49,800 research outputs found
Pre-Congestion Notification Encoding Comparison
DiffServ mechanisms have been developed to support Quality of Service (QoS). However, the level of assurance that can be provided with DiffServ without substantial over-provisioning is limited. Pre-Congestion Notification (PCN) investigates the use of per-flow admission control to provide the required service guarantees for the admitted traffic. While admission control will protect the QoS under\ud
normal operating conditions, an additional flow termination mechanism is necessary in the times of heavy congestion (e.g. caused by route changes due to link or node failure).\ud
Encoding and their transport are required to carry the congestion and pre-congestion information from the congestion and pre-congestion points to the decision points. This document provides a survey of\ud
several encoding methods, using comparisons amongst them as a way to explain their strengths and weaknesses.\u
Extraordinary vacuum black string solutions
In addition to the boosted static solution there are two other classes of
stationary string-like solutions of the vacuum Einstein equation in
(4+1)-dimensions. Each class is characterized by three parameters of mass,
tension, and momentum flow along the fifth coordinate. We analyze the metric
properties of one of the two classes, which was previously assumed to be naked
singular, and show that the solution spectrum contains black string and
wormhole in addition to the known naked singularity as the momentum flow to
mass ratio increases. Interestingly, there does not exist new zero momentum
solution in these cases.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, add 2 reference
Design and application of gas-gap heat switches
Gas-gap heat switches can serve as an effective means of thermally disconnecting a standby cryocooler when the primary (operating) cooler is connected and vice versa. The final phase of the development and test of a cryogenic heat switch designed for loads ranging from 2 watts at 8 K, to 100 watts at 80 K are described. Achieved heat-switch on/off conductance ratio ranged from 11,000 at 8 K to 2200 at 80 K. A particularly challenging element of heat-switch design is achieving satisfactory operation when large temperatures differentials exist across the switch. A special series of tests and analyses was conducted and used in this Phase-2 activity to evaluate the developed switches for temperature differentials ranging up to 200 K. Problems encountered at the maximum levels are described and analyzed, and means of avoiding the problems in the future are presented. A comprehensive summary of the overall heat-switch design methodology is also presented with special emphasis on lessons learned over the course of the 4-year development effort
Computation of topside ionograms from N/h/ profiles
Computation of topside ionograms from electron concentration profile
Anomalous Rashba spin-orbit interaction in InAs/GaSb quantum wells
We investigate theoretically the Rashba spin-orbit interaction in InAs/GaSb
quantum wells(QWs). We find that the Rashba spin-splitting (RSS) depends
sensitively on the thickness of the InAs layer. The RSS exhibits nonlinear
behavior for narrow InAs/GaSb QWs and the oscillating feature for wide
InAs/GaSb QWs. The nonlinear and oscillating behaviors arise from the weakened
and enhanced interband coupling. The RSS also show asymmetric features respect
to the direction of the external electric field.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures. Appl. Phys. Lett. (in press
Spin-dependent tunneling through a symmetric semiconductor barrier: the Dresselhaus effect
Spin-dependent tunneling through a symmetric semiconductor barrier is studied
including the k^3 Dresselhaus effect. The spin-dependent transmission of
electron can be obtained analytically. By comparing with previous work(Phys.
Rev. B 67. R201304 (2003) and Phys. Rev. Lett. 93. 056601 (2004)), it is shown
that the spin polarization and interface current are changed significantly by
including the off-diagonal elements in the current operator, and can be
enhanced considerably by the Dresselhaus effect in the contact regions.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PR
An Efficient Block Circulant Preconditioner For Simulating Fracture Using Large Fuse Networks
{\it Critical slowing down} associated with the iterative solvers close to
the critical point often hinders large-scale numerical simulation of fracture
using discrete lattice networks. This paper presents a block circlant
preconditioner for iterative solvers for the simulation of progressive fracture
in disordered, quasi-brittle materials using large discrete lattice networks.
The average computational cost of the present alorithm per iteration is , where the stiffness matrix is partioned into
-by- blocks such that each block is an -by- matrix, and
represents the operational count associated with solving a block-diagonal
matrix with -by- dense matrix blocks. This algorithm using the block
circulant preconditioner is faster than the Fourier accelerated preconditioned
conjugate gradient (PCG) algorithm, and alleviates the {\it critical slowing
down} that is especially severe close to the critical point. Numerical results
using random resistor networks substantiate the efficiency of the present
algorithm.Comment: 16 pages including 2 figure
J-Class Abelian Semigroups of Matrices on C^n and Hypercyclicity
We give a characterization of hypercyclic finitely generated abelian
semigroups of matrices on C^n using the extended limit sets (the J-sets).
Moreover we construct for any n\geq 2 an abelian semigroup G of GL(n;C)
generated by n + 1 diagonal matrices which is locally hypercyclic but not
hypercyclic and such that JG(e_k) = C^n for every k = 1; : : : ; n, where (e_1;
: : : ; e_n) is the canonical basis of C^n. This gives a negative answer to a
question raised by Costakis and Manoussos.Comment: 10 page
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