Dependence of volume FEL (VFEL) threshold conditions on undulator parameters

The idea and principles of volume free electron lasers were proposed in [1-4]. It was shown there that volume distributed feedback (VDFB) can essentially reduce the threshold current of generation and provide the possibility of smooth frequency tuning. The present work considers an undulator VFEL with multiwave VDFB. It is shown that dependence of threshold current on the interaction length changes in the point of roots degeneration. This leads to the sharp decrease of start current if condition of dynamical diffraction is fulfilled. The dependence of amplification coefficient changes, too. So the interaction length for generation appears shorter. The proposed scheme can be used for generation in wide spectral range from microwaves to X-rays. The operating features of undulator VFEL is considered.Comment: Latex, 6 pages with 2 Postscript figure

Formation of singularities on the surface of a liquid metal in a strong electric field

The nonlinear dynamics of the free surface of an ideal conducting liquid in a strong external electric field is studied. It is establish that the equations of motion for such a liquid can be solved in the approximation in which the surface deviates from a plane by small angles. This makes it possible to show that on an initially smooth surface for almost any initial conditions points with an infinite curvature corresponding to branch points of the root type can form in a finite time.Comment: 14 page

Nonstationary stage of quasi‐cherenkov beam instability in periodical structures

Analysis of nonstationary stage of quasi‐Cherenkov instability of electron beam in the case of two‐wave distributed feedback is carried out. Mathematical models and numerical methods of nonstationary quasi‐Cherenkov electron beam instability are proposed. Results of numerical experiments are proposed. Bifurcations of nonstationary solution are discussed. Straipsnyje analizuojama nestacionariosios fazes kvazi‐Cherenkovo elektronu spinduliuotes nestabilumas esant dvieju bangu saveikai su grižtamo ryšio pernešimu. Pasiūlyti šios elektronu spinduliuotes nestacionariosios fazes atveju matematiniai ir skaitiniai sprendimo metodai. Pateikti skaitinio eksperimento rezultatai. Aptartos nestacionariojo sprendinio bifurkacijos. First Published Online: 14 Oct 201