2,280 research outputs found
Socioeconomic indicators of health inequalities and female mortality: a nested cohort study within the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS)
Evidence is mounting that area-level socioeconomic indicators are important tools for predicting health outcomes. However, few studies have examined these alongside individual-level education. This nested cohort study within the control arm of the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS) assesses the association of mutually adjusted individual (education) and area-level (Index of Multiple Deprivation-IMD 2007) socioeconomic status indicators and all-cause female mortality
Using museum objects to improve wellbeing in mental health service users and neurological rehabilitation clients
Background: This study sought to determine the effects of a heritage-in-health intervention on well-being. Benefits of arts-in-health interventions are relatively well-documented yet little robust research has been conducted using heritage-in-health interventions, such as those involving museum objects. Method: Hospital patients (n = 57) participated in semi-structured, 30–40 minute facilitated interview sessions, discussing and handling museum objects comprising selections of six artefacts and specimens loaned from archaeology, art, geology and natural history collections. Well-being measures (Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale, Visual Analogue Scales) evaluated the sessions while inductive and deductive thematic analysis investigated psycho-educational features accounting for changes. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-session quantitative measures showed significant increases in well-being and happiness. Qualitative investigation revealed thinking and meaning-making opportunities for participants engaged with objects. Conclusion: Heritage-in-health sessions enhanced positive mood and social interaction, endorsing the need for provision of well-being-related museum and gallery activities for socially excluded or vulnerable healthcare audiences
Marine catfish resources of India
The marine catfish production showed a continuously declining
trend all along the Indian Coast, from 67,666 t (1982) to 37,518 t
(1995), while the situation is alarming along the SW and SE coast.
This group is one of the most vulnerable resources for irrational
harvest during their migratory and breeding phase. With the advent
of mass harvesting gear like purse seine and trawlers, there
has been a continuous onslaught on this resource during the periods
of south bound or north bound migrations parallel to the coast.
The damage is further aggravated when their spawning shoals
are exploited from the surface often causing large scale destruction
of parents and egg / embryos, leading to overfishing affecting
the recruitment to the population. The paper gives the possible
migratory route, seasons of vulnerability and impact of fishing gear
on the resources. It is attempted to corelate the surface drift with
the seasonal migrations. Various management practices
are proposed to conserve the threatened species and suggested
possible lines of exploitation preferably on the non-migratory
species from distant waters in the middle shelf
Catfish resource in the Indian shelf waters
At attempt is made to analyse the bottom trawl fishing data collected by 91
cmises of FORV Sagar Sampada (1985 - '91). The vessel trawled in 544 stations
spread over both the coasts up to a depth of 100 m and catfishes appeared in 54
stations with catch 3 -2401 kg/hr. The dominant species occurred beyond 50 m depth
belt was invariably Tachysurus thalassinus whereas shoaling species like T.
tenuispinis and T.dussumieri are reported from grounds less than 50 m. The resource
has better abundance in 51 -100 m depth belt along northwest and northeast region
Muons as Local Probes of Three-body Correlations in the Mixed State of Type-II Superconductors
The vortex glass state formed by magnetic flux lines in a type-II
superconductor is shown to possess non-trivial three-body correlations. While
such correlations are usually difficult to measure in glassy systems, the
magnetic fields associated with the flux vortices allow us to probe these via
muon-spin rotation measurements of the local field distribution. We show via
numerical simulations and analytic calculations that these observations provide
detailed microscopic insight into the local order of the vortex glass and more
generally validate a theoretical framework for correlations in glassy systems.Comment: 4+ pages, high-quality figures available on reques
Threadfin breams and lizard fish resources in the shelf waters of the Indian EEZ
The regional and seasonal distribution and abundance of threadfin breams and
lizard fish are presented as revealed by the bottom trawling operations of FORV
Sagar Sampada during cruises 56-91 (1989 and 1992). The threadfin breams
occurred in 49 and lizard fish in 25% of the total number of bottom trawhng stations
surveyed. The most productive grounds for threadfin breams were located in the
southwest coast between 8° and 15° N latitudinal zones, with the area 11775°
yielding the highest average catch rate of 1794 kg/hr. Very high congregation and
concentration of threadfin breams, composed mainly of Nemipterus mesoprion and
N. japonicus, was observed in the southwest in 41- 80 m depth zones during
southwest monsoon period. Lizard fish resources, composed mainly of Saurida
tumbil and S. undosquamis were also relatively more dominant in the southwest
coast than along the east coast and in the EEZ of Andaman-Nicobar islands. The size
distribution of N. japonicus and A', mesoprion showed that smaller modal groups
were dominant in shallower depth zones. The potential yield of threadfin breams in
the southwest zone was estimated to be 2.05 x 10
Management of Scombroid Fisheries
Scombroids, an economically important fishery
resource consisting of 15 genera and 49 species
of tunas, billfishes, seerfishes and mackerel;
are a dominant exploitable resource in the coastal
as well as oceanic pelagic realm. Although the annual
catchable potential of scombroids in the Indian
EEZ is estimated to be around 758,000 t,
the present yield is only about 300,000 t, worth
more than Rs. 10 billion, and their demand in the
domestic and export markets Is on the increase
Recommendations of the National Workshop on Scombroids
Recommendations of the National Workshop on Scombroid
Recommended from our members
Forty years of temporal analysis of products
A detailed understanding of reaction mechanisms and kinetics is required in order to develop and optimize catalysts and catalytic processes. While steady-state investigations are known to give a global view of the catalytic system, transient studies are invaluable since they can provide more comprehensive insight into elementary steps. For almost forty years temporal analysis of products (TAP) has been successfully utilized for transient studies of gas phase heterogeneous reactions, and there have been a number of advances in instrumentation and numerical modeling methods in that time. Since TAP is a complex methodology it is often viewed as a niche specialty. With the purpose to make TAP more relevant and approachable to a wider segment of the catalytic research community, part of the intention of this work is to highlight the significant contributions TAP has made to elucidating mechanistic and kinetic aspects of complex, multi-step heterogeneous reactions. With this in mind, an outlook is also disclosed for the technique in terms of what is needed to revitalize the field and make it more applicable to the recent advances in catalyst characterization (e.g. operando modes)
Epigenetic reprogramming of fallopian tube fimbriae in BRCA mutation carriers defines early ovarian cancer evolution
The exact timing and contribution of epigenetic reprogramming to carcinogenesis are unclear. Women harbouring BRCA1/2 mutations demonstrate a 30–40-fold increased risk of high-grade serous extra-uterine Müllerian cancers (HGSEMC), otherwise referred to as ‘ovarian carcinomas’, which frequently develop from fimbrial cells but not from the proximal portion of the fallopian tube. Here we compare the DNA methylome of the fimbrial and proximal ends of the fallopian tube in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and non-carriers. We show that the number of CpGs displaying significant differences in methylation levels between fimbrial and proximal fallopian tube segments are threefold higher in BRCA mutation carriers than in controls, correlating with overexpression of activation-induced deaminase in their fimbrial epithelium. The differentially methylated CpGs accurately discriminate HGSEMCs from non-serous subtypes. Epigenetic reprogramming is an early pre-malignant event integral to BRCA1/2 mutation-driven carcinogenesis. Our findings may provide a basis for cancer-preventative strategies
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