121 research outputs found

    Dissociation dynamics of transient anion formed via electron attachment to sulfur dioxide

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    We report the molecular dynamics of dissociative electron attachment to sulfur dioxide (SO2) by measuring the momentum distribution of fragment anions using the velocity slice imaging technique in the electron energy range of 2–10 eV. The S- channel results from symmetric dissociation which exhibits competition between the stretch mode and bending mode of vibration in the excited parent anion. The asymmetric dissociation of parent anions leads to the production of O- and SO- channels where the corresponding neutral fragments are formed in their ground as well as excited electronic states. We also identify that internal excitation of SO- is responsible for its low yield at higher electron energies

    Isolation, characterization and mapping of temperature-sensitive mutants of mycobacteriophage I3

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    Eighteen temperature-sensitive mutants of mycobacteriophage I3 have been isolated and partially characterized. All the mutants were defective in vegetative replication. Based on temperature shift experiments with the temperature sensitive mutants, the thermosensitive phase of the phage development period has been characterized for each mutant. The genes have been mapped by recombination analysis. The early, continuous and middle genes seem to cluster on the genetic ma

    Evaluation of stress intensity factor of multiple inclined cracks under biaxial loading

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    A finite rectangular plate of unit thickness with two inclined cracks (parallel and non parallel) under biaxial mixed mode condition are modelled using finite element method. The finite element method is used for determination of stress intensity factors by ANYSIS software. Effects of crack inclination angle on stress intensity factors for two parallel and non parallel cracks are investigated. The significant effects of different crack inclination parameters on stress intensity factors are seen for lower and upper crack in two inclined crack.The present method is validated by comparing the results from available experimental data obtained by photo elastic method in same condition

    Effect of Boundary Condition on Pre-Existing Crack Under Fatigue Loading

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    ABSTRACT In this paper, the present investigation has been conducted keeping in mind some of the problems concerning the crack propagation direction and growth under constant loading in an inclined crack geometry. The present studies mainly focused on the development and modifications in the crack growth criterion to account the biaxial, shear loading and number of stress terms. Existing criteria for the prediction of crack initiation direction have been modified taking higher order stress terms. The effective methods of experimentally determining the stress intensity factor for a body containing a crack is to analyze the isochromatic pattern obtained from a photoelastic model. The effect of biaxial load factor, crack angle, Crack length/width of specimen and length of specimen/width of specimen were studied and a regression model was developed for geometry correction to predict stress intensity factor for tearing mode and intensity factor for shearing mode. This approach is being used to predict crack growth trajectory under biaxial cyclic loading by assuming that the crack may grow in a number of discrete steps using the vectorial method. MTS criterion (Maximum Tangential Stress criterion) is used for prediction of crack initiating angle. The crack growth trajectory has been determined by cycle simulation procedure

    Dissociative electron attachment to chlorine dioxide probed by velocity slice imaging

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    We report the study of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to chlorine dioxide (OClO) in the energy range of 1 to 10 eV using velocity slice imaging technique. DEA to OClO shows Cl-, O-, O2 -, and OCl- as fragment channels at various electron energies. Based on the momentum images of these ions we unravel the molecular dynamics leading to DEA

    Dissociative electron attachment to molecular chlorine

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    We report the study of dissociative electron attachment to molecular chlorine in the energy range of 1 to 20 eV using velocity slice imaging technique. Based on the angular distributions at various electron energies, we identify the partial waves involved in the resonance formation that lead to DEA

    Dissociative electron attachment dynamics of ozone using velocity slice imaging

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    We report the study of dissociative electron attachment to ozone (O3) in the energy range of 1 to 10 eV using velocity slice imaging technique. Based on the momentum images that we obtained for O- and O2 - channels at various electron energies we unravel the molecular dynamics leading to DEA

    Evaluation of stress intensity factor of multiple inclined cracks under biaxial loading

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    A finite rectangular plate of unit thickness with two inclined cracks (parallel and non parallel) under biaxial mixed mode condition are modelled using finite element method. The finite element method is used for determination of stress intensity factors by ANYSIS software. Effects of crack inclination angle on stress intensity factors for two parallel and non parallel cracks are investigated. The significant effects of different crack inclination parameters on stress intensity factors are seen for lower and upper crack in two inclined crack. The present method is validated by comparing the results from available experimental data obtained by photo elastic method in same condition

    Community youth teams facilitating participatory adolescent groups, youth leadership activities and livelihood promotion to improve school attendance, dietary diversity and mental health among adolescent girls in rural eastern India: protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial

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    BACKGROUND: Improving the health and development of adolescents aged 10-19 years is a global health priority. One in five adolescents globally live in India. The Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK), India's national adolescent health strategy, recommends supporting community-based peer educators to conduct group meetings with boys and girls. Groups aim to give adolescents a space to discuss the social and health issues affecting them and build their capacity to become active community members and leaders. There have been no evaluations of the community component of RKSK to date. In this protocol, we describe the evaluation of the Jharkhand Initiative for Adolescent Health (JIAH), a community intervention aligned with RKSK and designed to improve school attendance, dietary diversity and mental health among adolescent girls aged 10-19 years in rural Jharkhand, eastern India. METHODS: The JIAH intervention is delivered by a community youth team consisting of yuva saathis (friends of youth), youth leadership facilitators and livelihood promoters. Teams conduct (a) peer-led Participatory Learning and Action meetings with girls and boys, mobilising adolescents, parents, health workers, teachers and the wider community to make changes for adolescent health and development; (b) group-based youth leadership activities to build adolescents' confidence and resilience; and (c) livelihood promotion with adolescents and their families to provide training and practical skills. We are evaluating the JIAH intervention through a parallel-group, two-arm, superiority, cluster-randomised controlled trial. The unit of randomisation is a geographic cluster of ~1000 people. A total of 38 clusters covering an estimated population of 40,676 have been randomised to control or intervention arms. Nineteen intervention clusters have adolescent groups, youth leadership activities and livelihood promotion. Nineteen control clusters receive livelihood promotion only. Study participants are adolescent girls aged 10-19 years, married or unmarried, in or out of school, living in the study area. Intervention activities are open to all adolescent boys and girls, regardless of their participation in surveys. We will collect data through baseline and endline surveys. Primary trial outcomes are school attendance, dietary diversity and internalising and externalising mental health problems. Secondary outcomes include access to school-related entitlements, emotional or physical violence, self-efficacy and resilience. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN17206016. Registered on 27 June 2018

    Influence of deposition temperature of thermal ALD deposited Al2O3 films on silicon surface passivation

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    The effect of deposition temperature (T-dep) and subsequent annealing time (t(anl)) of atomic layer deposited aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films on silicon surface passivation (in terms of surface recombination velocity, SRV) is investigated. The pristine samples (as-deposited) show presence of positive fixed charges, Q(F). The interface defect density (D-it) decreases with increase in T-dep which further decreases with tanl up to 100s. An effective surface passivation (SRV= 200 degrees C. The present investigation suggests that low thermal budget processing provides the same quality of passivation as realized by high thermal budget process (tanl between 10 to 30 min)
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