Microwave Induced Improved Synthesis of Some Novel Substituted 1, 3-Diarylpropenones and their Antimicrobial Activity

Application of solid support, solvent free reaction condition and a dynamic microwave power system in the chemical synthesis of some novel 1, 3-diaryl-propenones has been described. A series of chalcones (3a-h) were synthesized by the condensation of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitroacetophenone with various substituted aromatic aldehydes in presence of montmorrilonite K10 as a catalyst and solid support media under microwave irradiation. The protocol offers several advantages such as simple procedure, fast reaction rate, mild reaction condition, eco-friendly and improved yield as compared to conventional methods. These compounds have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against different microorganisms. The structures of novel synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectral data

Synthesis of Some Novel Fused Substituted 3-(4-substitutedphenyl)-6,6-diphenyl-3,3a dihydroimidazo [2',1':2,3][1,3] thiazolo[4,5-c][1,2] Isoxazoles

The present study describes the synthesis of some novel arylidene cyclic chalcones 2-(4-substituted benzylidene)-6,6-diphenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole-3,5-diones and their transformation to 3-(4-substitutedphenyl)-6,6-diphenyl-3,3a- dihydroimidazo[2´,1´:2,3][1,3]thiazolo[4,5-c][1,2]oxazol-7(6H)-ones via cyclization using hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The starting chalcones have been synthesized by the condensation of various aromatic aldehydes and methylene entity of synthesized imidazothiazole-3,5-diones which were obtained by the cyclization of 5,5-diphenyl-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ones and chloroacetic acid. The intermediate 5,5-diphenyl-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ones have been synthesized by the condensation of α-diketone (benzil) with thiourea in presence of ethanolic alkali followed by Pinacol-Pinacolone rearrangement. Structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by chemical, analytical and spectral data.Fil: Dangi, R. R.. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Kumari, Maya. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Khyaliya, Priyanka. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Parellada, Eduardo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; ArgentinaFil: Neske, Adriana Neske. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; ArgentinaFil: Ameta, K. L.. Mody University Of Science And Technology; Indi

Montmorrilonite K10 catalyzed efficient synthesis of some 4'-nitrochalcones and their 1, 3, 5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation

An expeditious synthesis of some 4´-nitrochalcones (3a-n) and their subsequent facile one-pot transformation to 1, 3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines (4a-n) has been carried out using montmorrilonite K10 via microwave mediated solvent free protocol.An emphasis is given to highlighting the greenness of the processes, and a fair comparison is also provided between differentinorganic solid supports as catalysts. Both conventional as well as non-conventional approaches have been explored bycomparing the reaction conditions and yields. The newly synthesized pyrazolines were studied for their in vitro antimicrobialevaluation against bacterial strains Bacillus pumilus and Escherichia coli and fungal strains Aspergillus niger and Penicilliumchrysogenum. Findings of biological evaluation highlighted 4b, 4e, 4j and 4m as potential new leads in the search of newantimicrobial agents. The structures of newly synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of elemental analysisand spectroscopic studies.Fil: Ameta, K. L.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Rathore, Nitu S.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Kumari, Maya. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Khyaliya, Priyanka. University of Science and Technology; IndiaFil: Dangi R. R.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Parellada, Eduardo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; ArgentinaFil: Neske, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentin

Effect of humic acid and nutrients mixture on quality parameter of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under polyhouse condition

An experiment was conducted on Effect of humic acid and nutrients mixture on growth and yield parameter of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under polyhouse condition at Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur (Raj.). The data was analyzed statistically following completely randomized design. The results revealed that treatment T7 [(RDF + humic acid 10 kg/ha soil application + humic acid 0.1% foliar spray + nutrient mixture foliar spray (0.2% Ca + 0.5% Mg + 0.2% B + 0.5% Zn)] was recorded superior to enhance leaf nutrients analysis Ca (1.656%), Mg (0.763%), Zn (25.07ppm) and B (61.94ppm), fruit nutrient analysisCa (1.904%), Mg (0.877%), Zn (58.98ppm) and B (61.84ppm), total Soluble Solids (TSS) (6.020%), ascorbic acid content (39.85mg/100g), lycopene content (3.75 mg/100g) and cost benefit ratio (4.81)

Natural and Derivatized Acetogenins Promising for the Control of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith

