36 research outputs found
HI in the Outskirts of Nearby Galaxies
The HI in disk galaxies frequently extends beyond the optical image, and can
trace the dark matter there. I briefly highlight the history of high spatial
resolution HI imaging, the contribution it made to the dark matter problem, and
the current tension between several dynamical methods to break the disk-halo
degeneracy. I then turn to the flaring problem, which could in principle probe
the shape of the dark halo. Instead, however, a lot of attention is now devoted
to understanding the role of gas accretion via galactic fountains. The current
cold dark matter theory has problems on galactic scales, such as
the core-cusp problem, which can be addressed with HI observations of dwarf
galaxies. For a similar range in rotation velocities, galaxies of type Sd have
thin disks, while those of type Im are much thicker. After a few comments on
modified Newtonian dynamics and on irregular galaxies, I close with statistics
on the HI extent of galaxies.Comment: 38 pages, 17 figures, invited review, book chapter in "Outskirts of
Galaxies", Eds. J. H. Knapen, J. C. Lee and A. Gil de Paz, Astrophysics and
Space Science Library, Springer, in pres
Obesity treatmentâmore than food and exercise: a qualitative study exploring obese adolescents' and their parents' views on the former's obesity
The aim of this study was to explore obese adolescentsâ and their parentsâ views on the former's obesity; especially to gain knowledge about barriers and motivational factors that influence obese adolescentsâ ability to lose weight. This is a qualitative study involving field observation and semi-structured interviews with obese adolescents and their parents. The analysis takes a phenomenologicalâhermeneutic approach. Fifteen obese adolescents aged 13â16 years and their parents/grandparents participated in this study (one father, seven mothers, five sets of parents and two sets of grandparents). The results showed that obese adolescentsâ are aware that they have unhealthy eating habits and they wish they were able to attain to a healthier diet. Although in poor physical shape, obese adolescents perceive their daily level of exercise as moderate. Obese adolescents blame themselves for being obese and blame their parents for an unhealthy diet, and for being unsupportive regarding exercise. Parents blame their obese child of lacking will power to change eating and exercise habits. As a consequence, the homely atmosphere is often characterised by quarrels and negative feelings. The conclusion is that despite obese adolescentsâ intention of reducing weight, underlying issues interfere with this goal. This is particularly related to quarrels with parents, self-blame and misguided understanding of eating and exercising habits. These matters need to be addressed when treating obesity among adolescents
Parasitismo de Gallus Gallus (Linnaeus, 1758) por espécies de Phthiraptera em criaçÔes coloniais na região sul do Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil
Aqueous oxygen peroxide treatment of VLUs in a primary care-based randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
On a Continuous Degree of Satisfaction of Temporal Logic Formulae with Applications to Systems Biology
Abstract. Finding mathematical models satisfying a specification built from the formalization of biological experiments, is a common task of the modeller that techniques like model-checking help solving, in the qualitative but also in the quantitative case. In this article we propose to go one step further by defining a continuous degree of satisfaction of a temporal logic formula with constraints. We show how such a satisfaction measure can be used as a fitness function with state-of-the-art search methods in order to find biochemical kinetic parameter values satisfying a set of biological properties formalized in temporal logic. We also show how it can be used to define a measure of robustness of a biological model with respect to some specification. These methods are evaluated on models of the cell cycle and of the MAPK signalling cascade.