Vata, Kapha dosha and Medo dhatu along with involvement of Ama and Dhatvagnimandhya. The concept of Kaphavritavata has also been discussed by some Acharyas with Laskhanas such as Saitya, Gurutva, Sopha which can be compared to symptoms like weight gain, edema etc in hypothyroidism with a specific feature of raised TSH levels, it is correlated to Galaganda in Ayurveda. Modernization leads to improper balance and disintegration of health and environment, body, mind and soul leading to lifestyle disorders. Hypothyroidism is one such lifestyle and metabolic disorder which is commonly encountered now days continuing to pose a major health issue. As it also responds to stress and stimuli the global incidence of hypothyroidism is more. The commonest cause of hypothyroidism is dietary deficiency of Iodine. Pathya and Apathya include materialistic substances and specific regimes which effect the body and mind. This article endeavors to put forward the management of hypothyroidism according to its Nidana in Ayurvedic perspective which would help in understanding the etiopathogenesis of the disease and appropriate management of the disease by following Pathya and avoiding Apathya

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Not AvailableIn present study, an attempt is made to work out the economics of production of tomato under open and protected field condition in Almora and Nainital districts of Uttarakhand. The study is based on primary data of seventy six farmers engaged in vegetable cultivation. Simple tabular analysis and standard cost concept was used to work out the cost of cultivation. The study revealed that the total cost of cultivation of tomato under open and protected field condition was ` 1,36,250 and ` 4,01,743 per hectare and gross return was ` 1,81,500 and ` 8,66,250 per hectare respectively. The outputinput relationship for tomato was 1.3 and 2.2 at cost 'C' under open and protected field conditions was respectively. In order to find suitability of poly-houses for cultivation of tomato, economic indicators such as net present value, benefit cost ratio and pay back period were also calculatedNot Availabl

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Not AvailableThe potential for application of ICT in the agriculture sector is high. The new tools and techniques are evolving and the implications of that are clearly visible at the global scale. But the level of penetration of ICT is very low in India since the rural masses are not aware of the new innovations. Towards this, an initiative by the Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan (V.P.K.A.S.) on use of ICT for the delivery of Agriculture related services through toll free "Krishak Helpline Seva" made very significant leaps. The present study was undertaken at V.P.K.A.S., Almora. The documented record of frequently asked questions (FAQs) in Krishak Helpline Seva by the farmers from 2005–2010 were compiled to know the major agricultural problems faced by the farmers. On the basis of FAQs a model on "Dissemination of information to farmers" was developedNot Availabl

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Not AvailableRegenarating local resources is crucial if resource poor farmers are to boost crop production and improve their livelihoods. they need simple technologies and practical farming methods which are durable and sustainable. At the Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture to India Researchers are developing systems that use indigenous knowledge to revitalise and regenerate farm soils.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA Study was conducted during 2012-14 to quantify root and shoot biomass of 2 cultivars each of 8 rainfed crops (sorghum, greengram, sunflower, maize, castor, pigeonpea, cowpea and horsegram), to determine their biochemical composition and to examine their decomposition behavior in soil. Root biomass of all the crops and cultivars was lower than the respective shoot biomass. Roots accounted for 12.07% (Horsegram, CRHG 4) to 35.26% (Maize, DHM 117) of the total plant biomass. Root biomass (averaged over cultivars) varied widely with crops, ranging from as low as 5.24 g/plant (Horsegram) to as high as 158.23 g/plant (Pigeonpea) and was in the order pigeonpea > sorghum > maize > castor > sunflower > cowpea > greengram > horsegram. Shoot:root ratios ranged from 1.84 (Maize, DHM 117) to 7.29 (Horsegram, CRHG 4). There were marked differences in shoot:root ratios among crops and even cultivars within crops. Biochemical analysis revealed that cell wall was the dominant fraction of the plant tissue accounting for up to 3/4th of the tissue. Regardless of crop or cultivar, roots had lower soluble cell contents and higher cell wall contents than shoots. Averaged across crops and cultivars, lignin content of roots was 13.76% as against 8.38% for shoots. Crops differed significantly in the lignin content of their roots, which ranged from 8.25% in maize to 19.15% in pigeonpea. The dicots with taproot systems (castor, sunflower, greengram, cowpea, horsegram, pigeonpea) had higher lignin content than the monocots with fibrous root systems (maize, sorghum). Lignin/N ratios of roots were 2-3 times higher than those of shoots. Patterns of carbon mineralization of roots and shoots were exponential in nature, being faster in the initial stages and slowing down over time. Regardless of crops and cultivars, roots exhibited distinctly slower carbon mineralization than corresponding shoots. Averaged across crops and cultivars, per cent C mineralized in 120 days was 37.35% in roots as against 50.22% in shoots. Lignin content (r = -0.684 * *) and lignin/N ratio (r = -0.636 * *) had a highly significant negative relationship with % C mineralizedNot Availabl

Method Development and Validation of Latanoprost by using RP-HPLC in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Chromatography was performed with a mobile phase containing a methanol of assay (99.8%) with flow rate of 1ml/min. Quantitation was accomplished with an internal standard method. The procedure was validated for linearity (correlation coefficient = 0.990), accuracy and Limit of detection (LOD) intraday precision. To test validation of the Latanoprost three factors were considered as linearity, precision, LOD where mobile phase, flowrate and pressure are respectively selected as methanol, 1 ml/min, 1600 pascals

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