Securing Privacy in BSN with Chaos Based Image Encryption Scheme

BSN play the vital role in the field of telemedicine. In BSN sensor nodes transmit different physiological information, thus privacy and security of these information become very important in these networks. In this paper we have presented a simple and secure scheme for image encryption using one-dimensional chaotic maps. This image encryption scheme first shuffles the position of pixel values using bit-level permutation method and then changes the gray values to make the complex relationship between original plain image and encrypted image. Image scrambling and diffusing, both operations are performed by logistic map and tent map. Various experiments have been conducted to test the robustness and security of proposed image cipher algorithm and the experimental results shows that the proposed scheme is resistant to different cryptanalytic attacks and provides adequate security

An Epidemiological Investigation of Acute Diarrheal Disease Outbreak at Urban Area in Borsad Taluka of Anand District

Introduction: Acute Diarrheal Disease (ADD) is affecting millions of people around the world especially in second world nations now a days. Major pathogenic organisms that cause diarrhea, are transmitted through feco-oral route. We investigated an outbreak of Acute Diarrheal Disease at urban area of Borsad taluka, Anand District of Gujarat state with Objectives: 1. To confirm the existence of an outbreak, 2. To know the magnitude and distribution of the outbreak with reference to time, place and person, 3. To identify the source of infection, mode of transmission and implement control and preventive measures. Method: A Cross Sectional Epidemiological study was carried out to investigate the outbreak of acute diarrheal disease cases in urban area of Borsad taluka. We obtained required information from Chief District Health Office, Anand &, Community Health Centre, borsad, conducted house to house survey and also inspected the sanitation and water supply of the affected area. Results: There were 72 cases of acute diarrheal disease. The overall Attack Rate was 0.43%. Majority of the affected population used nonchlorinated water for drinking. Conclusion: The underlying cause for the outbreak of acute diarrheal disease can be co-related by consumption of contaminated water and food

Telomere Shortening Impairs Regeneration of the Olfactory Epithelium in Response to Injury but Not Under Homeostatic Conditions

Atrophy of the olfactory epithelium (OE) associated with impaired olfaction and dry nose represents one of the most common phenotypes of human aging. Impairment in regeneration of a functional olfactory epithelium can also occur in response to injury due to infection or nasal surgery. These complications occur more frequently in aged patients. Although age is the most unifying risk factor for atrophic changes and functional decline of the olfactory epithelium, little is known about molecular mechanisms that could influence maintenance and repair of the olfactory epithelium. Here, we analyzed the influence of telomere shortening (a basic mechanism of cellular aging) on homeostasis and regenerative reserve in response to chemical induced injury of the OE in late generation telomere knockout mice (G3 mTerc−/−) with short telomeres compared to wild type mice (mTerc+/+) with long telomeres. The study revealed no significant influence of telomere shortening on homeostatic maintenance of the OE during mouse aging. In contrast, the regenerative response to chemical induced injury of the OE was significantly impaired in G3 mTerc−/− mice compared to mTerc+/+ mice. Seven days after chemical induced damage, G3 mTerc−/− mice exhibited significantly enlarged areas of persisting atrophy compared to mTerc+/+ mice (p = 0.031). Telomere dysfunction was associated with impairments in cell proliferation in the regenerating epithelium. Deletion of the cell cycle inhibitor, Cdkn1a (p21) rescued defects in OE regeneration in telomere dysfunctional mice. Together, these data indicate that telomere shortening impairs the regenerative capacity of the OE by impairing cell cycle progression in a p21-dependent manner. These findings could be relevant for the impairment in OE function in elderly people

Perspectives for biocatalytic lignin utilization: cleaving 4-O-5 and C??-C?? bonds in dimeric lignin model compounds catalyzed by a promiscuous activity of tyrosinase

