Systemic Resistance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Elicited by Some Biotic Inducers Against Root Diseases

The effect of seed treatment of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with biotic inducers such as Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis in contrast to the fungicide Rizolex-T, were evaluated in the greenhouse and under field conditions during the 2017/2018 season to control the plant disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, or Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, at Giza Agriculture Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Giza Governorate, Egypt. The tested strains significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of the three tested fungi for pathogenic growth. Compared to the untreated control under greenhouse and field conditions, all the biotic inducer treatments tested significantly decreased the percentages of damping-off, root rot, stem rot and/or wilt diseases. It was noticed that Rizolex-T and (Trichoderma viride + Trichoderma harzianum) have reached the highest percentage of surviving plants followed by (Pseudomonas fluorescens + Bacillus subtilis), Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Serratia marcescens, respectively. As well as all the treatments of the checked biocontrol agents increased the growth and yield parameters of chickpea significantly, i.e., plant hight, branches number per plant, pods number per plant, seeds number per plant, seeds weight per plant, 100 seeds weight, and chickpea yield ton/fed. In the presence of the three studied pathogens, defense-related enzyme activities (β-1,3 glucanase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase) have also been determined in all chickpea plants treated with tested biotic inducers compared to untreated infested and non-infested control. The treatment of (Trichoderma harzianum + Trichoderma viride) showed the highest increase in phenol content and the activities of defense-related enzymes

Aneurysm Ostium Angle: A Predictor of the Need for Stent as Assistance for Endovascular Aneurysm Coiling in Internal Carotid Artery Sidewall Aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is no satisfactory parameter that can predict the need for assistant devices for endovascular aneurysm coiling. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of MOA as a predictor of the need for stent-assisted coiling in ICA sidewall aneurysms

Photodynamic treatment of human breast and prostate cancer cells using rose bengal-encapsulated nanoparticles

Cancer, a prominent cause of death, presents treatment challenges, including high dosage requirements, drug resistance, poor tumour penetration and systemic toxicity in traditional chemotherapy. Photodynamic therapy, using photosensitizers like rose bengal (RB) with a green laser, shows promise against breast cancer cells in vitro. However, the hydrophilic RB struggles to efficiently penetrate the tumour site due to the unique clinical microenvironment, aggregating around rather than entering cancer cells. In this study, we have synthesized and characterized RB-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles with a peak particle size of ~200 nm. These nanoparticles are readily nternalized by cells and, in combination with a green laser (λ = 532 nm) killed 94–98% of cultured human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and prostate cancer cells (PC3) at a low dosage (25 μg/mL RB-nanoparticles, fluence ~126 J/cm2, and irradiance ~0.21 W/cm2). Furthermore, these nanoparticles are not toxic to cultured human normal breast cells (MCF10A), which opens an avenue for translational applications

Inter-observer variability of radiologists for Cambridge classification of chronic pancreatitis using CT and MRCP: results from a large multi-center study

Purpose: Determine inter-observer variability among radiologists in assigning Cambridge Classification (CC) of chronic pancreatitis (CP) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Methods: Among 422 eligible subjects enrolled into the PROCEED study between 6/2017 and 8/2018, 39 were selected randomly for this study (chronic abdominal pain (n = 8; CC of 0), suspected CP (n = 22; CC of 0, 1 or 2) or definite CP (n = 9; CC of 3 or 4). Each imaging was scored by the local radiologist (LRs) and three of five central radiologists (CRs) at other consortium sites. The CRs were blinded to clinical data and site information of the participants. We compared the CC score assigned by the LR with the consensus CC score assigned by the CRs. The weighted kappa statistic (K) was used to estimate the inter-observer agreement. Results: For the majority of subjects (34/39), the group assignment by LR agreed with the consensus composite CT/MRCP score by the CRs (concordance ranging from 75 to 89% depending on cohort group). There was moderate agreement (63% and 67% agreed, respectively) between CRs and LRs in both the CT score (weighted Kappa [95% CI] = 0.56 [0.34, 0.78]; p-value = 0.57) and the MR score (weighted Kappa [95% CI] = 0.68 [0.49, 0.86]; p-value = 0.72). The composite CT/MR score showed moderate agreement (weighted Kappa [95% CI] = 0.62 [0.43, 0.81]; p-value = 0.80). Conclusion: There is a high degree of concordance among radiologists for assignment of CC using MRI and CT

Anti-CD45 Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy Prior to Bone Marrow Transplantation without Total Body Irradiation Facilitates Engraftment From Haploidentical Donors and Prolongs Survival in a Disseminated Murine Leukemia Model

s / Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 19 (2013) S211eS232 S228 chemotherapy was HIDAC (1-3 grams/m2 for 6-8 doses)/ Etoposide(15-40mg/kg) in 16 patients and growth factor alone in one patient. Median time from diagnosis to ASCT was 4.2 (range 3.6-7) months. Preparative regimen for ASCT was Busulfan (3.2mg/kg x 4)/Etoposide (60 mg/kg) in 12 patients and high dose melphalan in 5 patients. The median CD34 cells infused was 4.9 x 10e6/kg (range 2.8 to 15.9).All patients engrafted with a median time to neutrophil engraftment of 11 (range10-12) days. The median time to platelet engraftment was 20 (range15-40) days. The median length of inpatient stay during the ASCT admission was 14 (range 10-25) days. One patient died of progressive disease 14 months post ASCT. Two patients died in remission on day 53 (sepsis) and day 836 (unknown cause) post ASCT. Fourteen patients (82%) are currently alive in complete remission. at a median follow-up of 20 (range 140) months post ASCT. Conclusion: Consolidation of good risk AML patients with ASCT following induction of complete remission is safe and effective in preventing relapse in good risk AML patients

Reference intervals for the echocardiographic measurements of the right heart in children and adolescents: a systematic review

BACKGROUND: Transthoracic echocardiography is the primary imaging modality for the diagnosis of right ventricular (RV) involvement in congenital and acquired heart diseases. There is increasing recognition of the contribution of RV dysfunction in heart diseases affecting children and adolescents, but there is insufficient information on reference intervals for the echocardiographic measurements of the right heart in children and adolescents that represent all the continental populations of the world.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this systematic review was to collate, from published studies, normative data for echocardiographic evaluation of the right heart in children and adolescents, and to identify gaps in knowledge in this field especially with respect to sub-Saharan Africans. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search to identify studies of reference intervals for right heart measurements as determined by transthoracic echocardiography in healthy children and adolescents of school-going age. Articles were retrieved from electronic databases with a combination of search terms from the earliest date available until May 2013. RESULTS: Reference data were available for a broad range of variables. Fifty one studies out of 3096 publications were included. The sample sizes of the reference populations ranged from 13 to 2036 with ages varying from 5 to 21 years. We identified areas lacking sufficient reference data. These included reference data for determining right atrial size, tricuspid valve area, RV dimensions and areas, the RV % fractional area change, pulmonary artery pressure gradients and the right-sided haemodynamics, including the inferior vena cava dimensions and collapsibility. There were no data for sub-Saharan African children and adolescents. CONCLUSION: Reliable reference data are lacking for important echocardiographic measurements of the RV in children and adolescents, especially for sub-Saharan Africans