Transceiver ASIC in HVCMOS Technology for 3D Ultrasound Computer Tomography

Abstract3D Ultrasound Computer Tomography (3D USCT) is an imaging method for the early de-tection of breast cancer. It provides three-dimensional multimodal images of the breast. Thenew 3D USCT device developed currently at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology containsmore than two thousand ultrasound transducers placed in a water-filled aperture where thepatient submerges one breast. The ultrasound transducers are grouped as transducer arraysystems (TAS) of 18 receiver (RX) and transmitter (TX) elements. The transducer front-end electronics contain high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) amplifiers and switcheswhich are implemented as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). This contribu-tion presents a patented mixed signal, multichannel, transceiver ASIC developed in a com-mercial 350 nm high-voltage CMOS (HV-CMOS) process. The HV-CMOS process provideslow-voltage and high-voltage transistors that can be combined on the same substrate. TheHV transistors can sustain voltages up to 120 V

The Politics of Commerce : The Congress of Chambers of Commerce of the Empire, 1886-1914

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Axon swellings produced in vivo in isolated segments of nerves

Within 3–5 hrs after cutting rat and cat sciatic nerves into segments which had no connection with the cell body, club-shaped axon swellings were observed at both ends of the segments. The swollen portion of these axons showed increased histochemical reactions for DPN-diaphorase, lactic dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, and protein; the increase lasted for 24–48 hrs after the nerve was cut. The swollen axons were morphologically and histochemically similar to, but never as markedly changed, as those observed in the proximal stumps of severed nerves. The development of axon swellings was prevented by depolarization of the entire segment with KCl; however, if KCl was applied selectively to the stumps of the segment, it appeared to intensify rather than prevent the swelling. It was also noted that the extent of axon swelling was inversely proportional to the length of the segment. These observations suggested that the development and extent of axon swelling was related to the intensity of local injury currents in the tissue. Innerhalb von 3–5 Std nach Zerschneidung des Nervus ischiadicus von Ratten und Katzen in Segmente, die keine Verbindung mit dem Zellkörper besitzen, sind zylinderförmige Axonschwellungen an beiden Enden der Segmente zu beobachten. Der angeschwollene Teil dieser Axone zeigt verstärkte histochemische Reaktionen auf DPN-Diaphorase, Milchsäure-Dehydrogenase, Apfelsäure-Dehydrogenase, Bernsteinsäure-Dehydrogenase und Protein; dieser Anstieg hält 24–48 Std nach der Durchtrennung des Nervs an. Die Axonschwellungen sind sowohl morphologisch als auch histochemisch ähnlich — jedoch niemals in gleich starker Ausprägung — jenen, die in den proximalen Stümpfen von verletzten Nerven beobachtet werden.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/47224/1/401_2004_Article_BF00684398.pd

Clinical disorders affecting mesopic vision

Vision in the mesopic range is affected by a number of inherited and acquired clinical disorders. We review these conditions and summarize the historical background, describing the clinical characteristics alongside the genetic basis and molecular biological mechanisms giving rise to rod and cone dysfunction relevant to twilight vision. The current diagnostic gold standards for each disease are discussed and curative and symptomatic treatment strategies are summarized

Diagnosis of inflammatory demyelination in biopsy specimens: a practical approach

Multiple sclerosis is the most frequent demyelinating disease in adults. It is characterized by demyelination, inflammation, gliosis and a variable loss of axons. Clinically and histologically, it shares features with other demyelinating and/or inflammatory CNS diseases. Diagnosis of an inflammatory demyelinating disease can be challenging, especially in small biopsy specimens. Here, we summarize the histological hallmarks and most important neuropathological differential diagnoses of early MS, and provide practical guidelines for the diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating diseases

Evaluation of psychoactive substance use disorder treatment, workbook 6: client satisfaction evaluations.

What is a client satisfaction evaluation? p.7 Why do a client satisfaction evaluation? p.7 How to do a client satisfaction evaluation? p.8 Conclusion and practical recommendation p.17 Comments about case examples p.19 Case examples of client satisfaction evaluation Part A: An evaluation of satisfaction with a state drinker driver treatment program p.21 Part B: Client satisfaction with residential substance treatment programmes p.26 Part C: The case of community methadone treatment programs p.3