290 research outputs found
Kondo effect in crossed Luttinger liquids
We study the Kondo effect in two crossed Luttinger liquids, using Boundary
Conformal Field Theory. We predict two types of critical behaviors: either a
two-channel Kondo fixed point with a nonuniversal Wilson ratio, or a new theory
with an anomalous response identical to that found by Furusaki and Nagaosa (for
the Kondo effect in a single Luttinger liquid). Moreover, we discuss the
relevance of perturbations like channel anisotropy, and we make links with the
Kondo effect in a two-band Hubbard system modeled by a channel-dependent
Luttinger Hamiltonian. The suppression of backscattering off the impurity
produces a model similar to the four-channel Kondo theory.Comment: 7 pages, RevteX, to be published in Physical Review
Incidence and risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide following a diagnosis of hematological malignancy.
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This article is open access.Solid tumors are associated with an increased risk of suicide, however, there is limited detailed information on the risk of suicide in patients with hematological malignancies. Therefore, we conducted a population-based study including 47,220 patients with hematological malignancies (diagnosed 1992-2006) and their 235,868 matched controls to define the incidence and risk factors for suicide and suicide attempt. Information on suicides, suicide attempts, and preexisting psychiatric disorders was obtained from Swedish registers and individual medical records. There was a twofold increased (hazard ratio [HR]Â =Â 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.5-2.3, PÂ <Â 0.0001) risk of suicide/suicide attempt during the first 3Â years after diagnosis in patients with hematological malignancies compared to matched controls. Of all hematological malignancies, multiple myeloma was associated with the highest risk (HRÂ =Â 3.4; 2.3-5.0, PÂ <Â 0.0001). Patients with a preexisting psychiatric disorder were at a very high risk of suicide and suicide attempt (HRÂ =Â 23.3; 16.6-32.6, PÂ <Â 0.0001), regardless of type of hematological malignancy. Among patients who committed suicide, 19% were in a palliative phase and 44% were in remission with no active treatment. In conclusion, the risk of suicide and suicide attempt is elevated in patients with hematological malignancies. Certain high-risk patients may benefit from early detection and preventive measures.Swedish Cancer Society
CAN 2012/483
regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet
20120004
Adolf H Lundin Charitable Foundation
Blodcancerfonde
Charge and Spin Quantum Fluids Generated by Many-Electron Interactions
In this paper we describe the electrons of the 1D Hubbard model by a fluid of
unpaired rotated electrons and a fluid of zero-spin rotated-electron pairs. The
rotated electrons are related to the original electrons by a mere unitary
transformation. For all finite values of energy and for the whole parameter
space of the model this two-fluid picture leads to a description of the energy
eigenstates in terms of occupancy configurations of -spin 1/2 holons,
spin 1/2 spinons, and pseudoparticles only. The electronic degrees of
freedom couple to external charge (and spin) probes through the holons and
pseudoparticles (and spinons). Our results refer to very large values of the
number of lattice sites . The holon (and spinon) charge (and spin
transport is made by -holon (and -spinon) composite pseudoparticles
such that .Comment: 25 pages, no figure
Post-fire ecohydrological conditions at peatland margins in different hydrogeological settings of the Boreal Plain
Distribution of spectral weight in a system with disordered stripes
The ``band-structure'' of a disordered stripe array is computed and compared,
at a qualitative level, to angle resolved photoemission experiments on the
cuprate high temperature superconductors. The low-energy states are found to be
strongly localized transverse to the stripe direction, so the electron dynamics
is strictly one-dimensional (along the stripe). Despite this, aspects of the
two dimensional band-structure Fermi surface are still vividly apparent.Comment: 10 pages, 11 figure
One-Dimensional Electron Liquid in an Antiferromagnetic Environment: Spin Gap from Magnetic Correlations
We study a one-dimensional electron liquid coupled by a weak spin-exchange
interaction to an antiferromagnetic spin-S ladder with n legs. A perturbative
renormalization group analysis in the semiclassical limit reveals the opening
of a spin gap, driven by the local magnetic correlations on the ladder. The
effect, which we argue is present for any gapful ladder or gapless ladder with
, is enhanced by the repulsive interaction among the conduction
electrons but is insensitive to the sign of the spin exchange interaction with
the ladder. Possible implications for the striped phases of the cuprates are
discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
The fermi arc and fermi pocket in cuprates in a short-range diagonal stripe phase
In this paper we studied the fermi arc and the fermi pocket in cuprates in a
short-range diagonal stripe phase with wave vectors , which
reproduce with a high accuracy the positions and sizes of the fermi arc and
fermi pocket and the superstructure in cuprates observed by Meng et
al\cite{Meng}. The low-energy spectral function indicates that the fermi pocket
results from the main band and the shadow band at the fermi energy. Above the
fermi energy the shadow band gradually departs away from the main band, leaving
a fermi arc. Thus we conclude that the fermi arc and fermi pocket can be fully
attributed to the stripe phase but has nothing to do with pairing.
Incorporating a d-wave pairing potential in the stripe phase the spectral
weight in the antinodal region is removed, leaving a clean fermi pocket in the
nodal region.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Quantal phases, disorder effects and superconductivity in spin-Peierls systems
In view of recent developments in the investigation on cuprate high-T superconductors and the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO, we study the
effect of dilute impurity doping on the spin-Peierls state in quasi-one
dimensional systems. We identify a common origin for the emergence of
antiferromagnetic order upon the introduction of static vacancies, and
superconductivity for mobile holes.Comment: 4 pages revtex; revised versio
Association of the 894G>T polymorphism in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene with risk of acute myocardial infarction
Background: This study was designed to investigate the association of the 894G>T polymorphism in the eNOS gene with risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary angiography, and in-hospital mortality after AMI.
Methods: We studied 1602 consecutive patients who were enrolled in the GEMIG study. The control group was comprised by 727 individuals, who were randomly selected from the general adult population.
Results: The prevalence of the Asp298 variant of eNOS was not found to be significantly and independently associated with risk of AMI (RR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.77–1.51, P = 0.663), extent of CAD on angiography (OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 0.63–2.23, P = 0.605) and in-hospital mortality (RR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.29–4.04, P = 0.908).
Conclusion: In contrast to previous reports, homozygosity for the Asp298 variant of the 894G>T polymorphism in the eNOS gene was not found to be associated with risk of AMI, extent of CAD and in-hospital mortality after AM
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