A π-conjugated inorganic polymer constructed from boron difluoride formazanates and platinum(II) diynes

The first example of a π-conjugated polymer incorporating boron difluoride (BF2) formazanates is introduced. The film-forming properties, controllable reduction chemistry, and low optical band gap (ca. 1.4 eV) of the polymer make it an excellent candidate for use as a light-harvesting n-type semiconductor in organic electronics. Comparison of the polymer to model compounds confirmed that its unique optoelectronic properties can be directly attributed to the presence of the BF2 formazanate repeat unit and that the [Pt(PBu3)2]2+ unit must also be present to achieve the narrow band gaps observed

EDUCAÇÃO E NÃO EMANCIPAÇÃO: OS LIMITES OBJETIVOS DA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR NO CAPITALISMO INDUSTRIAL CONTEMPORÂNEO

RESUMO: O presente escrito teve como objetivo analisar a necessidade da educação escolar para o desenvolvimento do ora vigente modo de produção capitalista industrial. Esta análise se baseia na investigação e exposição de Marx dos momentos constitutivos do capital por meio do modo de produção industrial de mercadorias. Em suma, procuramos demonstrar a partir dos escritos, principalmente, de Marx, Adorno e Marcuse que a demanda do modo de produção capitalista por uma massa de indivíduos oriundos da educação escolar não existe, pois a maioria de suas demandas radica nele mesmo, modo de produção, e é solucionada por ele mesmo em seu processo de constituição, não em um elemento externo e ideal, como é o caso da educação escolar

Lipids in meso- and bathypelagic fishes from the North Atlantic Ocean: dietary inputs suggested from fatty acid trophic markers

Trophic interactions of mesopelagic fishes are key pathways in the vertical transport of carbon through the biological carbon pump. However, diet and feeding behaviours of many members of the mesopelagic community, including lanternfish (Myctophidae) and bristlemouths (Gonostomatidae), remain poorly resolved. We obtained specimens from 1 species of lanternfish, Benthosema glaciale, and several bristlemouths of the genus Cyclothone, from 8 locations in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, within 19-22° W and 20-55° N, at depths down to 1900 m, and used fatty acid trophic marker (FATM) analysis to assess the main dietary sources and potential feeding habits of those fish. We compared the FA profiles of the fish to those of their zooplankton prey sampled at the same time and locations. The fatty acid composition of the fish separated them into 3 distinct groups. The first group, which included only B. glaciale, was characterized by the phytoplankton trophic markers 16:4 and 18:4(n-3), indicating that the fish had fed on primary consumers, likely zooplankton. The second group included C. microdon and 2 unidentified Cyclothone sp. and was characterized by the monounsaturated FA markers 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11), indicative of lipid-rich calanoid copepods. Finally, the third group, comprising C. pseudopallida and 22 unidentified Cyclothone sp., was characterized by bacterial FA markers (15:0 and 17:0) and saturated FAs (16:0 and 18:0) that, in the deep sea, are likely associated with marine snow. The results show that meso- and bathypelagic fishes sahttps://stirling-research.worktribe.com/record_edit.jx?recordid=1932531&goto=10&propertyrecordfieldsstring=|recordprogress|recordtext4|recordtext31|recordtext49|recordtext45|recordtext36|recordtext68|recordtext69|recordtext70|recordtext85|recordtext24|recordtext23|recordtext91|recordtext130|recordtext129|recordtext71|recordname|recordtext105|recordtext21|recordtext18|recorddate19|recorddate1|recorddate2|recorddate9|recorddate14|recorddate6|recordtext66|recordtext95|recordtext6|recordtext43|recordtext29|recordtext133|recordtext58|recordtext10|recordtext140|recordtext28|recordtext50|recordtext7|recordtext11|recordtext12|recordtext52|recordtext8|recordnumber6|recordtext44|recordtext112|recordtext106|recordtext17|recordtext65|recordtext128|recorddate4|recorddate5|recordtext113|recordtext114|recordtext74|recordtext48|recorddate13|recordtext76|recordtext77|recordtext72|recordtext61|recordtext80|recordtext81|recorddate11|recordtext59|recordtext46|recordtext63|recordtext62|recordnumber1|recordtext25|recordtext124|recordtext125|recordtext13|recordtext53|recordtext9|recordtext123|recordtext5|recordtext107|recordtext126|recordtext3|recordtext116|recordtext96|recordtext87|recordtext89|recordtext41|recordassignedto|#mpled at different locations will display differences in FA profiles, reflecting distinct dietary sources. In this way, FATMs may facilitate a better understanding of trophic interactions and energy transfer in deep ocean ecosystems

Process evaluation in the field: global learnings from seven implementation research hypertension projects in low-and middle-income countries.

