5,403 research outputs found
Quantization and simulation of Born-Infeld non-linear electrodynamics on a lattice
Born-Infeld non-linear electrodynamics arises naturally as a field theory
description of the dynamics of strings and branes. Most analyses of this theory
have been limited to studying it as a classical field theory. We quantize this
theory on a Euclidean 4-dimensional space-time lattice and determine its
properties using Monte-Carlo simulations. The electromagnetic field around a
static point charge is measured using Luscher-Weisz methods to overcome the
sign problem associated with the introduction of this charge. The D field
appears identical to that of Maxwell QED. However, the E field is enhanced by
quantum fluctuations, while still showing the short distance screening observed
in the classical theory. In addition, whereas for the classical theory, the
screening increases without bound as the non-linearity increases, the quantum
theory approaches a limiting conformal field theory.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures. Latex with postscript figure
Dynamics of the Born-Infeld dyons
The approach to the dynamics of a charged particle in the Born-Infeld
nonlinear electrodynamics developed in [Phys. Lett. A 240 (1998) 8] is
generalized to include a Born-Infeld dyon. Both Hamiltonian and Lagrangian
structures of many dyons interacting with nonlinear electromagnetism are
constructed. All results are manifestly duality invariant.Comment: 11 pages, LATE
Nonperturbative calculation of Born-Infeld effects on the Schroedinger spectrum of the hydrogen atom
We present the first nonperturbative numerical calculations of the
nonrelativistic hydrogen spectrum as predicted by first-quantized
electrodynamics with nonlinear Maxwell-Born-Infeld field equations. We also
show rigorous upper and lower bounds on the ground state.
When judged against empirical data our results significantly restrict the
range of viable values of the new electromagnetic constant which is introduced
by the Born-Infeld theory.
We assess Born's own proposal for the value of his constant.Comment: 4p., 2 figs, 1 table; submitted for publicatio
Superconductivity in Boron under pressure - why are the measured T's so low?
Using the full potential linear muffin-tin orbitals (FP-LMTO) method we
examine the pressure-dependence of superconductivity in the two metallic phases
of Boron: bct and fcc. Linear response calculations are carried out to examine
the phonon frequencies and electron-phonon coupling for various lattice
parameters, and superconducting transition temperatures are obtained from the
Eliashberg equation. In both bct and fcc phases the superconducting transition
temperature T is found to decrease with increasing pressure, due to
stiffening of phonons with an accompanying decrease in electron-phonon
coupling. This is in contrast to a recent report, where T is found to
increase with pressure. Even more drastic is the difference between the
measured T, in the range 4-11 K, and the calculated values for both bct and
fcc phases, in the range 60-100 K. The calculation reveals that the transition
from the fcc to bct phase, as a result of increasing volume or decreasing
pressure, is caused by the softening of the X-point transverse phonons. This
phonon softening also causes large electron-phonon coupling for high volumes in
the fcc phase, resulting in coupling constants in excess of 2.5 and T
nearing 100 K. We discuss possible causes as to why the experiment might have
revealed T's much lower than what is suggested by the present study. The
main assertion of this paper is that the possibility of high T, in excess
of 50 K, in high pressure pure metallic phases of boron cannot be ruled out,
thus substantiating the need for further experimental investigations of the
superconducting properties of high pressure pure phases of boron.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 1 Tabl
Einstein-Born-Infeld on Taub-NUT Spacetime in 2k+2 Dimensions
We wish to construct solutions of Taub-NUT spacetime in Einstein-Born-Infeld
gravity in even dimensions. Since Born-Infeld theory is a nonlinear
electrodynamics theory, in leads to nonlinear differential equations. However a
proper analytical solution was not obtain, we try to solve it numerically (by
the Runge-Kotta method) with initial conditions coinciding with those of our
previous work in Einstein-Maxwell gravity. We solve equations for 4, 6 and 8
dimensions and do data fitting by the least-squares method. For N=l=b=1, the
metric turns to the NUT solution only in 8 dimensions, but in 4 and 6
dimensions the spacetime does not have any Nut solution.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
In search of a working notion of lex sportiva
The emergence of a lex specialis regime and its interaction with the established, governing lex generalis in their overlapping spheres of application is always an intriguing legal relationship to explore. In this article, the focus will be on the development of legal principles and rules that have been/can be collectively described as lex sportiva. However, it is notable that those involved in the consideration, usage and application of this notion have not agreed as to the scope and delimitation of the concept. It is debated whether lex sportiva exists in the first place, its legal sources and its purpose. The risk is for the concept becoming redundant when not vilified as a hidden strategy to exclude non-sports-related law from the ambit of sport. Through an examination of the different propositions to the framework of the term, this article will shed light on the existence, utility and limits of the development of this conceptualisation
Downscaling heavy rainfall in the subtropics ? a simple approach for dynamical nesting
International audienceThe simulation of local scale precipitation with nested models often suffers from large errors in the boundary rows. Advection of precipitation into the model domain of the small scale model can lead to an overestimation of precipitation in the boundary grid cells of the nested model and a drying of the interior grid area. Consequently, the finer scale structure of rainfall events of the small scale model can not evolve. These errors result from three main sources: "dynamical", "scale", and "parameterization" problems. As a first step to reduce the "parameterization" boundary errors, we propose a nesting procedure where rainwater from the driving larger scale model is converted to cloud water in the smaller scale model. The nesting method is applied to a case study of heavy rainfall in semi-arid southern Morocco. The results show the elimination of erroneous excessive rainfall in the boundary rows and slightly enhanced rainfall in the interior of the nested model domain. Additionally, fine scale structures in the precipitation patterns develop. The excessive surface runoff is clearly diminished in comparison to the standard nesting procedure. The proposed approach enables scale consistent precipitation patterns resulting from model physics and grid-resolution of the smaller scale model for the complete model domain
Noise properties of two single electron transistors coupled by a nanomechanical resonator
We analyze the noise properties of two single electron transistors (SETs)
coupled via a shared voltage gate consisting of a nanomechanical resonator.
Working in the regime where the resonator can be treated as a classical system,
we find that the SETs act on the resonator like two independent heat baths. The
coupling to the resonator generates positive correlations in the currents
flowing through each of the SETs as well as between the two currents. In the
regime where the dynamics of the resonator is dominated by the back-action of
the SETs, these positive correlations can lead to parametrically large
enhancements of the low frequency current noise. These noise properties can be
understood in terms of the effects on the SET currents of fluctuations in the
state of a resonator in thermal equilibrium which persist for times of order
the resonator damping time.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Lateral shift of the transmitted light beam through a left-handed slab
It is reported that when a light beam travels through a slab of left-handed
medium in the air, the lateral shift of the transmitted beam can be negative as
well as positive. The necessary condition for the lateral shift to be positive
is given. The validity of the stationary-phase approach is demonstrated by
numerical simulations for a Gaussian-shaped beam. A restriction to the slab's
thickness is provided that is necessary for the beam to retain its profile in
the traveling. It is shown that the lateral shift of the reflected beam is
equal to that of the transmitted beam in the symmetric configuration.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
Evaluation of Born and local effective charges in unoriented materials from vibrational spectra
We present an application of the Lorentz model in which fits to vibrational
spectra or a Kramers Kronig analysis are employed along with several useful
formalisms to quantify microscopic charge in unoriented (powdered) materials.
The conditions under which these techniques can be employed are discussed, and
we analyze the vibrational response of a layered transition metal
dichalcogenide and its nanoscale analog to illustrate the utility of this
approach.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur
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