Annonaceous acetogenins (ACG), belonging to the family Annonaceae, represent aclass of bioactive compounds whose toxic effects have been reported for several species of insects. Given their insecticidal properties, we first carried out the isolation of the ACG from a Brazilian collection of the seeds of Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) and prepared their methoxy methylated (MOM) and acetylated (OAc) derivatives by chemical methods. ACG analogues were semi-synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (1H and 13C-NMR). We isolated ten natural acetogenins:squamocin, molvizarin, motrilin, rolliniastatin-2, almuñequin, cherimolin-1, cherimolin-2, annonacin, squamocin D and asiminecin. The main objective of this study is to report the antifeedant, toxic and nutritional effects of three of those natural acetogenins and their acetylated and methoxy methylated derivatives on Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The natural ACGs squamocin and molvizarin killed 100% of S. frugiperda larvae, followed by motrilin (80%). Acetylated derivatives had less toxic and nutritional effects that led to pupal mortality and adult fatal malformations. The addition of MOM derivatives to the larval diet has not toxic effects on larvae, but ignificantly reduces growth rate and efficiency in conversion of ingested food into biomass, affecting adult survival.Fil: Ruiz Hidalgo, José. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Parellada, Eduardo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; ArgentinaFil: Di Toto Blessing, Lilian Edith. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biotecnología Farmacéutica y Alimentaria; ArgentinaFil: Bardon, Alicia del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Ameta, K. L.. Faculty Of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mody University Of; IndiaFil: Vera, Nancy Roxana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; ArgentinaFil: Neske, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica. Cátedra de Química Orgánica III; Argentin

Seed set variability under high temperatures during flowering period in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R.) Br.)

Pearl millet has recently emerged as a significant irrigated summer season cereal crop in north-western India. But its flowering coincides with air temperatures of ≥40◦C, leading to reduced seed set and poor grain yield in most of the available hybrids, although a few hybrids with good seed set and high yield potential are widely cultivated. Under a recent initiative to diversify the genetic base of heat tolerant hybrids, field screening of 221 hybrid parental lines (both B- and R-lines), 53 germplasm accessions and4 improved populations over four-year period revealed large genetic variability in seed set at daily maxi-mum air-temperature of ≥42◦C during flowering. Two locations data on 46 medium maturing genotypes screened during summer 2009 showed that seed set in pearl millet started declining when maximum air temperatures reached 42◦C and decreased in curvilinear fashion to 20 percent at 46◦C. Similar relation-ship of seed set with minimum and mean temperature was observed with threshold values of 26.4◦Cand 34.2◦C, respectively. Similarly, the relationship of percent seed set with vapor pressure deficit (VPD)showed threshold value of 6.2 kPa for maximum VPD, 1.2 kPa for minimum VPD and 3.7 kPa for mean VPD. Seed set on 2 each of heat tolerant and susceptible genotypes fitted well on the seed set-temperature response curve for the maximum, minimum and mean air temperatures. Based on 3 to 4 year field screening (2009–2012), five hybrid seed parents (ICMB 92777, ICMB 05666, ICMB 00333, ICMB 02333and ICMB 03555) and a germplasm accession IP 19877 with 61 to 69% seed set as compared to 71% seed set in a heat tolerant commercial hybrid 9444 (used as a control) was identified. Intra-population variability for heat tolerance was observed in four populations, and highly heat tolerant progenies from two of them were identified. Evaluation of six hybrid parents under controlled environment (maximum temperature of 43◦C and minimum temperature of 22◦C) revealed boot-leaf stage of pearl millet plant to be more heat sensitive than panicle-emergence stage, and investigations on 6 A-/B-pairs under controlled environment (max. temperature of 44◦C and min. temperature of 22◦C) revealed female reproductive system of pearl millet to be more heat sensitive than pollen. Comparison of 23 hybrids and their parents for seed set at high air temperature (>42◦C) showed heat tolerance as a dominant trait, implying heat tolerance in one parent would be adequate to produce heat tolerant hybrids in pearl millet. Heat tolerant composite developed using identified lines showed high mean seed set under high air temperatures during flowering

Genetic enhancement for flowering period heat tolerance in peart millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.(R.) Br.)

Pearl millet, basically a rainfed crop worldwide, is increasingly being cultivated in summer season in north western parts of India where air temperatures during flowering time often exceed 42 degree Celsius..