Kyste hydatique primitif du sein

Le kyste hydatique du sein est une parasitose rare même dans les pays endémiques. Nous rapportons une nouvelle observation d’une patiente de30 ans qui présentait une masse du sein gauche. Le diagnostic de kyste hydatique du sein a été évoqué devant les données de l’examen cliniqueet de la mammographie couplée à l’échographie. Le geste chirurgical a consisté en une kystectomie. L’examen anatomopathologique de la pièceopératoire a confirmé le diagnostic.Key words: Kyste hydatique, sein, échographie, mammographi

Manifestations ophtalmologiques du lupus chez l’enfant

Le lupus  à début pédiatrique est une maladie souvent sévère, dont la morbidité à long terme est importante. Ses manifestations ophtalmologiques sont variées et peuvent être révélatrices.  Elles sont  représentées par les nodules cotonneux avec ou sans hémorragies intra rétiniennes. Les auteurs rapportent l'observation d'un enfant  ayant un lupus érythémateux disséminé qui a présenté une vascularite  rétinienne

Developing "personality" taxonomies: Metatheoretical and methodological rationales underlying selection approaches, methods of data generation and reduction principles

Taxonomic "personality" models are widely used in research and applied fields. This article applies the Transdisciplinary Philosophy-of-Science Paradigm for Research on Individuals (TPS-Paradigm) to scrutinise the three methodological steps that are required for developing comprehensive “personality” taxonomies: 1) the approaches used to select the phenomena and events to be studied, 2) the methods used to generate data about the selected phenomena and events and 3) the reduction principles used to extract the “most important” individual-specific variations for constructing “personality” taxonomies. Analyses of some currently popular taxonomies reveal frequent mismatches between the researchers’ explicit and implicit metatheories about “personality” and the abilities of previous methodologies to capture the particular kinds of phenomena toward which they are targeted. Serious deficiencies that preclude scientific quantifications are identified in standardised questionnaires, psychology’s established standard method of investigation. These mismatches and deficiencies derive from the lack of an explicit formulation and critical reflection on the philosophical and metatheoretical assumptions being made by scientists and from the established practice of radically matching the methodological tools to researchers’ preconceived ideas and to pre-existing statistical theories rather than to the particular phenomena and individuals under study. These findings raise serious doubts about the ability of previous taxonomies to appropriately and comprehensively reflect the phenomena towards which they are targeted and the structures of individual-specificity occurring in them. The article elaborates and illustrates with empirical examples methodological principles that allow researchers to appropriately meet the metatheoretical requirements and that are suitable for comprehensively exploring individuals’ “personality”

L’EVENTRATION ISCHIATIQUE A PROPOS D’UN NOUVEAU CAS

The ischia incisional hernia is a rare complication of surgery following the pelvic floor excisions. It is seen in about 1% after amputation abdominoperineal and 3% after pelvectomy. It is probably underestimated; only complicated and surgically forms are reported. We report a new observation of a patient who presented a recurrent suppuration of betook treated by simple incisions. . Seven months later, she presented symptomatic perineal hernia. The scan showed the protrusion of intra-abdominal viscera through a defect in the pelvic floor. Surgical treatment by direct elective way, using a polypropylene mesh was conducted. The patient was followed –up after his operation 4 years with no complications or evidence of a recurrent perineal hernia Prevention of The ischia incisional hernia is based on a first mininvasif of the pelvic floor, especially in the elderly. Mesh repair is recommended in the rare cases reported.L’éventration ischiatique est une complication peu fréquente de la chirurgie du plancher pelvien. Elle se voit environ dans 1 % après amputation abdominopérinéale et 3 % après pelvectomie. Elle est probablement sous-estimée, seules les formes compliquées et prises en charge chirurgicalement sont décrites. Nous rapportons une nouvelle observation d’une patiente qui a présenté une suppuration récidivante de la région pré sacrée diagnostiquée initialement comme sinus pilonidal et traitée par de simples incisions. La tomodensitométrie révélait l’existence d’un kyste pré sacré qui a été reséqué en totalité par voie sagittale postérieure coccygienne. Le diagnostique final est celui d’un kyste épidermoide bénin. L’évolution a été favorable avec assèchement complet de la suppuration. Sept mois plu tard, apparition d une voussure symptomatique de la région fessière basse ou ischiatique avec dyschésie évoquant une récidive du kyste. La tomodensitométrie montrait l’existence de structures digestives dans cette voussure et le diagnostic d éventration ischiatique gênante a été retenu. Une cure chirurgicale par voie élective directe, utilisant une prothèse de polypropylène a été effectuée. Les suites étaient simples avec amélioration de la dyschésie et sans récidive après un recul de quatre ans. L’éventration ischiatique doit être évoquée devant toute voussure de la région ischiatique ou fessière survenant dans les suites d’un traumatisme ou d une chirurgie antérieure .Sa prévention repose sur un abord mininvasif du plancher pelvien surtout chez les sujets âgés. La réparation prothétique est actuellement conseillée dans les très rares cas rapportés

