Presentation and intervention in missing Copper T Thread in reference to timing of insertion

Background: To analyse the impact of time of insertion of Copper T to presentation and intervention for management of missing Cu-T thread.Methods: After approval of the study by research and institutional Ethics Committee, present study was carried out partly prospectively on patients presenting with missing Cu T thread. Retrospective data was also collected from minor OT or admission records for those admitted for removal of IUCD and duly completed telephonically. Proportion of women with missing Cu T thread were calculated in percentages. Correlation between different groups couldn’t be calculated because of major difference in number of subjects in groups. Data was analysed with regard to relation to timing of insertion, presentation, complications, number and kind of interventions for its removal.Results: Among 57 women, 30 had post LSCS CuT insertion, 6 had post NVD, 20 had interval CuT insertion, 1 had post abortal insertion. Misplaced CuT was detected in 8 women on USG, 4 (50%) had post LSCS, 3 (37.5%) post NVD and 1 (12.5%) had interval CuT insertion. OPD removal could be attempted successfully in 30 women; 11 (36.67%) post LSCS, 2 (33.33%) post NVD, 16 (80%) interval and 1 (100%) post abortion insertion. OT removal was needed in 23 women; 17 (56.67%) post LSCS, 2 (33.33%) post NVD, 4 (20%) interval CuT insertion. Spontaneous expulsion diagnosed in 4, 2 post LSCS and 2 post NVD CuT insertion.Conclusions: There is definite impact of timing of Cu T insertion on incidence of misplacement and expulsion and more data and studies are needed for developing a common information performa to develop SOPs for follow up of such patients

A rare case of ruptured caesarean scar pregnancy

Caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. The incidence is approximately 1:2000 pregnancies and has potentially life-threatening complications. Ours is a rare case of scar ectopic pregnancy who had taken medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) kit while being unaware of her pregnancy location and presented with uterine rupture and hemoperitoneum. A 24-year-old female, P2L2A1, with previous two caesarean section (CS), presented with the complaint of bleeding per vaginum with acute pain abdomen and history of MTP kit intake at 7 weeks’ period of gestation (POG). She received symptomatic treatment at local hospital without any diagnosis being made but brought an ultrasound showing anterior myometrium defect with scar site hematoma and free fluid. She presented with moderate pallor, tachycardia and suprapubic tenderness. She was subsequently taken up for laparotomy in view of probable ruptured CSP. Intra-operatively, actively bleeding scar ectopic was seen with hemoperitoneum. The contents were scooped out and repair done with bilateral tubal ligation. She was resuscitated with adequate blood products. Embryo implantation in the region of a previous CS scar is rare and a delay in either diagnosis or treatment can have catastrophic complications like haemorrhage, rupture and significant maternal morbidity as seen in our case. Therefore, we should have a high index of suspicion of scar pregnancy especially in cases of previous CS so that timely intervention can be done preventing maternal morbidity. Unwarranted use of misoprostol can be deleterious when site of implantation is unknown, particularly in CSP

An atypical adenomatoid odontogenic tumour in the mandible: a report of a paediatric case

An adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (AOT) is a rare odontogenic tumour that is often misdiagnosed as an odontogenic cyst. To acquire additional information about AOT, all reports regarding AOT that had been cited in ‘Pub Med’ since 1990 onwards were reviewed. AOT accounts for about 1–9% of all odontogenic tumours. It is predominantly found in young and female patients, is located more often in the maxilla, and in most cases is associated with an unerupted permanent tooth. The differential diagnosis between AOT and other odontogenic tumours such as ameloblastoma should be well made to avoid extensive ablative surgery. However, AOT frequently resembles other odontogenic lesions such as dentigerous cysts or ameloblastoma. Immunohistochemically, AOT is characterized by positive reactions with certain cytokeratins. For illustration a rare case of an AOT in the mandible is presented that had atypical findings such as buccolingual cortical perforation and resorption with displacement of adjoining teeth.Keywords: adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, dentigerous cyst, odontogenic tumor, paediatric cas

Purification and partial characterization of the OmpA family of proteins of Pasteurella haemolytica

This study was conducted to partially characterize and identify the purity of two major outer membrane proteins (OMPs) (with molecular weights of 32,000 and 35,000 [32K and 35K, respectively]) of Pasteurella haemolytica. The 35K and 32K major OMPs, designated Pasteurella outer membrane proteins A and B (PomA and PomB, respectively), were extracted from P. haemolytica by solubilization in N-octyl polyoxyl ethylene. The P. haemolytica strain used was a mutant serotype A1 from which the genes expressing the 30-kDa lipoproteins had been deleted. PomA and PomB were separated and partially purified by anion-exchange chromatography. PomA but not PomB was heat modifiable. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the two proteins were determined and compared with reported sequences of other known proteins. PomA had significant N-terminal sequence homology with the OmpA protein of Escherichia coli and related proteins from other gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, polyclonal antiserum raised against the E. coli OmpA protein reacted with this protein. PomA was surface exposed, was conserved among P. haemolytica biotype A serotypes, and had porin activity in planar bilayers. No homology between the N-terminal amino acid sequence of PomB and those of other known bacterial proteins was found. Cattle vaccinated with live P. haemolytica developed a significant increase in serum antibodies to partially purified PomA, as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and to purified PomA and PomB, as detected on Western blots and by densitometry.Peer reviewedAnatomy, Pathology and PharmacologyInfectious Disease and Physiolog

Assessment of allelopathic properties of Parthenium hysterophorus residues

A study was conducted to explore the allelopathic properties of unburnt (UR) and burnt (BR) residues of Parthenium hysterophorus towards the growth of two winter crops-radish and chickpea. The extracts prepared from both UR and BR were toxic to the seedling length and dry weight of the test crops, those from BR in particular. The difference was attributed to the highly alkaline nature of the extracts prepared from BR. Growth studies conducted in soil amended with UR and BR extracts and residues also revealed phytotoxic effects towards test crops, UR being more active than BR unlike crude extracts. These effects were attributed to the presence of phenolics rather than to any significant change in pH or conductivity