51,886 research outputs found
Limits from Weak Gravity Conjecture on Dark Energy Models
The weak gravity conjecture has been proposed as a criterion to distinguish
the landscape from the swampland in string theory. As an application in
cosmology of this conjecture, we use it to impose theoretical constraint on
parameters of two types of dark energy models. Our analysis indicates that the
Chaplygin-gas-type models realized in quintessence field are in the swampland,
whereas the power-low decay model of the variable cosmological constant can
be viable but the parameters are tightly constrained by the conjecture.Comment: Revtex4, 8 pages, 5 figures; References, minor corrections in
content, and acknowledgement adde
Agegraphic Chaplygin gas model of dark energy
We establish a connection between the agegraphic models of dark energy and
Chaplygin gas energy density in non-flat universe. We reconstruct the potential
of the agegraphic scalar field as well as the dynamics of the scalar field
according to the evolution of the agegraphic dark energy. We also extend our
study to the interacting agegraphic generalized Chaplygin gas dark energy
model.Comment: 8 page
The trispectrum in ghost inflation
We calculate the trispectrum in ghost inflation where both the contact
diagram and scale-exchange diagram are taken into account. The shape of
trispectrum is discussed carefully and we find that the local form is absent in
ghost inflation. In general, for the non-local shape trispectrum there are not
analogous parameters to and which can
completely characterize the size of local form trispectrum.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures; clarifications and corrections added, version
accepted for publication in JCA
Interacting non-minimally coupled canonical, phantom and quintom models of holographic dark energy in non-flat universe
Motivated by our recent work \cite{set1}, we generalize this work to the
interacting non-flat case. Therefore in this paper we deal with canonical,
phantom and quintom models, with the various fields being non-minimally coupled
to gravity, within the framework of interacting holographic dark energy. We
employ the holographic model of interacting dark energy to obtain the equation
of state for the holographic energy density in non-flat (closed) universe
enclosed by the event horizon measured from the sphere of horizon named .Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in IJMPD (2010
Observational constraints on patch inflation in noncommutative spacetime
We study constraints on a number of patch inflationary models in
noncommutative spacetime using a compilation of recent high-precision
observational data. In particular, the four-dimensional General Relativistic
(GR) case, the Randall-Sundrum (RS) and Gauss-Bonnet (GB) braneworld scenarios
are investigated by extending previous commutative analyses to the infrared
limit of a maximally symmetric realization of the stringy uncertainty
principle. The effect of spacetime noncommutativity modifies the standard
consistency relation between the tensor spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar
ratio. We perform likelihood analyses in terms of inflationary observables
using new consistency relations and confront them with large-field inflationary
models with potential V \propto \vp^p in two classes of noncommutative
scenarios. We find a number of interesting results: (i) the quartic potential
(p=4) is rescued from marginal rejection in the class 2 GR case, and (ii) steep
inflation driven by an exponential potential (p \to \infty) is allowed in the
class 1 RS case. Spacetime noncommutativity can lead to blue-tilted scalar and
tensor spectra even for monomial potentials, thus opening up a possibility to
explain the loss of power observed in the cosmic microwave background
anisotropies. We also explore patch inflation with a Dirac-Born-Infeld tachyon
field and explicitly show that the associated likelihood analysis is equivalent
to the one in the ordinary scalar field case by using horizon-flow parameters.
It turns out that tachyon inflation is compatible with observations in all
patch cosmologies even for large p.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures; v2: updated references, minor corrections to
match the Phys. Rev. D versio
Multipole polarizability of a graded spherical particle
We have studied the multipole polarizability of a graded spherical particle
in a nonuniform electric field, in which the conductivity can vary radially
inside the particle. The main objective of this work is to access the effects
of multipole interactions at small interparticle separations, which can be
important in non-dilute suspensions of functionally graded materials. The
nonuniform electric field arises either from that applied on the particle or
from the local field of all other particles. We developed a differential
effective multipole moment approximation (DEMMA) to compute the multipole
moment of a graded spherical particle in a nonuniform external field. Moreover,
we compare the DEMMA results with the exact results of the power-law graded
profile and the agreement is excellent. The extension to anisotropic DEMMA will
be studied in an Appendix.Comment: LaTeX format, 2 eps figures, submitted for publication
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Nanoindentation Of Si Nanostructures: Buckling And Friction At Nanoscales
A nanoindentation system was employed to characterize mechanical properties of silicon nanolines (SiNLs), which were fabricated by an anisotropic wet etching (AWE) process. The SiNLs had the linewidth ranging from 24 nm to 90 nm, having smooth and vertical sidewalls and the aspect ratio (height/linewidth) from 7 to 18. During indentation, a buckling instability was observed at a critical load, followed by a displacement burst without a load increase, then a full recovery of displacement upon unloading. This phenomenon was explained by two bucking modes. It was also found that the difference in friction at the contact between the indenter and SiNLs directly affected buckling response of these nanolines. The friction coefficient was estimated to be in a range of 0.02 to 0.05. For experiments with large indentation displacements, irrecoverable indentation displacements were observed due to fracture of Si nanolines, with the strain to failure estimated to be from 3.8% to 9.7%. These observations indicated that the buckling behavior of SiNLs depended on the combined effects of load, line geometry, and the friction at contact. This study demonstrated a valuable approach to fabrication of well-defined Si nanoline structures and the application of the nanoindentation method for investigation of their mechanical properties at the nanoscale.Microelectronics Research Cente
Electronic properties of the novel 4d metallic oxide SrRhO3
The novel 4d perovskite compound SrRhO3 was investigated by isovalent doping
studies. The solubility limits of Ca and Ba onto Sr-site were below 80% and
20%, respectively. Although SrRhO3 was chemically compressed, approximately
5.7% by the Ca doping, no significant influence was observed on the magnetic
and electrical properties.Comment: To be published in a special issue of Physica B (the proceedings of
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