Signing Perfect Currency Bonds

We propose the idea of a Quantum Cheque Scheme, a cryptographic protocol in which any legitimate client of a trusted bank can issue a cheque, that cannot be counterfeited or altered in anyway, and can be verified by a bank or any of its branches. We formally define a Quantum Cheque and present the first Unconditionally Secure Quantum Cheque Scheme and show it to be secure against any no-signaling adversary. The proposed Quantum Cheque Scheme can been perceived as the quantum analog of Electronic Data Interchange, as an alternate for current e-Payment Gateways.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Deutschian closed timelike curves can create entanglement

We study the nature of entanglement in presence of Deutschian closed timelike curves (D-CTCs) and we observe that qubits traveling along a D-CTC allow unambiguous discrimination of Bell states with Local Operations and Classical Communications (LOCC), that is otherwise known to be impossible. A consequence of this leads us to discover that localized D-CTCs can create entanglement, using just local operations and classical communication. This contradicts the fundamental definition of entanglement.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figures. Removed and Added Conten

Potential of Deshi Cattle of India for Dairy Production

There were 1,405 lactation records of 336 cows at the Central Livestock Research- cum-Breeding Station, Haringhata, India from 1958 to 1968 used to estimate the potential dairy merit of Deshi cattle. This breed is native to northeast India and one of the smallest breeds in India (mature females 200 kg and males 250 kg). Averages and standard deviations for milk yield (exclusive of that suckled), age of first calving, calving interval, lactation length, days open, and days dry were 412 ± 178 kg, 44.5 ± 6.8 months, 419 ± 90 days, 264 ± 81 days, 135 ± 86 days, and 139 ± 80 days. Mortality, culling, and retention rates for females from birth to first calving were 24, 27, and 49%. Lactation number, season of calving, and death of calf early in lactation had significant effects on milk yield. Repeatabilities of milk yield, lactation length, calving interval, dry period, and days open were .42, .19, .21, .03, and .23 with corresponding heritabilities .64, .19, .09, .19, and .27. Heritability for age of first calving was .84. Confounding by some environmental effects probably biased heritability estimates upward. Potential genetic improvement of milk yield by mass selection was estimated at .8% per year. Contemporary Jersey X Deshi crosses exceeded Deshi for milk yield, age of first calving, lactation length, calving interval, and days open by +923 kg, -15 months, +41, -84, and -96 days. At least one generation of crossing with European breeds is recommended over mass selection of Deshi

Design aspects and laboratory simulation study of a floating marine fish cage prototype with mooring system

In India, open sea cage culture has been successfully demonstrated and several experimental offshore cages for mariculture were installed along the coast for on-farm demonstration by the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin. In the present study, a model cage was fabricated and tested in a towing tank under different waves and current load conditions. The tension on the mooring chain was measured during the experimental study, besides the towing speed and wave parameters. Based on the experimental data, drag coefficient for the cage net twine was estimated. The tensions in the mooring chain and the cage net twine of the prototype cage were predicted based on the model data. The maximum tension on a single twine of the outer and inner fish net were estimated as 0.15 N and 0.028 N respectively. The force on the net was more than 1.7 times the force on the floating collar and sinker pipe. The tension in the mooring line is mainly due to the force on the net. Further it was observed that the force on the net due to current was 10 times higher than that due to wave. This information will be useful in future while deciding the diameter of the cage, the type of net to be used for cage according to the site where the cage is to be installed