The migrant voice : the politics of writing home between the Sinophone and Anglophone worlds

This paper addresses the politics of language, identity, and diasporic Chinese writing in old and emerging Chinese migrant literature. I opt for the idea of a “migrant subject” as brought up by Ha Jin to underscore a diverse verbal strategy and mobile literary creativity: that of the migrant writer who initiates linguistic and literary perversions to actively intervene in the cultural politics of both the host country and the motherland. The article proceeds to recuperate the diasporic narratives of Sinophone authors Bai Xianyong and Nie Hualing as two earlier examples of migrant writers before Ha, which exemplified the Cold War phase of overseas Chinese American writing. Whereas writing in an adopted tongue of English, as attested by Ha himself, unleashes his creative and critical urges, for Bai and Nie writing in Chinese in a foreign land as America does likewise and ushers in the critical distance cherished by the migrant writers to work on such subject matters as exile and cultural alienation. Originally written in Chinese or English, their migrant voices bring in a minor language to major traditions (Chinese literature and American English literature). Tracing the historical trajectory of migrant literature, in which Sinophone and Anglophone texts are increasingly translated and circulated between cultures, I stress the gains in translation and intercultural writing as the migrant subject can stand valid as a position for writers of transnational literary creativity

Screening without China: Transregional Cinematic Smuggling between Cold War Taiwan and Colonial Hong Kong

How can research into film policy inform us about the nature of power and cultural politics regarding film censorship? How does censorship affect the aesthetics and identity of film-making produced under political and market constraints? Focusing on the geopolitical regions of British Hong Kong, Taiwan, and China, this article delineates the impact of British colonial film censorship and the politics of cinematically representing revolutionary China during the Cold War. It reveals that British Hong Kong censors changed their strategy in the 1970s and 80s from suppressing mainland Chinese films to inhibiting films that might offend China from screening in Hong Kong. The evidence points to a distinctive picture of transregional smuggling and cinematic boundary-crossing, namely, the dangerous trafficking and interception of movie images, ideologies, and propaganda. Film screening of ‘China’ in Hong Kong and Taiwan was subject to strict official surveillance to quarantine undesirable public visuality and political discourses. The study examines film’s ambiguous expressions of China and Chineseness as it constantly negotiated the factors of colonialism, Chinese nationalism, and Cold War transnational politics. 電影政策的研究如何揭示電影審查的權力機制及其文化政治的本質？在政治和市場的約束下，審查制度又如何影響電影製作的美學和自我定位？本文將聚焦英殖香港、台灣和中國這三個地緣政治區域，探討英國在殖民地實行的電影審查制度的影響，以及冷戰時期電影革命對中國政治的指涉。 1970至80年代期間，英殖香港的電影審查員改變了以往審查策略，從打壓中國大陸的電影變成禁止在香港放映可能會冒犯中國的電影。從這種策略上的改變可以看出跨地域“走私”音像影視對意識形態和宣傳領域的獨特影響。在當時的香港和台灣，放映和觀看有關「中國」的電影受到官方的嚴格監控，以杜絶可能惹是生非的公眾現象和政治話語。本文將呈現冷戰時期的港台電影及其在中國和中國性這兩個概念上模棱兩可的表達，研究在這種視覺記錄中，人們面對和處理殖民主義、中國民族主義和冷戰跨國政治等問題的過程。電影政策的研究如何揭示電影審查的權力機制及其文化政治的本質？在政治和市場的約束下，審查制度又如何影響電影製作的美學和自我定位？本文將聚焦英殖香港、台灣和中國這三個地緣政治區域，探討英國在殖民地實行的電影審查制度的影響，以及冷戰時期電影革命對中國政治的指涉。 1970至80年代期間，英殖香港的電影審查員改變了以往審查策略，從打壓中國大陸的電影變成禁止在香港放映可能會冒犯中國的電影。從這種策略上的改變可以看出跨地域“走私”音像影視對意識形態和宣傳領域的獨特影響。在當時的香港和台灣，放映和觀看有關「中國」的電影受到官方的嚴格監控，以杜絶可能惹是生非的公眾現象和政治話語。本文將呈現冷戰時期的港台電影及其在中國和中國性這兩個概念上模棱兩可的表達，研究在這種視覺記錄中，人們面對和處理殖民主義、中國民族主義和冷戰跨國政治等問題的過程

Manajemen Stratejik pada Organisasi Sektor Publik

Unsatisfactory that comes from society as public services customer to the public sector organizations\u27 performance causing the need of this sector to reform soon. Negative opinions to the public sector organization at one side and the assumptions that private sector organization management is better than public sector organization in other side causing thought from academicians and practitioners to adopt private sector\u27s management approaches. One of those approaches is strategic management that is usually applied in private sector institutions. There are some adaptations have to be considered while adopt strategic management, considering characteristic differences between public and private sector organizations. New Public Management (Christopher Hood, 1991) and Reinventing Government (David Osborne and Ted Gaebler, 1992) are two concepts that viewed as a form of public management and administration modernization or reformation

A consideration of some geographical factors influencing the distribution of population in British Columbia

