Removal of chromium (VI) from polluted waters using powders of leaves or their ashes of some herbal plants

An investigation is made to explore the surface sorption abilities of powders of leaves and their ashes of some herbal plants.  Achyranthes aspera, Mentha, Emblica officinalis, Azadirachta indica,, Hybiscus roja sinensis and Ocimum sanctum  have been found to have strong affinity towards Chromate at low pH values. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, time of equilibration and sorbent concentration have been optimized for the maximum % removal of Chromium (VI) from waste waters. The minimum dosage and equilibration time needed for the maximum removal of Chromate is found to be less for the ashes of leaves than with the raw leaves powders. More than 90% of extractability for Chromium (VI) has been achieved with some of these bio-sorbents. The presence of tenfold excesses of Cations : Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2 +, marginally effected the % removal of Chromium (VI) while anions: Sulphates, Nitrate, Cl- , Phosphate and F- showed some interference with some sorbents. The adoptability of the methodologies developed in this work are tested with respect to diverse  waste water samples collected from industrial effluents and in natural lakes and found to be remarkably successful

Enhancing Syntactic Competency Of Engineering Students In English Using CLIL

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) may be seen as a type of instruction where students can study foreign languages and specialized material concurrently, depending on the subject matter.  By striking a balance between professional education and the acquisition of foreign language abilities, CLIL greatly enhances students' motivation, responsibility, and personal growth.  CLIL is a type of bilingual education where students study foreign languages and subject material at the same time. Through teaching trials, the efficacy of the CLIL technique as an academic subject for second-year mechanical engineering students was examined in this study.  Mechanical engineering second semester students are taken into consideration. Subject and English professors provided ideas for the "definitions" for the elements utilized in the Engineering Practice Lab, which were taken from the Professional English curriculum. Only mechanical engineering students taking English as a supplement are the topic of this study. The main research approach is educational experiments; alternative research methods include survey questionnaires that are used as pre- and post-tests at the start and finish of the study.  Based on the survey questionnaire responses, a statistical assessment of the students' syntactic proficiency was conducted.  The study's findings demonstrate students' interest in developing their definition-building abilities with favorable opinions on CLIL. &nbsp

Globalization And Its Effect On Post-Millennium Literature

Globalization, as a slowly spreading risk factor, covers almost the whole country with its full force. Literature and literary studies have evolved into a space for the evocation, promotion and interpretation of various social, political, literary and cultural ideas in the world of globalization. Indian Literature after Independence of India has seen some significant changes in the literary writings. Today, the younger generation in the country is searching for a new identity and they are at the intersection of Individuality, Culture and Society. In the world of literature, the call-center generation sees itself as India’s cultural commissars, projecting India as a land of illumination and emancipation. The major Samson of the youth lies in the power of the youth through the unlimited consumption of natural and human resources. The novels of the millennium assist us in dispelling the myth that contemporary writing is only for the light entertainment of the younger generations. &nbsp

Optimization of a Simple Aircraft Wing by Weight Minimization using ANSYS

In the current generation, aircrafts became the fastest mode of transportation for goods and passengers. In such a situation, sophistication of the airplanes is also moving at a rapid pace. The main reason for the flight of airplane is the lift force over the wings. The better the wings are, the better the lift will be. The improvement in the flight of aircraft and efficiency of aircraft can be done by proper design of these wings. This can be done by either optimization of wing structure which reduces the drag force over the aircraft or by optimizing the weight of the wings which enable the aircraft to fly easier or both of the above. Hence in this project, we are concentrating on the optimization of these wings which benefits to the better working of airplane. Here we consider a wing-like structure consisting of spars, ribs, reinforcements and skin is optimized considering weight minimization. The wing carries a uniformly distributed load along the span

Identification of genomic regions linked to seed dormancy related traits using bulk segregant analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A total of 119 F6:7 RILs of a cross between BPT 2231 (non- seed dormant parent) and MTU 1001 (seed dormant parent) were analyzed to identify the markers associated with seed dormancy. Parental polymorphism survey with 188 SSR markers revealed 10 polymorphic markers between the parents. The bulk segregant analysis results with 10 polymorphic markers revealed that four markers showed polymorphism between the bulks. The association of putative markers viz., RM346, RM22565, RM7051 and RM10793 identified based on DNA pooling from selected segregants was analyzed by Single Marker Anaysis (SMA). The results of SMA revealed that RM22565 on chromosome 8 showed significant association with germination per cent at five days after harvesting indicating that the chromosomal region linked to the marker RM 22565 on chromosome 8 may be associated with seed dormancy. Out of the four polymorphic markers used in the present study, RM346 was notified as a seed dormancy linked marker from previous studies. The other three markers viz., RM22565, RM7051 and RM10793 identified as seed dormancy linked markers in the present study, needs further validation on alternative set of population or a set of germplasm lines for their further utilization in the marker assisted breeding programme. Based on germination percentage, physiological parameters and genotyping studies, the RILs viz., SD 3, SD 12, SD 15 and SD 68 were identified as donors for the future breeding programme for the development of seed dormant varieties