TECHNIQUE DE LA PLASTIE EN LLL DANS LE TRAITEMENT DU SINUS PILONIDAL

The pilonidal sinus is a benign affection who recovers essentially from a surgical treatment. His etiopathogeny remains still badly clarified and the best adapted surgical treatment still discussed. We detail here the technique of the LLL flap and we quote the advantages and the inconveniences of this technique.Le sinus pilonidal est une affection bénigne qui relève essentiellement d’un traitement chirurgical. Son étiopathogénie reste encore mal élucidée et le traitement chirurgical le mieux adapté est toujours discuté.  Nous détaillons ici la technique de la plastie en LLL et nous citons les avantages et les inconvénients de cette technique

Conceiving “personality”: Psychologist’s challenges and basic fundamentals of the Transdisciplinary Philosophy-of-Science Paradigm for Research on Individuals

Scientists exploring individuals, as such scientists are individuals themselves and thus not independent from their objects of research, encounter profound challenges; in particular, high risks for anthropo-, ethno- and ego-centric biases and various fallacies in reasoning. The Transdisciplinary Philosophy-of-Science Paradigm for Research on Individuals (TPS-Paradigm) aims to tackle these challenges by exploring and making explicit the philosophical presuppositions that are being made and the metatheories and methodologies that are used in the field. This article introduces basic fundamentals of the TPS-Paradigm including the epistemological principle of complementarity and metatheoretical concepts for exploring individuals as living organisms. Centrally, the TPS-Paradigm considers three metatheoretical properties (spatial location in relation to individuals’ bodies, temporal extension, and physicality versus “non-physicality”) that can be conceived in different forms for various kinds of phenomena explored in individuals (morphology, physiology, behaviour, the psyche, semiotic representations, artificially modified outer appearances and contexts). These properties, as they determine the phenomena’s accessibility in everyday life and research, are used to elaborate philosophy-of-science foundations and to derive general methodological implications for the elementary problem of phenomenon-methodology matching and for scientific quantification of the various kinds of phenomena studied. On the basis of these foundations, the article explores the metatheories and methodologies that are used or needed to empirically study each given kind of phenomenon in individuals in general. Building on these general implications, the article derives special implications for exploring individuals’ “personality”, which the TPS-Paradigm conceives of as individual-specificity in all of the various kinds of phenomena studied in individuals

Visceral leishmaniasis in 26 HIV-negative adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Visceral leishmaniasis is a notifiable parasitic disease that had increased in incidence in our region on the past few years. It is common in children. In adults, it occurs more on a background of immunodeficiency, and frequently with incomplete clinical manifestations, making the diagnosis complicated.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>The aim of our study is to reveal different features of visceral leishmaniasis in adults, through the analysis of its epidemiological, clinical and biological parameters, in a group of 26 patients. No one was infected with HIV or under immunosuppressive therapy Clinical presentation was generally conservative, but there was few differences in adults compared to children, concerning both the clinical symptoms and the laboratory parameters. Diagnosis was provided by direct examination of bone marrow smears in 24 cases (sensitivity 92%), and anti-leishmanial serology in the others.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We should think to the diagnosis of VL even if the patient is not known immunocompromised, and even if the clinical is incomplete, to avoid a delay of care which can lead to serious complications.</p