Powder Compaction: Compression Properties of Cellulose Ethers

Effective development of matrix tablets requires a comprehensive understanding of different raw material attributes and their impact on process parameters. Cellulose ethers (CE) are the most commonly used pharmaceutical excipients in the fabrication of hydrophilic matrices. The innate good compression and binding properties of CE enable matrices to be prepared using economical direct compression (DC) techniques. However, DC is sensitive to raw material attributes, thus, impacting the compaction process. This article critically reviews prior knowledge on the mechanism of powder compaction and the compression properties of cellulose ethers, giving timely insight into new developments in this field

Antimicrobial use of reactive oxygen therapy: current insights

Mohammad Yousef Memar,1 Reza Ghotaslou,2 Mohammad Samiei,3 Khosro Adibkia4 1Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 2Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 3Faculity of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 4Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Abstract: Infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens are a global public health problem. The introduction of a new antimicrobial strategy is an unavoidable option for the management of drug-resistant pathogens. Induction of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by several procedures has been extensively studied for the treatment of infections. In this article, the general aspects of ROS production and the common procedures that exert their antimicrobial effects due to ROS formation are reviewed. ROS generation is the antimicrobial mechanism of nanoparticles, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, medical honey, and photodynamic therapy. In addition, it is an alternative bactericidal mechanism of clinically traditional antibiotics. The development of ROS delivery methods with a desirable selectivity for pathogens without side effects for the host tissue may be a promising approach for the treatment of infections, especially those caused by drug-resistant organisms. Keywords: antibiotic resistance, infections, reactive oxygen specie

A review on the methods of preparation of pharmaceutical nanoparticles

Objectives: Nanotechnology will affect human being life impressively over the next decade in different fields, including medicine and pharmacy. Polymeric nanoparticles have been far and wide studied as particulate carriers in the pharmaceutical and medical fields since they show promise as drug delivery systems on account of their controlled and sustained- release properties, sub cellular size, biocompatibility with tissue and cells and enhancing the effectiveness of the loaded drugs. Methods: Numerous methods have been developed during the last two decades to formulate the pharmaceutical nanoparticles. These methods have been classified according to whether the particle formation implies a polymerization reaction or arises from a macromolecule or preformed polymer. Results: In the current review the most important methods of preparation are explicated, more than ever those that make use of preformed synthetic polymers. Furthermore, the methods which can be commercialized as well as pharmaceutical aspects are discussed briefly. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical nanoparticles can be prepared using different methods depending on the physicochemical properties of the drug and polymers

Antibacterial and cellular behaviors of novel zinc-doped hydroxyapatite/graphene nanocomposite for bone tissue engineering

10.3390/ijms22179564International Journal of Molecular Sciences2217956