Validation of reported markers for seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting resistance in rice (Oryza sativa. L)

Not AvailableDNA markers have enormous potential to improve efficiency and precision of conventional plant breeding via marker assisted selection. To test the usefulness of microsatellite markers associated with pre-harvest sprouting resistance QTLs in rice, 32 diverse rice genotypes and two F2 populations were used. A total of 24 reported SSR markers were used to reveal polymorphism between dormant and non-dormant rice genotypes. Among the 24 tested SSR primers five markers viz., RM252, RM17, RM564, RM480 and RM346 showed polymorphism for pre-harvest sprouting resistance among 32 genotypes. The phenotyping results revealed that MTU 1075, MTU 3626, MTU 5293, MTU 1010, BPT 2658, BPT 2741, BPT 2411, RGL 1414 and BPT 3291 possess moderate dormancy for 12 DAH while MTU 1001 exhibited strong dormancy. The phenotypic germination patterns of 32 genotypes at different intervals were compared with the genotyping results using Map Disto method of analysis. The test of goodness of fit χ2 test was conducted for phenotypic germination patterns of 32 genotypes and genotypic data developed by five polymorphic markers and the results revealed that two markers i.e., RM252 and RM17 exhibited significance. Among the 6 markers studied, the primers RM21 and RM252 were able to show distinct polymorphism between dormant and non-dormant genotypes among the individuals selected from BPT 5204/ MTU 1001 F2 population while RM480 and RM235 showed a good characteristic polymorphism among the selected individuals of BPT 2231/MTU 1001 F2 population.Not Availabl

Understanding The Role Of Health Literacy In Self-Medication: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Study In West Godavari District Of Andhra Pradesh

Background: Self-medication is the practice of treating any ailment or symptom that a person diagnoses for themselves without first visiting a physician. Different communities display different behaviours; hence the purpose of this study is to statistically investigate the patterns and prevalence of self-medication usage. Although health literacy practices have been increasingly recommended in public health literature, there is a lack of studies that examine the relationships between health literacy and self-medication. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, community-based research approach was used in a sample of 316 participants. Health literacy was measured by Single Item Literacy Screener. Data was analysed using SPSS 29.0 version. Results:  A total of 316 participants agreed to participate (63.9% were females). The results showed that more than half, 53.4% had adequate health literacy. The prevalence of self-medication was 74%, in these 52% had used medicines by previous prescription and 8% used alternative medicine. There was a significant relationship between the overall health literacy level and practice of self-medication. Conclusion: Improving the health literacy level of the public can reduce inappropriate self-medication Therefore, the design and implementation of training programs are necessary to increase the perception on the risk of self-medication. Appropriate reading skills are important for accessing health information, using health care services, and achieving desirable health outcomes

Incidence of Third Head of Biceps Brachii in South Indian Population

Additional heads of the biceps brachii muscle of arm have the clinical importance, because they mislead the surgeon in arm surgical procedures. Existence of such variation is one of the reasons for neurovascular compression in the arm region. The present study was conducted to find out the incidence of third head of biceps brachii among 80 samples in South Indian population. The third head of biceps brachii was found in right side in one case which was 13.7 cm in length and arising from antero medial wall of lower part of shaft of humerus. Incidence of the study is 1.25% in South Indians. Occurrence of supernumerary third head of biceps is rare in Indian population

Changes in soft tissue variable of lips following retraction of anterioir teeth- A cephalometric study

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term perioral soft tissue variations of the lips before and after treatment cases in 15 patients with bi-maxillary protrusion using treated lateral cephalograms who had already achieved active growth. Methodology: Fifteen pre-treatment and post-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 18–25-year-old individuals with bimaxillary protrusion treated with all four 1st premolar extractions were accessed from the records. From the reference planes and landmarks, 13 horizontal, 10 vertical, and 2 angular measurements were noted. Statistical comparisons between pre-treatment and post-treatment measurements were measured by a paired t-test to assess the importance of the mean variations at the predetermined significance level. Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) was utilized to assess the strength and significance of the linear relationship between the mean differences for paired (dependent and independent) variables. Results: Pearson's correlation exhibited a noteworthy positive association between the horizontal changes in upper lip position and the horizontal changes of the upper incisor tip point (H-tU1) (R = 0.748), the upper incisor cervical point (H-cU1) (R = 0.707), the lower incisor tip point (H-tL1) (R = 0.839), and the lower incisor cervical point (H-cL1) (R = 0.767). This indicated that upper lip changes are the aftermath of the retraction of the upper and lower incisors in class I bi-maxillary protrusion malocclusion. Conclusion: Thick upper lips showed more retraction of the upper lip in correlation with retraction of the incisors as compared with thin lips. The lower incisor cervical point displayed the strongest association with lower lip retraction