Signature extension for sun angle, volume 1

The author has identified the following significant results. Within a restricted zenith sun angle range of 35 - 50 degrees, it was empirically observed that canopy reflectance is mainly Lambertian. Reflectance changes with crop stage were simple shifts in scale in the sun angle range. It was noted that sun angle variations depend on canopy characteristics. Effects of the vegetative canopy were most pronounced at the larger solar zenith angles (20 %). The linear sun angle correction coefficients demonstrate a dependency on both crop stage (15-20 %) and crop type (10-20 %). The use of canopy reflectance modeling allowed for the generation of a simulated data set over an extremely broad envelope of sun angles

Die antagonistische Wirkung von Zingiber officinale ROSC. und Mentha x piperita L. und einiger ihrer Inhaltsstoffe am 5-HT3-Rezeptorkanalkomplex: Bedeutung für Antiemesis, Reizdarmsyndrom-Therapie und Insulinausschüttung

Emesis, Reizdarm und Diabetes sind verbreitete Erkrankungen. Die antagonistische Wirkung der aetherischen Oele des Ingwers und der Pfefferminze und einiger ihrer Inhaltsstoffe am 5-HT3-Rezeptorkanal, der bei den genannten Erkrankungen von Bedeutung ist, wurde durch Kationeninflux-Versuche, Versuche am Rattenileum und Bindungsstudien untersucht. Einige Bestandteile des Ingweroels sind an dessen Effekt am 5-HT3-Rezeptor beteiligt und sollten in einem Ingwerextrakt zur antiemetischen Therapie enthalten sein. Pfefferminzoel und Menthol zeigen eine antagonistische Wirkung am 5-HT3-Rezeptorkanal, die zum Effekt des Oels bei Reizdarmsyndrom beitragen kann. Die Substanzen wirken ueber eine andere Bindungsstelle als Serotonin. In Insulinsekretionsversuchen wurde die durch Serotonin verminderte Insulinsekretion durch die antagonistische Wirkung von Ingwerextrakten vor allem an 5-HT3-Rezeptoren aufgehoben. Klinische Untersuchungen der Drogen bei Emesis, Reizdarm und Diabetes scheinen lohnenswert

Signature extension for sun angle, volume 2

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Radial basis function modeling of hourly streamflow hydrograph

An artificial neural network is well known as a flexible mathematical tool that has the ability to generalize patterns in imprecise or noisy and ambiguous input and output data sets. The radial basis function (RBF) method is applied to model the relationship between rainfall and runoff for Sungai Bekok Catchment (Johor, Malaysia) and Sungai Ketil catchment (Kedah, Malaysia). The RBF is used to predict the streamflow hydrograph based on storm events. Evaluation on the performance of RBF is demonstrated based on errors (between predicted and actual) and comparison with the results of the Hydrologic Engineering Center hydrologic modeling system model. It is obvious that the RBF method offers an accurate modeling of streamflow hydrograph

Cognitive function in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)

Background: Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (AI) need to replace glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids that act on glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR). Both receptors are highly expressed in the hippocampus and are closely associated with cognitive function, which might be impaired by insufficient or increased GR and MR stimulation. However, little is known about cognitive function in patients with AI. Methods: It was examined whether patients with AI exhibit worse cognitive function compared to sex-, age-, and education-matched controls. Cognitive function (executive function, concentration, verbal memory, visual memory, working memory, and autobiographical memory) was assessed in 30 patients with AI (mean age 52.4 yrs. +/- 14.4, n = 21 women, mean duration of illness 18.2 yrs. +/- 11.1) and 30 matched controls. We also measured depressive symptoms, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure. Results: Patients with AI showed more depressive symptoms, had a greater BMI and lower systolic blood pressure compared to controls. Adjusted analyses controlling for these variables revealed that patients with AI performed significantly worse in verbal learning (F = 7.8, p = .007). Executive function, concentration, working memory, verbal memory, visuospatial memory, and autobiographical memory did not differ between groups. Conclusions: No clinically relevant cognitive impairment was found in patients with AI compared to matched controls. Even long-term glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid substitution over almost two decades appears to have only subtle effects on cognition in patients with AI

Water-Resources Investigations Report 78-96

From abstract: "This study used Landsat images and small-scale color and color-infrared photographs for selected geologic, hydrologic, and land-use applications within the Yampa River Basin" in Colorado and Wyoming. It includes maps, tables, and a glossary