Binding of organic matter into an oxidation-resistant form during the interaction of clay minerals with plant residues

The binding of organic matter by clay minerals was studied in experiments simulating the transformation of clay rock with a high content of dioctahedral 2:1 phases in the soil during its interaction with decomposing plant residues. Using modern methods (X-ray phase analysis, thermal analysis and Fouriertransform IR spectroscopy, and adsorption-luminescence analysis), it was shown that the binding of organic matter into a form resistant to treatment with 30% H2O2 entailed changes in the actual structure of the clay aggregates. Peculiar organic-silicate compositions with their structure disordered along the c* axis were formed, in which organic matter was localized both on the surface of the particles and in the interlayer spaces. © 2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Irreversible fixation of organic components in labile interspaces as a mechanism for the chemical stabilization of clay-organic structures

The relationship between the fixation of organic matter into a form resistant to oxidative destruction and the actual structure of the clay component was studied in profiles of different-aged chernozemic soils of a filled fortification in the Volga Bulgaria. With the use of modern methods (X-ray phase analysis, laser diffraction granulometry, hyphenated thermal analysis-FT-IR spectroscopy, adsorption-luminescence analysis, and ICP emission spectroscopy), it was shown that the formation of organic-smectite complexes with a disordered c*-axis structure is a universal and usual way for the kinetic stabilization of the system during pedogenesis under forest-steppe conditions. The main aim of the study was to experimentally substantiate this phenomenon. © 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Mineralogy of the clay fraction of water-stable aggregates from dark gray forest soil

Regular structural changes of mixed-layered illite-smectite phases depending on aggregate sizes were revealed by x-ray powder diffraction analysis in the clay fraction of water-stable aggregates of dark gray forest soil. They indicate the differences in the aggregation mechanisms at different depths of the soil profile, which are mutually related and restrict the growth of the water-stable aggregates in the lower part of the A1 horizon to a certain optimal size, because only the smectite surface (unlike the mica one) of the process-determining organomineral composites is capable of interacting. This ensures the kinetic stabilization of the soil as a system and its self-regulation ability. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc. 2006

Systems approach to the study of clay-humus interactions in soils

Humus substances and metastable secondary aluminosilicates are considered as a self-organizing system of the clay-metal-organic soil complex; the special role of illite-smectite minerals is emphasized. The functional system of clay-metal-organic soil complex is defined as a nonadditive integration of processes and structures sufficient for ensuring the kinetic stability of humus substances and secondary aluminosilicate neoformations in the space-time continuum of interactions between living organisms and soil-forming rocks. Copyright © 2003 by MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica" (Russia)

La Patrie : journal quotidien, politique, commercial et littéraire

24 septembre 18781878/09/24 (A38)

Systems approach to the study of clay-humus interactions in soils

Humus substances and metastable secondary aluminosilicates are considered as a self-organizing system of the clay-metal-organic soil complex; the special role of illite-smectite minerals is emphasized. The functional system of clay-metal-organic soil complex is defined as a nonadditive integration of processes and structures sufficient for ensuring the kinetic stability of humus substances and secondary aluminosilicate neoformations in the space-time continuum of interactions between living organisms and soil-forming rocks. Copyright © 2003 by MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica" (Russia)

Systems approach to the study of clay-humus interactions in soils

Humus substances and metastable secondary aluminosilicates are considered as a self-organizing system of the clay-metal-organic soil complex; the special role of illite-smectite minerals is emphasized. The functional system of clay-metal-organic soil complex is defined as a nonadditive integration of processes and structures sufficient for ensuring the kinetic stability of humus substances and secondary aluminosilicate neoformations in the space-time continuum of interactions between living organisms and soil-forming rocks. Copyright © 2003 by MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica" (Russia)

Binding of organic matter into an oxidation-resistant form during the interaction of clay minerals with plant residues

The binding of organic matter by clay minerals was studied in experiments simulating the transformation of clay rock with a high content of dioctahedral 2:1 phases in the soil during its interaction with decomposing plant residues. Using modern methods (X-ray phase analysis, thermal analysis and Fouriertransform IR spectroscopy, and adsorption-luminescence analysis), it was shown that the binding of organic matter into a form resistant to treatment with 30% H2O2 entailed changes in the actual structure of the clay aggregates. Peculiar organic-silicate compositions with their structure disordered along the c* axis were formed, in which organic matter was localized both on the surface of the particles and in the interlayer spaces. © 2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Reforestation of Brown Coal Dumps in Bashkortostan: Characteristics of the Soil and the Condition of Birch (Betula Pendula Roth) Stands (Results of A 35-year Experiment)

In 1980–1984, reforestation of the dumps of the Kumertau brown coal deposit (Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia) was carried out. Birch stands were created on the dumps of overburdened rocks. The authors studied the agrochemical properties of soils, described the state of birch stands and established the patterns of metalaccumulation in birch organs 35 years after reforestation. It is established that 35 years after planting birch trees on the dumps, the trees are characterized as ‘healthy'. The concentration of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in birch organs changes in the following sequence: root system > bark > shoots > leaves. Soil formation processes are noted in birch stands on dumps. The upper (0–20 cm) soil layer acidity shifted bytwo units to the acidic side. There is a slight decrease in the content of phosphorus and the exchange forms of calcium and magnesium. Thus, birch is a promising tree species for the reforestation of mining industry dumps. Keywords: dumps, reforestation, Betula pendula Roth, metal accumulation, soil formation processe