7,839 research outputs found
Solar Irradiance Variability is Caused by the Magnetic Activity on the Solar Surface
The variation in the radiative output of the Sun, described in terms of solar
irradiance, is important to climatology. A common assumption is that solar
irradiance variability is driven by its surface magnetism. Verifying this
assumption has, however, been hampered by the fact that models of solar
irradiance variability based on solar surface magnetism have to be calibrated
to observed variability. Making use of realistic three-dimensional
magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar atmosphere and state-of-the-art
solar magnetograms from the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we present a model of
total solar irradiance (TSI) that does not require any such calibration. In
doing so, the modeled irradiance variability is entirely independent of the
observational record. (The absolute level is calibrated to the TSI record from
the Total Irradiance Monitor.) The model replicates 95% of the observed
variability between April 2010 and July 2016, leaving little scope for
alternative drivers of solar irradiance variability at least over the time
scales examined (days to years).Comment: Supplementary Materials;
https://journals.aps.org/prl/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.091102/supplementary_material_170801.pd
Gravitationally Lensed Gamma-Ray Bursts as Probes of Dark Compact Objects
If dark matter in the form of compact objects comprises a large fraction of
the mass of the universe, then gravitational lensing effects on gamma-ray
bursts are expected. We utilize BATSE and Ulysses data to search for lenses of
different mass ranges, which cause lensing in the milli, pico, and femto
regimes. Null results are used to set weak limits on the cosmological abundance
of compact objects in mass ranges from 10 to 10 . A
stronger limit is found for a much discussed universe dominated
by black holes of masses , which is ruled out at the
90% confidence level.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, fixed minor corrections. Accepted for
publication in ApJ(L
Development of welding techniques and filler metals for high strength aluminum alloys Annual summary report, 27 Jun. 1964 - 27 Jun. 1965
Welding techniques and filler metals for high strength aluminum alloy
Level degeneracy and temperature-dependent carrier distributions in self-organized quantum dots
Using femtosecond three-pulse pumpāprobe spectroscopy, we investigated the transparency condition for the ground and first excited states in self-organized In0.4Ga0.6AsIn0.4Ga0.6As quantum dots at different temperatures and wavelengths. The temperature-dependent behavior of the transparency condition is consistent with calculations using a multilevel model with a large density of states in the quantum-well reservoir. The twofold spatial degeneracy of the first excited state and the temperature dependence of the thermal equilibrium processes were experimentally observed. Ā© 2003 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71141/2/APPLAB-82-12-1959-1.pd
Gain dynamics and ultrafast spectral hole burning in In(Ga)As self-organized quantum dots
Using a femtosecond three-pulse pump-probe technique, we investigated spectral hole-burning and gain recovery dynamics in self-organized In(Ga)As quantum dots. The spectral hole dynamics are qualitatively different from those observed in quantum wells, and allow us to distinguish unambiguously the gain recovery due to intradot relaxation and that due to carrier capture. The gain recovery due to carrierācarrier scattering-dominated intradot relaxation is very fast ( ā¼ 130āfs),(ā¼130fs), indicating that this is not the factor limiting the bandwidth of directly modulated quantum dot lasers. Ā© 2002 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70041/2/APPLAB-81-4-670-1.pd
The VLA Survey of the Chandra Deep Field South. IV. Source Population
We present a detailed analysis of 256 radio sources from our deep (flux
density limit of 42 microJy at the field centre at 1.4 GHz) Chandra Deep Field
South 1.4 and 5 GHz VLA survey. The radio population is studied by using a
wealth of multi-wavelength information in the radio, optical, and X-ray bands.
The availability of redshifts for ~ 80% of the sources in our complete sample
allows us to derive reliable luminosity estimates for the majority of the
objects. X-ray data, including upper limits, for all our sources turn out to be
a key factor in establishing the nature of faint radio sources. Due to the
faint optical levels probed by this study, we have uncovered a population of
distant Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) systematically missing from many previous
studies of sub-millijansky radio source identifications. We find that, while
the well-known flattening of the radio number counts below 1 mJy is mostly due
to star forming galaxies, these sources and AGN make up an approximately equal
fraction of the sub-millijansky sky, contrary to some previous results. The AGN
include radio galaxies, mostly of the low-power, Fanaroff-Riley I type, and a
significant radio-quiet component, which amounts to approximately one fifth of
the total sample. The ratio of radio to optical luminosity depends more on
radio luminosity, rather than being due to optical absorption.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Ameliorating the Disadvantage for Autistic Job Seekers: An Initial Evaluation of Adapted Employment Interview Questions
A photoconductive, miniature terahertz source
We discuss the performance of a micromachined, photoconductive terahertz emitter that is fabricated on low-temperature-grown GaAs. The device is mounted on a pair of single-mode optical fibers that allows the source to be freely positionable. A strong radiation burst is emitted due to the large magnetic moment created by the electrode. The emitterās small feature size of 300 Ī¼m by 300 Ī¼m with a photoconductive switch area of 30 Ī¼m by 30 Ī¼m suggests its application for terahertz, time-domain, near-field spectroscopy and imaging. Ā© 1998 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70594/2/APPLAB-72-24-3100-1.pd
Temperature-dependent carrier dynamics in self-assembled InGaAs quantum dots
We measured the transient temperature-dependent carrier population in the confined states of self-assembled In0.4Ga0.6AsIn0.4Ga0.6As quantum dots as well as those of the surrounding wetting layer and barrier region using differential transmission spectroscopy. Results show directly that thermal reemission and nonradiative recombination contribute significantly to the dynamics above 100 K. We offer results of an ensemble Monte Carlo simulation to explain the contribution of these thermally activated processes. Ā© 2002 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71088/2/APPLAB-80-12-2162-1.pd
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