Reflecting Theories in Three Themes of Professional Development

There are three themes of professional development will be discussed in this paper; a commitment to professional development, a commitment to collaborative reflection on practice, recognizing context and culture in professional development. All Themes are elaborated respectively and relate the professional development theories to the Indonesian education system, and as a result, develop any potential understanding. All themes seem to support each other. the succeed effort of a teacher will contribute positively to their profession, in collaborative work or in the context and culture. The progress of the teacher professional development should come from the all parties' effort. As we all know that education does not only stand alone but it is strongly influenced by the present context of politics, social, culture, or religious. In, Indonesia the advancement of this sector would strongly rely on government action rather than grassroots or professional organization initiatives. Based on the reflection, the paper proposes narrowing gaps between the universities and the schools. Implementing this direction is believed to some extent would reach certain advancement in teacher professional development in Indonesia

Student Assessment And Misconceptions Of Photosynthesis: A Notion Of Shifting Perspective

Photosynthesis topic is as a compulsory topic ineducation typically in the second year of secondary high school. There is perception of some students that the photosynthesis topic is difficult to learn by student. This paper will clarify questions such as what assessment does mean, what student misconceptions in photosynthesis are, how teachers deal with student misconceptions, and last, why do teachers, school and curriculum need to change perspective in assessment. Based on the discussion, there are some parts that need to be reaffirmed. The teachers should not just recognize assessment as a formal paper, but in term of perspective and classroom instruction. It should be actualized in teaching-learning that there is no judgement of right and wrong for students in leaning.  Thus, dealing with student conception could be difficult for the teacher. The principal way is the teacher needs to be clear on the topic's planning and negotiate the meaning of all representations used in the classroom. Changing the type of assessments does not just simply mean changing teaching strategies or having appropriate types of assessment tool, but it could be a powerful source when it is integrated in the curriculum

Poverty Trends and Growth Performance: Some Issues in Bangladesh

With a low level of per capita income, nearly one of every two persons in Bangladesh is poor, and one of three lives below the income poverty line of $ 1 a day.1 If those who are deprived of adequate clothing or shelter or other basic needs are counted, the number will be considerably higher. Similarly, if the people who live ‘above’ the poverty line but are vulnerable to risks, crisis and socioecononomic shocks and are in constant danger of income erosion below the poverty threshold are considered, the number will be still larger. The poor in Bangladesh differ in economic, social, physical and other characteristics which reflect various deprivations. Such multidimensionality of the poor’s interlocking deprivations suggests that a strategy of increasing income alone may not be adequate for reducing poverty.2 With multi-dimensional characteristics, poverty requires a multi-strategy solution in Bangladesh. The implications of attacking poverty within a broad framework highlight the interactions that exist between income and non-income deprivations. The reduction in income-poverty helps in alleviating non-income poverty through enhanced capacity of the poor to gain access to basic needs.

The Market Performance of Initial Public Offerings in the Istanbul Stock Exchange

This study examines the long-standing IPO performance in the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) by using new factors such as source of shares (new issue or sale of large shareholders), allocation of shares and dispersion of investors as well as existing factors such as market conditions (hot/cold), underwriters’ reputation, and firm characteristics (firm size, E/P, and B/M ratios) in the period of 1990-2000. Our results differ from the previous studies at least three ways. First, the magnitude of underpricing is significantly lower, while underperformance is higher than those of in other studies. Our strong evidence supports the existence of the underpricing by positive initial excess returns (5.94%) and the long-term underperformance up to three-year holding period (-84.5%) in the ISE. Second, underperformance starts much earlier than in other markets i.e. at the end of first month following the IPO because of myopic behavior of investors seeking short-term returns. Third, the underperformance disappears for IPOs made in a cold market, and those made through the sale of large shareholders. Allocation of shares in an IPO and firm size also impact after-market performance of sharesInitial Public Offerings, Underperformance, Underpricing, Market Efficiency, Emerging Markets

Preparation and characterization of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles By Sol-Gel method

The magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and annealed under vacuum at different temperature. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared via sol-gel assisted method and annealed at 200-400ºC were characterized by Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction spectra (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The XRD result indicate the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and the Scherer`s Formula calculated the mean particles size in range of 2-25 nm. The FESEM result shows that the morphologies of the particles annealed at 400ºC are more spherical and partially agglomerated, while the EDS result indicates the presence of Fe3O4 by showing Fe-O group of elements. AFM analyzed the 3D and roughness of the sample; the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have a minimum diameter of 79.04 nm, which is in agreement with FESEM result. In many cases, the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using FeCl3 and FeCl2 has not been achieved, according to some literatures, but this research was able to obtained Fe3O4 nanoparticles base on the characterization results

Susceptibilities and speed of sound from PNJL model

We present the Taylor expansion coefficients of the pressure in quark number chemical potential $\mu_0=\mu_B / 3=\mu_u=\mu_d$, for the strongly interacting matter as described by the PNJL model for two light degenerate flavours of quarks u and d. The expansion has been done upto eighth order in $\mu_0$, and the results are consistent with recent estimates from Lattice. We have further obtained the specific heat $C_V$, squared speed of sound $v_s^2$ and the conformal measure \cC.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, References added, some discussions on Fig. 4 modified, one table added, results unchanged, version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Quicklook Air Mobility Modeling

This research is a framework for understanding issues in modeling the military aspect of space, with particular regard to capturing its value. Space power is a difficult and far-reaching topic, with implications that go beyond the military aspects. The United States military increasingly relies on space-based systems and information for success in daily operations. Telecommunications, navigation and timing, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and weather prediction are instances of services that have become dependent on satellite systems. If this reliance on space is not fully understood, U.S. national security will be at risk as the result of space information degradation or denial. This research effort attempts to break new ground in organizing the interactions and interdependencies among space doctrine, space systems, system owner/operators, and space-based information users. An illustrative example, using GPS, is then examined to explore the approach. Analysis of GPS as it affects JDAM accuracy is modeled using the GPS Interference And Navigation Tool (GIANT)