64 research outputs found
Clustering and Bootstrapping Based Framework for News Knowledge Base Completion
Extracting the facts, namely entities and relations, from unstructured sources is an essential step in any knowledge base construction. At the same time, it is also necessary to ensure the completeness of the knowledge base by incrementally extracting the new facts from various sources. To date, the knowledge base completion is studied as a problem of knowledge refinement where the missing facts are inferred by reasoning about the information already present in the knowledge base. However, facts missed while extracting the information from multilingual sources are ignored. Hence, this work proposed a generic framework for knowledge base completion to enrich a knowledge base of crime-related facts extracted from online news articles in the English language, with the facts extracted from low resourced Indian language Hindi news articles. Using the framework, information from any low-resourced language news articles can be extracted without using language-specific tools like POS tags and using an appropriate machine translation tool. To achieve this, a clustering algorithm is proposed, which explores the redundancy among the bilingual collection of news articles by representing the clusters with knowledge base facts unlike the existing Bag of Words representation. From each cluster, the facts extracted from English language articles are bootstrapped to extract the facts from comparable Hindi language articles. This way of bootstrapping within the cluster helps to identify the sentences from a low-resourced language that are enriched with new information related to the facts extracted from a high-resourced language like English. The empirical result shows that the proposed clustering algorithm produced more accurate and high-quality clusters for monolingual and cross-lingual facts, respectively. Experiments also proved that the proposed framework achieves a high recall rate in extracting the new facts from Hindi news articles
Reply to Comment on ``Two-dimensional charged-exciton complexes''
We respond to criticisms raised by K. Varga (cond-mat/9802262) and reaffirm
that the results in our original paper obtained using a two-body analytical
method remains valid within the framework of an effective excitonic composite
model. The conceptual model of the excitonic systems as well as the numerical
method based on variational functions utilized by Varga differ significantly
from ours. Hence comparison of binding energies of the charged-biexciton
remains questionable. In this reply, we discuss the shortcomings of modelling
the charged-biexciton as a five-body system and treating excitonic complexes as
atomic systems, as done in Varga's Comment.Comment: 3 pages, no figure
Genetic characterization of Barbari goats using microsatellite markers
Genetic variation in Barbari goats, a highly prolific breed distributed widely in the northern part of India, known for better milk and meat quality, was studied as a part of genetic characterization and conservation. The genomic DNA from 50 unrelated Barbari goats were amplified via PCR with a panel of 21 microsatellite markers, and resolved through 6 per cent denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. The number of alleles ranged from 4 to 11, with allele sizes ranging from 88 to 220 bp. The distribution of allele frequencies was between 0.0104 and 0.5208. Polymorphism information content varied from 0.5563 to 0.8348. The population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all except two microsatellite loci (ILSTS044 and ILSTS060). The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.8478 to 1.0000 while the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.6208 to 0.8509. Based on the results of the present study, there is a good scope for exploiting the genetic variability in the Barbari goats for further improvement of performance
Theory of neutral and charged exciton scattering with electrons in semiconductor quantum wells
Electron scattering on both neutral () and charged () excitons in
quantum wells is studied theoretically. A microscopic model is presented,
taking into account both elastic and dissociating scattering. The model is
based on calculating the exciton-electron direct and exchange interaction
matrix elements, from which we derive the exciton scattering rates. We find
that for an electron density of in a GaAs QW at ,
the linewidth due to electron scattering is roughly twice as large as
that of the neutral exciton. This reflects both the larger interaction
matrix elements compared with those of , and their different dependence on
the transferred momentum. Calculated reflection spectra can then be obtained by
considering the three electronic excitations of the system, namely, the
heavy-hole and light-hole 1S neutral excitons, and the heavy-hole 1S charged
exciton, with the appropriate oscillator strengths.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figure
Suitability of point kernel dose calculation techniques in brachytherapy treatment planning
Brachytherapy treatment planning system (TPS) is necessary to estimate the dose to target volume and organ at risk (OAR). TPS is always recommended to account for the effect of tissue, applicator and shielding material heterogeneities exist in applicators. However, most brachytherapy TPS software packages estimate the absorbed dose at a point, taking care of only the contributions of individual sources and the source distribution, neglecting the dose perturbations arising from the applicator design and construction. There are some degrees of uncertainties in dose rate estimations under realistic clinical conditions. In this regard, an attempt is made to explore the suitability of point kernels for brachytherapy dose rate calculations and develop new interactive brachytherapy package, named as BrachyTPS, to suit the clinical conditions. BrachyTPS is an interactive point kernel code package developed to perform independent dose rate calculations by taking into account the effect of these heterogeneities, using two regions build up factors, proposed by Kalos. The primary aim of this study is to validate the developed point kernel code package integrated with treatment planning computational systems against the Monte Carlo (MC) results. In the present work, three brachytherapy applicators commonly used in the treatment of uterine cervical carcinoma, namely (i) Board of Radiation Isotope and Technology (BRIT) low dose rate (LDR) applicator and (ii) Fletcher Green type LDR applicator (iii) Fletcher Williamson high dose rate (HDR) applicator, are studied to test the accuracy of the software. Dose rates computed using the developed code are compared with the relevant results of the MC simulations. Further, attempts are also made to study the dose rate distribution around the commercially available shielded vaginal applicator set (Nucletron). The percentage deviations of BrachyTPS computed dose rate values from the MC results are observed to be within plus/minus 5.5% for BRIT LDR applicator, found to vary from 2.6 to 5.1% for Fletcher green type LDR applicator and are up to -4.7% for Fletcher-Williamson HDR applicator. The isodose distribution plots also show good agreements with the results of previous literatures. The isodose distributions around the shielded vaginal cylinder computed using BrachyTPS code show better agreement (less than two per cent deviation) with MC results in the unshielded region compared to shielded region, where the deviations are observed up to five per cent. The present study implies that the accurate and fast validation of complicated treatment planning calculations is possible with the point kernel code package
Marriage Customs of Kongu Vellalar's
The Kongu Vellalar were of great assistance to the king by being in various positions and ranks in the army. They also got the title ‘Kamindan' from the ding for their meritorious service and loyalty. Late the title got modified as Counden'. Certain rules and procedures were put in place to help the boy and girl live together more smoothly. Certain rules' processes and customs evolved into 'rites.' Marriage is the combined execution of all ceremonies in a sequence termed marriage. All ceremonies linked with KonguVellalar marriage are done by 'arumaikaarar' arumaikaari, naavidhan (Barbar), washing man (vannaan), and others intimately associated with the occupation of KonguVellalaGounders. The KonguVellalar marriage is similar to the Aryan 'prajaapathyam' type marriage. In a KonguVellalar marriage, the bridegroom's family visits the bride's home to propose the marriage and seek the bride's family's approval for the match. The marriage takes happens once the bride's family gives their assent
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