324 research outputs found
A tuberculosis prevalence survey based on symptoms questioning and sputum examination
A sample survey was undertaken in Raichur district of Karnataka State to estimate the prevalence of bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis among symptomatics aged 15 years and above. A population of 72,448 persons was registered in a representative sample of 57 villages and 21 enumeration blocks. Of the 42,580 persons aged 15 years and above eligible for symptoms questioning, 40,657 (95.5%) were examined and 3,846 (9.5%) were found to be symptomatics and eligible for sputum examination. Sputum was collected from 3,685 (95.8%) of the 3,846 symptomatics, and subjected to bacteriological examination i.e., smear, culture and drug susceptibility. Certain important findings were as follows: (i) the number of symptomatics increased with increase in age, more often among males (11.9%) than among females (7.1%), (ii) the prevalence of tuberculosis, as assessed by smear and/or culture was 10.9 per 1,000 in population aged 15 years and above, (iii) the prevalence increased with age and was 3 times higher among males as compared to females, (iv) cough was found to be the predominant symptom among the symptomatics (87%) as well as among the cases detected (92%), (v) the prevalence rate based on smear examination of the sputum specimens, using the two microscopy methods (Ziehl-Neelsen and Fluorescence) was 7.6 per 1,000, (vi) culture examination of these specimens yielded 3.3 per 1,100 additional cases, (vii) both the microscopy methods were equally efficient in detecting smear positives, (vii) of the 355 culture positive cases, 17.7% were resistant to Streptomycin, 29.6% to Isoniazid and 7.6% to Rifampicin either alone or in combination with other drugs
First measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in NOvA
This paper reports the first measurement using the NOvA detectors of nu(mu) disappearance in a nu(mu) beam. The analysis uses a 14 kton-equivalent exposure of 2.74 x 10(20) protons-on-target from the Fermilab NuMI beam. Assuming the normal neutrino mass hierarchy, we measure Delta m(32)(2) = (2.52(-0.18)(+0.20)) x 10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2) theta(23) in the range 0.38-0.65, both at the 68% confidence level, with two statistically degenerate best-fit points at sin(2) theta(23) = 0.43 and 0.60. Results for the inverted mass hierarchy are also presented
Mass Dependence of M3Y-Type Interactions and the Effects of Tensor Correlations
The mass dependence of the M3Y-type effective interactions and the effects of
tensor correlations are examined. Two-body nuclear matrix elements are obtained
by the lowest order constrained variational (LOCV) technique with and without
tensor correlations. We have found that the tensor correlations are important
especially in the triplet-even (TE) and tensor-even (TNE) channels in order to
reproduce the G-matrix elements obtained previously. Then M3Y-type potentials
for inelastic scattering are obtained by fitting our two-body matrix elements
to those of a sum of Yukawa functions for the mass numbers A=24, A=40 and A=90.Comment: 13 pages, 6 table
The MINERA Data Acquisition System and Infrastructure
MINERA (Main INjector ExpeRiment -A) is a new few-GeV neutrino
cross section experiment that began taking data in the FNAL NuMI (Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory Neutrinos at the Main Injector) beam-line in
March of 2010. MINERA employs a fine-grained scintillator detector capable
of complete kinematic characterization of neutrino interactions. This paper
describes the MINERA data acquisition system (DAQ) including the read-out
electronics, software, and computing architecture.Comment: 34 pages, 16 figure
Single neutral pion production by charged-current interactions on hydrocarbon at 3.6 GeV
Single neutral pion production via muon antineutrino charged-current
interactions in plastic scintillator (CH) is studied using the \minerva
detector exposed to the NuMI low-energy, wideband antineutrino beam at
Fermilab. Measurement of this process constrains models of neutral pion
production in nuclei, which is important because the neutral-current analog is
a background for appearance oscillation experiments. The
differential cross sections for momentum and production angle, for
events with a single observed and no charged pions, are presented and
compared to model predictions. These results comprise the first measurement of
the kinematics for this process.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physics Letters
Measurement of Partonic Nuclear Effects in Deep-Inelastic Neutrino Scattering using MINERvA
The MINERvA collaboration reports a novel study of neutrino-nucleus
charged-current deep inelastic scattering (DIS) using the same neutrino beam
incident on targets of polystyrene, graphite, iron, and lead. Results are
presented as ratios of C, Fe, and Pb to CH. The ratios of total DIS cross
sections as a function of neutrino energy and flux-integrated differential
cross sections as a function of the Bjorken scaling variable x are presented in
the neutrino-energy range of 5 - 50 GeV. Good agreement is found between the
data and predicted ratios, based on charged-lepton nucleus scattering, at
medium x and low neutrino energies. However, the data rate appears depleted in
the vicinity of the nuclear shadowing region, x < 0.1. This apparent deficit,
reflected in the DIS cross-section ratio at high neutrino energy , is
consistent with previous MINERvA observations and with the predicted onset of
nuclear shadowing with the the axial-vector current in neutrino scattering
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