Background: In the biorefinery utilizing lignocellulosic biomasses, lignin decomposition to value-added phenolic derivatives is a key issue, and recently biocatalytic delignification is emerging owing to its superior selectivity, low energy consumption, and unparalleled sustainability. However, besides heme-containing peroxidases and laccases, information about lignolytic biocatalysts is still limited till date. Results: Herein, we report a promiscuous activity of tyrosinase which is closely associated with delignification requiring high redox potentials (>1.4 V vs. normal hydrogen electrode [NHE]). The promiscuous activity of tyrosinase not only oxidizes veratryl alcohol, a commonly used nonphenolic substrate for assaying ligninolytic activity, to veratraldehyde but also cleaves the 4-O-5 and C??-C?? bonds in 4-phenoxyphenol and guaiacyl glycerol-??-guaiacyl ether (GGE) that are dimeric lignin model compounds. Cyclic voltammograms additionally verified that the promiscuous activity oxidizes lignin-related high redox potential substrates. Conclusion These results might be applicable for extending the versatility of tyrosinase toward biocatalytic delignification as well as suggesting a new perspective for sustainable lignin utilization. Furthermore, the results provide insight for exploring the previously unknown promiscuous activities of biocatalysts much more diverse than ever thought before, thereby innovatively expanding the applicable area of biocatalysis

A study of antenatal services utilisation among reproductive age group females in ahmedabad district surveyed under multi indicator cluster survey 2011

Objective To know about various socio-demographic, cultural and existing utilisation of women health care services of people living in Ahmedabad district. Setting: The study was conducted over a time span of 20 weeks period, from April 2011 till Aug 2011 in selected areas of Ahmedabad district, which has an approximate population of 15,94,010 as per census 2001. Setting The study was conducted over a time span of 20 weeks period, from April 2011 till Aug 2011 in selected areas of Ahmedabad district, which has an approximate population of 15,94,010 as per census 2001. Study Design Cross Sectional Observational Study Participants All the eligible Antenatal Mothers as per sampling technique during the period of 1/7/2010 to 30/6/2011. Methods 30 clusters sampling method based on Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) for cluster selection. Results The total population surveyed was 6,076, those were available in 1060 households with average family size of 6.75. Overall sex ratio was 990 and under-five sex ratio was 1026. Among this BPL card holders families were 34.6% and total SC/ST population surveyed was 32.4%

Nidan Technologies Private Limited (NTPL): The Entrepreneur's Conundrum

The case describes the situation faced by the CEO of Nidan Technologies Private Ltd (NTPL), a first generation entrepreneurial firm struggling to ensure the growth and survival of the new venture viz., SMS based railway enquiry system. Spectrum, Nidan's predecessor which was set up as a small office home office (SOHO) in 1996 had survived for over 8 years by doing small time software development for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jabalpur. Given that everyone involved with Spectrum were first generation entrepreneurs, survival of the venture had given them enough confidence to keep going.In its search for bigger, better margin projects that would give steady income, NTPL had set its eyes on government and public utility projects. SMS based railway enquiry system was the first idea which NTPL believed would take it to the next level. NTPL was successful in convincing the Indian railway's Central West Railway zonal officials about the need for such a system. Though NTPL wanted to tie-up with all the cellular service providers in the circle to offer this service, it could convince only Idea, the largest cellular service provider in the circle in partnering with NTPL for this service. Everything seemed to go well during the nine months trial period. Following an open bid tender, in which NTPL was the sole bidder, commercial operations were started in January 2006. However a year later, it appeared that NTPL was back to square one with around 1.7% of the total rail enquiries in the zone being routed through NTPL's system, Rail Nidan. Breakeven was nowhere in sight.After deliberations, Vishal Karendikar had to decide on one of the following options that had emerged in the January 2007 meeting with his four other partners;a) Bid adieu to the project.b) Make the venture profiable.c) Sell it off to a prospective buyer right now or once the project is on the path to profiability?Entrepreneurship, venture sustenance, scalability, pricing models, performance effects of marketing actions