Aplicacao do kDNA-PCR para diagnostico de rotina de leishmaniose tegumentar americana em um hospital de referencia

SUMMARY This study evaluated the applicability of kDNA-PCR as a prospective routine diagnosis method for American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in patients from the Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas (IIER), a reference center for infectious diseases in São Paulo - SP, Brazil. The kDNA-PCR method detected Leishmania DNA in 87.5% (112/128) of the clinically suspected ATL patients, while the traditional methods demonstrated the following percentages of positivity: 62.8% (49/78) for the Montenegro skin test, 61.8% (47/76) for direct investigation, and 19.3% (22/114) for in vitro culture. The molecular method was able to confirm the disease in samples considered negative or inconclusive by traditional laboratory methods, contributing to the final clinical diagnosis and therapy of ATL in this hospital. Thus, we strongly recommend the inclusion of kDNA-PCR amplification as an alternative diagnostic method for ATL, suggesting a new algorithm routine to be followed to help the diagnosis and treatment of ATL in IIER.RESUMO Este estudo avaliou a aplicabilidade do kDNA-PCR como método de rotina para diagnóstico de leishmaniose tegumentar americana (ATL) no Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas (IIER), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. O método kDNA-PCR detectou DNA de Leishmania em 87,5% (112/128) dos pacientes com suspeita de ter leishmaniose e, os métodos tradicionais apresentaram as seguintes porcentagens de positividade: 62,8% (49/78) para o teste de Montenegro, 61,8% (47/76) para a pesquisa direta e 19,3% (22/114) para cultura in vitro. O método molecular confirmou a doença em amostras negativas ou inconclusivas pelos métodos laboratoriais tradicionais e, mostrou-se capaz de auxiliar na identificação de infecções causadas pela espécie Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. Além disso, a revisão dos prontuários médicos confirmou a importância do método PCR-RFLP no diagnóstico final de ATL, prognóstico e escolha do tratamento. Assim, recomendamos a inclusão do PCR como método diagnóstico de ATL na rotina hospitalar, e sugerimos um fluxograma para solicitação de exames laboratoriais

Rapid tree carbon stock recovery in managed Amazonian forests.

While around 20% of the Amazonian forest has been cleared for pastures and agriculture, one fourth of the remaining forest is dedicated to wood production [1] . Most of these production forests have been or will be selectively harvested for commercial timber, but recent studies show that even soon after logging, harvested stands retain much of their tree-biomass carbon and biodiversity [2,3] . Comparing species richness of various animal taxa among logged and unlogged forests across the tropics, Burivalova et al.[4] found that despite some variability among taxa, biodiversity loss was generally explained by logging intensity (the number of trees extracted). Here, we use a network of 79 permanent sample plots (376 ha total) located at 10 sites across the Amazon Basin [5] to assess the main drivers of time-to-recovery of post-logging tree carbon ( Table S1 ). Recovery time is of direct relevance to policies governing management practices (i.e., allowable volumes cut and cutting cycle lengths), and indirectly to forest-based climate change mitigation interventions

The tropical managed forests observatory: a research network addressing the future of tropical logged forests.

While attention on logging in the tropics has been increasing, studies on the long-term effects of silviculture on forest dynamics and ecology remain scare and spatially limited. Indeed, most of our knowledge on tropical forests arises from studies carried out in undisturbed tropical forests. This biasis problematic given that logged and disturbed tropical forests are now covering a larger area thantheso-alled primary forests. A new network of permanent sample plots in logged forests, the Tropical managed Forests Observatory (TmFO), aims to ?ll this gap by providing unprecedented opportunities to examine long-term data on the resilience of logged tropical forests at regional and global scales. TmFO currently includes 24 experimental sites distributed across three tropical regions, with a total of 490 permanent plots and 921 ha of forest inventories