CALCULATION OF THERMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALLOYS CONTAINING RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

A series of experiments was carried out to obtain samples of Al-REM and Mg-REM al-loys with different REM content. Thermodynamic characteristics of the reactions of alloy formation is estimated. The packing factor and the dissociation energy of the metal compo-nent per unit volume are calculated

DETERMINATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ASH USING X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS

A method has been developed for the determination of 11 microcomponents in ash. This technique allows you to determine the content of residual carbon in ash, which allows you to determine the degree of efficiency of coal combustion

SYNTHESIS OF CERIUM GROUP REE ALUMINIUM-BASED ALLOYS

The exchange reaction between aluminum metal and lahthanum, cerium and neodymium fluoride is proposed for REE-Al master alloy synthesis. Thermodynamic analysis of such reaction was performed. The structure and the chemical composition on the synthesized alloys with different REE concentration was investigated.The study was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation within the framework of subsidizing agreement of September 29, 2014 (no. 14.581.21.0002, unique agreement identifier RFMEFI58114X0002) of the Federal Target Program “Research and Development in Priority Directions of the Progress of the Scientific and Technological Complex of Russia for the Years 2014–2020.

Design and in vitro studies of a needle-type glucose sensor for subcutaneous monitoring

International audienceA new miniaturized glucose oxidase based needle-type glu¬ cose mlcrosensor has been developed for subcutaneous glu¬ cose monitoring. The sensor Is equivalent In shape and size to a 26-gauge needle (0.45-mm o.d.) and can be Implanted with ease without any Incision. The novel configuration greatly facilitates the deposition of enzyme and polymer films so that sensors with characteristics suitable for In vivo use (upper limit of linear range > 15 mM, response time 60%). The sensor response is largely Independent of ox¬ ygen tension In the normal physiological range. It also ex¬ hibits good selectivity against common interferences except for the exogenous drug acetaminophen

CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF YEP-823 TYPE STEEL IN URANIUM CONTAINING CHLORIDE MELTS

Corrosion of YeP-823 type steel in the melts based on LiCl and 3LiCl–2KCl containing uranium chloride was studied at 500 and 650 oC. Corrosion rates and mechanism, structural changes in the material studied were determined

Glutathione-Related Antioxidant Defense System in Elderly Patients Treated for Hypertension

The purpose of this study was to analyze glutathione antioxidant defense system in elderly patients treated for hypertension. Studies were carried out in the blood collected from 18 hypertensive and 15 age- and sex-matched controls, all subjects age over 60. Hypertensives were on their usual antihypertensive treatment at the time of blood collection. The concentration of glutathione (GSH) in whole blood and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1), glutathione transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR) in erythrocytes were measured. The data from patients and controls were compared using independent-samples t test. P value of 0.05 and less was considered statistically significant. We observed increased glutathione-related antioxidant defense in treated hypertensive elderly patients (HT) when compared with healthy controls (C). Mean GSH concentration was significantly higher in HT when compared with C: 3.1 ± 0.29 and 2.6 ± 0.25 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.001. Mean activity of GR was significantly higher in HT group if compared with C: 83.4 ± 15.25 U/g Hb versus 64.2 ± 8.26 U/g Hb, respectively, P < 0.001. Mean activity of GST was significantly higher in HT group compared with C: 3.0 ± 0.60 mmol CDNB-GSH/mgHb/min and 2.6 ± 0.36 mmol CDNB-GSH/mgHb/min, respectively, P < 0.05. No difference in GPx activity was observed between two groups. These results show that glutathione-related antioxidant defense system was enhanced in elderly hypertensive patients treated for their conditions. This suggests important role of glutathione system in blood pressure regulation. Alterations in concentration and activity of antioxidants observed during antihypertensive medication are likely to be related to the effect of the treatment on NO bioavailability

SYNTHESIS OF ALUMINIUM-BASED ALLOYS WITH CERIUM GROUP RARE EARTH METALS

The exchange reaction between aluminum metal and lahthanum, cerium and neodymium fluoride is proposed for REE-Al master alloy synthesis. Thermodynamic analysis of such reaction was performed. The structure and the chemical composition on the synthesized alloys with different REE concentration was investigated

EFFECT OF ZINC ON THE CORROSION OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS IN CHLORIDE MELTS CONTAINING URANIUM

Corrosion resistance of ferritic-martensitic 16Kh12MVSFBR steel was studied in fused KCl–LiCl mixtures containing uranium(III) chloride in the presence of metallic zinc. The rate and the mechanism of the corrosion of the material studied were determined. The processes taking place during the interaction between the steel and the melt and zinc were investigated

Low levels of vitamin C in dialysis patients is associated with decreased prealbumin and increased C-reactive protein

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Subclinical inflammation is a common phenomenon in patients on either continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) or maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). We hypothesized that vitamin C had anti-inflammation effect because of its electron offering ability. The current study was designed to test the relationship of plasma vitamin C level and some inflammatory markers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this cross-sectional study, 284 dialysis patients were recruited, including 117 MHD and 167 CAPD patients. The demographics were recorded. Plasma vitamin C was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. And we also measured body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight/height²), Kt/V, serum albumin, serum prealbumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), ferritin, hemoglobin. The relationships between vitamin C and albumin, pre-albumin and hsCRP levels were tested by Spearman correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.</p> <p>Patients were classified into three subgroups by vitamin C level according to previous recommendation <abbrgrp><abbr bid="B1">1</abbr><abbr bid="B2">2</abbr></abbrgrp> in MHD and CAPD patients respectively: group A: < 2 ug/ml (< 11.4 umol/l, deficiency), group B: 2-4 ug/ml (11.4-22.8 umol/l, insufficiency) and group C: > 4 ug/ml (> 22.8 umol/l, normal and above).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Patients showed a widely distribution of plasma vitamin C levels in the total 284 dialysis patients. Vitamin C deficiency (< 2 ug/ml) was present in 95(33.45%) and insufficiency (2-4 ug/ml) in 88(30.99%). 73(25.70%) patients had plasma vitamin C levels within normal range (4-14 ug/ml) and 28(9.86%) at higher than normal levels (> 14 ug/ml). The similar proportion of different vitamin C levels was found in both MHD and CAPD groups.</p> <p>Plasma vitamin C level was inversely associated with hsCRP concentration (Spearman r = -0.201, P = 0.001) and positively associated with prealbumin (Spearman r = 0.268, P < 0.001), albumin levels (Spearman r = 0.161, P = 0.007). In multiple linear regression analysis, plasma vitamin C level was inversely associated with log₁₀hsCRP (P = 0.048) and positively with prealbumin levels (P = 0.002) adjusted for gender, age, diabetes, modality of dialysis and some other confounding effects.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The investigation indicates that vitamin C deficiency is common in both MHD patients and CAPD patients. Plasma vitamin C level is positively associated with serum prealbumin level and negatively associated with hsCRP level in both groups. Vitamin C deficiency may play an important role in the increased inflammatory status in dialysis patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether inflammatory status in dialysis patients can be improved by using vitamin C supplements.</p