A bi-directional charged particle telescope to observe flux, energy spectrum and angular distribution of relativistic and non-relativistic particles

A Charged Particle Telescope (CPT) was designed, fabricated and calibrated to make the following observations: (1) discrimination between various singly charged particles, e.g., electrons, muons and protons, in about 5 to 100 MeV energy range; (2) measurement of the flux and the energy of the charged particles incident to the telescope from two opposite directions and stopping in the telescope, thus obtaining flux and energy spectrum of downward and upward moving charged particles; and (3) measurement of the broad angular distribution of selected particles as a function of azimuthal angle. This telescope can be used to study low energy electron, muon and proton energy spectra. The experiment was flown in a high altitude balloon from Hyderabad, India, in December 1984. This same equipment is also useful in ground level electron, muon spectrum study

Recovery of Vanadium Pentoxide from Vanadium Bearing Titaniferrous Magnetites Projected Pilot Plant Studies

The treatment of vanadium bearing ores for the recovery of vanadium pentoxide is not new to India. A plant capable of producing 250 lbs. of vanadium pentoxide per day was set up at Jamshedpur during World War II by the Tata Iron & Steel Co. Ltd., but as the demand of ferro-vanadium decreased considerably after the war, the plant had to be shut down. A company was also set up for the extraction of vanadium at Rairangpur during World War II and it is reported that the plant went-into production in September, 1945 and stopped work in April 1946 and has since been lying idle.Various reasons, viz., high cost of production, lack of demand etc. have been assigned for closing down the plant. With the country's industrial development and the establishment of'"the alloy and tool steel industry, as envisaged in the 3rd Five Year Plan, it is anticipated that the demand of ferro-vanadium will increase consid-erably

Gingival Displacements Options in Prosthodontics: A Critical Review on Recent Advances

A plethora of innovations have taken place in impression-making for fixed prosthesis, all with a singular objective to record the finish margins of tooth preparation and the gingival tissues. The gingival displacement temporarily displaces the tissues laterally to adequately record the sub-gingival margins. The purpose of this review is to make an appraisal of the latest advancements in the field of tissue-displacement and analyze their merits and demerits. A conscientious dentist is one with lucid comprehension of concepts, a keen discerning eye on recent developments, well-informed choice of treatment plan, and impeccable execution of the chosen plan

Crystallization and kinetics studies of Ti20Zr20Cu60-xNix (x=10, 20, 30 and 40) metallic glasses

Synthesis and characterization of Ti20Zr20Cu60-xNix (x = 10, 20, 30 and 40) metallic glasses are reported in this paper. Glassy ribbons are produced by rapid quenching using the standard copper wheel roller technique in argon atmosphere. Their structural characterization is carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal behaviour (crystallization) study by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results of XRD on both sides of each ribbon sample confirmed that each sample was indeed amorphous/glassy as only a very broad peak in XRD pattern was observed. Metallic glass Ti20Zr20Cu50Ni10 shows three crystallization peaks in non-isothermal DSC scans while other three samples show only a single crystallization peak. The activation energy of crystallization for each sample has been calculated using three available models, namely, those of Kissinger, Augis-Bennett and Ozawa. All the three models gave nearly similar activation energies for a given sample within 10%

Reduction of spurious velocity in finite difference lattice Boltzmann models for liquid - vapor systems

The origin of the spurious interface velocity in finite difference lattice Boltzmann models for liquid - vapor systems is related to the first order upwind scheme used to compute the space derivatives in the evolution equations. A correction force term is introduced to eliminate the spurious velocity. The correction term helps to recover sharp interfaces and sets the phase diagram close to the one derived using the Maxwell construction.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures (submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics C- Physics and Computers

Current Status of Radioisotope Applications in Defence

Reviews the current status of radioisotope applications in Defence- R&D Establishments, Defence Inspectorates, Ordnance Factories, Public Sector Undertakings under the Defence Ministry, Army, Navy and Air Force Establishments and Military Hospitals. It also lists the users of film badge service in Defence. Training programmes in radioisotope applications in Defence conducted by DRDO organisations have also been highlighted

Study of renal functions in preterm and full term new born in relation to parity of the mother

Background:During the intrauterine life, placenta performs the function of maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and removing harmful waste products. The renal function is related more closely to gestational age, postnatal age and parity of mother. Objective of the study was to study renal functions in preterm and full term new born in relation to the parity of mother (primiparous versus multiparous mother).Methods: The study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2015 on 500 healthy new-borns among them 250 were full term healthy new-borns and 250 were preterm healthy new-borns. They were divided into 3 groups on the basis of gestational age and parity of mother. Relevant investigations were done in all cases enrolled in study:Results:  Out of total 500 new-born 255 (51%) male 245 (49%) female. In both FT and PT new-borns, primigravida child was more dehydrated then multigravida (P- Value<0.001). Mean change in the levels of S. Na, S. urea. S. Cr, BUN Ratio at 72 hours in dehydrated PT (BF) new born was significantly higher than FT (BF) non-dehydrated new born (P-value<0.001).Conclusions: Hypernatremic dehydration is a potentially fatal complication of the failure of establishment of breastfeeding mainly in primigravida so mothers should be highly motivated to breastfeed having either decreased milk production or nipple-related abnormalities that create feeding difficulty and result in inadequate fluid and caloric intake in their infants. Therefore, mothers should be helped and supported to breast feed their infants as soon as possible after delivery.

Genetic transformation of pigeonpea: An overview

Biotechnology over the years has emerged as a promising tool to overcome biotic and abiotic constraints in crop species that lack the required traits for crop improvement through conventional and molecular breeding approaches. New engineering tools are now available not only for single gene traits, but also to engineer multiple genes or plant regulatory machinery for driving the expression of different stress responsive genes. Here, we discuss the recent progress and current status of transgenic technology in pigeonpea towards developing host plant resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses and its use in the improvement of this important pulse crop