BACKGROUND:Process evaluation is increasingly recognized as an important component of effective implementation research and yet, there has been surprisingly little work to understand what constitutes best practice. Researchers use different methodologies describing causal pathways and understanding barriers and facilitators to implementation of interventions in diverse contexts and settings. We report on challenges and lessons learned from undertaking process evaluation of seven hypertension intervention trials funded through the Global Alliance of Chronic Diseases (GACD). METHODS:Preliminary data collected from the GACD hypertension teams in 2015 were used to inform a template for data collection. Case study themes included: (1) description of the intervention, (2) objectives of the process evaluation, (3) methods including theoretical basis, (4) main findings of the study and the process evaluation, (5) implications for the project, policy and research practice and (6) lessons for future process evaluations. The information was summarized and reported descriptively and narratively and key lessons were identified. RESULTS:The case studies were from low- and middle-income countries and Indigenous communities in Canada. They were implementation research projects with intervention arm. Six theoretical approaches were used but most comprised of mixed-methods approaches. Each of the process evaluations generated findings on whether interventions were implemented with fidelity, the extent of capacity building, contextual factors and the extent to which relationships between researchers and community impacted on intervention implementation. The most important learning was that although process evaluation is time consuming, it enhances understanding of factors affecting implementation of complex interventions. The research highlighted the need to initiate process evaluations early on in the project, to help guide design of the intervention; and the importance of effective communication between researchers responsible for trial implementation, process evaluation and outcome evaluation. CONCLUSION:This research demonstrates the important role of process evaluation in understanding implementation process of complex interventions. This can help to highlight a broad range of system requirements such as new policies and capacity building to support implementation. Process evaluation is crucial in understanding contextual factors that may impact intervention implementation which is important in considering whether or not the intervention can be translated to other contexts

Process evaluation in the field: global learnings from seven implementation research hypertension projects in low-and middle-income countries

Background Process evaluation is increasingly recognized as an important component of effective implementation research and yet, there has been surprisingly little work to understand what constitutes best practice. Researchers use different methodologies describing causal pathways and understanding barriers and facilitators to implementation of interventions in diverse contexts and settings. We report on challenges and lessons learned from undertaking process evaluation of seven hypertension intervention trials funded through the Global Alliance of Chronic Diseases (GACD). Methods Preliminary data collected from the GACD hypertension teams in 2015 were used to inform a template for data collection. Case study themes included: (1) description of the intervention, (2) objectives of the process evaluation, (3) methods including theoretical basis, (4) main findings of the study and the process evaluation, (5) implications for the project, policy and research practice and (6) lessons for future process evaluations. The information was summarized and reported descriptively and narratively and key lessons were identified. Results The case studies were from low- and middle-income countries and Indigenous communities in Canada. They were implementation research projects with intervention arm. Six theoretical approaches were used but most comprised of mixed-methods approaches. Each of the process evaluations generated findings on whether interventions were implemented with fidelity, the extent of capacity building, contextual factors and the extent to which relationships between researchers and community impacted on intervention implementation. The most important learning was that although process evaluation is time consuming, it enhances understanding of factors affecting implementation of complex interventions. The research highlighted the need to initiate process evaluations early on in the project, to help guide design of the intervention; and the importance of effective communication between researchers responsible for trial implementation, process evaluation and outcome evaluation. Conclusion This research demonstrates the important role of process evaluation in understanding implementation process of complex interventions. This can help to highlight a broad range of system requirements such as new policies and capacity building to support implementation. Process evaluation is crucial in understanding contextual factors that may impact intervention implementation which is important in considering whether or not the intervention can be translated to other contexts

Chemotactic and Inflammatory Responses in the Liver and Brain Are Associated with Pathogenesis of Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection in the Mouse

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a major human and animal pathogen associated with severe disease including hemorrhagic fever or encephalitis. RVFV is endemic to parts of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, but there is significant concern regarding its introduction into non-endemic regions and the potentially devastating effect to livestock populations with concurrent infections of humans. To date, there is little detailed data directly comparing the host response to infection with wild-type or vaccine strains of RVFV and correlation with viral pathogenesis. Here we characterized clinical and systemic immune responses to infection with wild-type strain ZH501 or IND vaccine strain MP-12 in the C57BL/6 mouse. Animals infected with live-attenuated MP-12 survived productive viral infection with little evidence of clinical disease and minimal cytokine response in evaluated tissues. In contrast, ZH501 infection was lethal, caused depletion of lymphocytes and platelets and elicited a strong, systemic cytokine response which correlated with high virus titers and significant tissue pathology. Lymphopenia and platelet depletion were indicators of disease onset with indications of lymphocyte recovery correlating with increases in G-CSF production. RVFV is hepatotropic and in these studies significant clinical and histological data supported these findings; however, significant evidence of a pro-inflammatory response in the liver was not apparent. Rather, viral infection resulted in a chemokine response indicating infiltration of immunoreactive cells, such as neutrophils, which was supported by histological data. In brains of ZH501 infected mice, a significant chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine response was evident, but with little pathology indicating meningoencephalitis. These data suggest that RVFV pathogenesis in mice is associated with a loss of liver function due to liver necrosis and hepatitis yet the long-term course of disease for those that might survive the initial hepatitis is neurologic in nature which is supported by observations of human disease and the BALB/c mouse model

Guía para la interpretación penal de delitos en comunidades

Curso de Especial Interés: Perfilación Criminal Aplicada a la Investigación del Delito ViolentoEl presente trabajo tiene como finalidad la realización de una guía para la interpretación de delitos en comunidades indígenas mediante un comparativo entre la jurisdicción ordinaria colombiana y la jurisdicción especial indígena, como bien se sabe la administración de justicia en Colombia se constituye en una función Pública e independiente. Este producto promete ser el primero en su categoría, proporcionando a los usuarios una guía práctica.Resumen 1. Objetivos 2. Marco teórico- histórico 3. Marco legal 4. Marco ético 5. Objetivos 6. Resultados Conclusiones ReferenciasPregradoPsicólog