In 1931 the population of British Columbia numbered 694,000. Considering the large area of the Province, the total is small, but that may be considered a natural consequence of the generally mountainous character of the region. Two important facts emerge from an examination of the settlement of British Columbia :- 1) that settlement in the region was retarded, being practically negligible until the second half of the Nineteenth Century, so that the size of the present population is indicative of rapid development. 2) that the distribution of population even on land apparently suitable for settlement is highly irregular; for example, the Province includes one area of dense urban and rural settlement in the Lower Mainland, but large areas of relatively level land in the centre of the Province are still sparsely settled. This thesis attempts to put forward a geographical explanation of these two points, and also to suggest future developments which may lead to a re-distribution of the population. The Economic development of the area has occurred only within the last hundred years, for even as late as 1818 so little was known of the resources of the North-West of America that the Governments of U.S.A. and Canada agreed to share equally the trade of the whole region "West of the Rockies and North of California," Within less than thirty years, however, such an arrangement proved impossible, owing to the penetration of the region by pioneers, (mainly mining prospectors) and it was necessary to delimit the area for which each Government was responsible, 49 N. lat. was chosen as the dividing line, and British interests were concentrated on the area to the North of it. At the time of the first Census in 1871, the colony contained 35,000 people, 25,000 of whom were American Indians, so that, though immigration occurred it took place slowly during the middle of the century, At the end of the next thirty years the population numbered 178,000, and the rate of increase has been still more rapid in the last three decades. The present population consists mainly of immigrants from the British isles, particularly from England, Non-British Europeans form 14% of the total, Scandinavians, French, Italians and Germans being the most numerous, but they do not form any well-marked national groups, and their presence has not caused any political problems to arise, Asiatics form 7.2% of the population, and their presence has led to racial animosity on the part of the workers, and has increased the interest which, from its position, British. Columbia would naturally feel in Pacific political questions. In an endeavour to solve the problems which are apparent, an examination has been made of the position of the province, of the topographical, geological and climatic conditions found and of the natural resources which have successively become open to exploitation. Detailed investigation of the conditions prevailing in the more densely populated areas of the Province has been made, in order to emphasize the advantages which the latter possess which enable them to support a large proportion of the population.<p

Resolution III of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Timor Gap Treaty

Australia and Indonesia signed the Timor Gap Treaty in 1989 as a means to jointly benefit from the petroleum reserves in the Timor Sea between East Timor and northwestern Australia without permanently resolving their dispute over seabed delimitation. The Treaty utilizes rights granted by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III, 1982). Resolution III of the UNCLOS III provides the benefit of the Convention\u27s rights to United Nations-recognized non-self-governing peoples, which includes the East Timorese people. Under Resolution III, the East Timorese are entitled to all of the Convention\u27s rights, including sovereignty over natural resources in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The Timor Gap Treaty violates international law by using the UNCLOS III\u27s rights to exploit petroleum reserves within the East Timorese people\u27s EEZ, a seabed area reserved to the East Timorese under Resolution III. Australia and Indonesia cannot assume the benefits of the UNCLOS III without also respecting its obligations. The International Court of Justice may adjudicate the validity of the Timor Gap Treaty in a pending case, East Timor (Portugal v. Australia)

Quantitative analysis of ruminal methanogenic microbial populations in beef cattle divergent in phenotypic residual feed intake (RFI) offered contrasting diets

peer-reviewedBackground Methane (CH4) emissions in cattle are an undesirable end product of rumen methanogenic fermentative activity as they are associated not only with negative environmental impacts but also with reduced host feed efficiency. The aim of this study was to quantify total and specific rumen microbial methanogenic populations in beef cattle divergently selected for residual feed intake (RFI) while offered (i) a low energy high forage (HF) diet followed by (ii) a high energy low forage (LF) diet. Ruminal fluid was collected from 14 high (H) and 14 low (L) RFI animals across both dietary periods. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted to quantify the abundance of total and specific rumen methanogenic microbes. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between the relative abundance of methanogens and animal performance, rumen fermentation variables and diet digestibility. Results Abundance of methanogens, did not differ between RFI phenotypes. However, relative abundance of total and specific methanogen species was affected (P < 0.05) by diet type, with greater abundance observed while animals were offered the LF compared to the HF diet. Conclusions These findings suggest that differences in abundance of specific rumen methanogen species may not contribute to variation in CH4 emissions between efficient and inefficient animals, however dietary manipulation can influence the abundance of total and specific methanogen species.Funding for the development and main work of this research was provided under the National Development Plan, through the Research Stimulus Fund, administered by the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Food, Ireland RSF 05 224

Personal Branding Selebgram Balita Tatan (@Jrsugianto) Di Sosial Media Instagram

Tatan merupakan selebgram Balita yang berasal dari keluarga non-artis dengan followers terbanyak sebesar 3,5 juta. Followers yang banyak merupakan ciri-ciri dari seseorang yang memiliki ciri khas. Ciri khas sendiri merupakan ka­rakteristik personal branding. Fenomena terbentuknya personal branding Tatan menarik untuk diteliti. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif analisis konten, dipe­r­oleh model V dalam membentuk personal branding. Personal branding ter­ben­tuk dari identity yang terdiri dari role standart dan role style dan positioning yang ter­diri dari script, appearance, manner, dan verbal yang dilakukan secara konsisten. Model Hasil penelitian ini memberikan manfaat akademis mengenai proses ter­bentuknya personal branding dan praktisi dalam membentuk personal branding yang membutuhkan tahap identity dan positioning yang dilakukan secara konsisten