Praetorian Prefects of Emperor Commodus

The article presents the history of  ten praetorian prefects of  Emperor Commodus. The prosopographical method used by the author of the article is extremely useful in the studies on individuals in the society of Imperium Romanum. In this type of research, it is particularly important to note that praefecti praetorio as a clerical elite were very well represented in ancient sources, which renders historical material highly representable for this group. During the twelve years’ rule of Commodus, the number of praefecti praetorio, representing nearly forty percent of these officials during the reign of the emperors of the Antonine dynasty (96–192), clearly indicates lack of stability and continuous political struggle in the Rome of those days. The presentation of ten praetorian prefects, the highest equestrian officials, sheds light on the political system of the last emperor of the Antonine dynasty.  The article presented herein is a translation of an article published in “Klio. Journal of Polish and World History” 2012, vol. 20, pp. 3–44, therefore it does not include theliterature published later (apart from references to new volumes of PIR2). The minor changes introduced are mainly editorial and connected with the need to adapt the text forthe English speaking reade

Kontrowersje wokół karier dwóch wyzwoleńców cesarskich – prokuratorów

Artykuł przedstawia kontrowersyjne kariery dwóch wyzwoleńców cesarskich: Aureliusa (?) Saturninusa i Ulpiusa Paeana, którzy pełnili funkcje prokuratorskie w II w. Zdaniem wielu badaczy wyzwoleńcy ci pełnili jedynie funkcje asystentów ekwickich prokuratorów w ramach „nierównej kolegialności”. Zdaniem autora sprawowali oni funkcje prokuratorskie samodzielnie, bez ekwickiego przełożonego

Prefekci pretorianów cesarza Kommodusa

The article presents the history of ten praetorian prefects (PPO) of the Emperor Commodus. The prosopographical method used by the author of the article is extremely useful in the studies on individuals in the society of Imperium Romanum. In this type of research, it is particularly important to note that praefecti praetorio as a clerical elite were very well represented in ancient sources, which renders the historical material highly representable for this group. During the twelve years’ rule of Commodus, the number of PPOs, representing nearly forty percent of these offi cials during the reign of the emperors of the Antonine dynasty (96–192), clearly indicates lack of stability and continuous political struggle in the Rome of those days. The presentation of ten PPOs, the highest equestrian officials, sheds light on the political system of the last emperor of the Antonine dynasty

Praetorian Prefects of Emperor Commodus

The article presents the history of  ten praetorian prefects of  Emperor Commodus. The prosopographical method used by the author of the article is extremely useful in the studies on individuals in the society of Imperium Romanum. In this type of research, it is particularly important to note that praefecti praetorio as a clerical elite were very well represented in ancient sources, which renders historical material highly representable for this group. During the twelve years’ rule of Commodus, the number of praefecti praetorio, representing nearly forty percent of these officials during the reign of the emperors of the Antonine dynasty (96–192), clearly indicates lack of stability and continuous political struggle in the Rome of those days. The presentation of ten praetorian prefects, the highest equestrian officials, sheds light on the political system of the last emperor of the Antonine dynasty.     The article presented herein is a translation of an article published in “Klio. Journal of Polish and World History” 2012, vol. 20, pp. 3–44, therefore it does not include the literature published later (apart from references to new volumes of PIR2). The minor changes introduced are mainly editorial and connected with the need to adapt the text for the English speaking reade

Międzynarodowa konferencja poświęcona pamięci Profesora Stanisława Mrozka. FOENUS HOC FECIT. Within the scope of Professor Stanisław Mrozek’s research International conference, Gdańsk, 25–26 VI 2018

Sprawozdanie z konferencji poświęconej pamięci Profesora Stanisława Mrozka, która odbyła się w dnach 25–26 VI 2018 w Gdańsku. Urodzony w 1929 roku w Tczewie prof. Stanisław Mrozek (1929–2009) był kierownikiem Zakładu Historii Starożytnej Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego od 1977  roku do 1994  roku

Prefekci pretorianów cesarza Kommodusa

The article presents the history of ten praetorian prefects (PPO) of the Emperor Commodus. The prosopographical method used by the author of the article is extremely useful in the studies on individuals in the society of Imperium Romanum. In this type of research, it is particularly important to note that praefecti praetorio as a clerical elite were very well represented in ancient sources, which renders the historical material highly representable for this group. During the twelve years’ rule of Commodus, the number of PPOs, representing nearly forty percent of these officials during the reign of the emperors of the Antonine dynasty (96–192), clearly indicates lack of stability and continuous political struggle in the Rome of those days. The presentation of ten PPOs, the highest equestrian officials, sheds light on the political system of the last emperor of the Antonine dynasty

Wybrane dzieła Teodora Dydyńskiego jako przykład prekursorskich badań nad rzymskim prawem publicznym w Polsce

It seems that the existing Polish literature on the subject does not give adequate attention to the origins of modern Polish research on Roman public law. In my opinion, the origin of this research should be attributed to the scientific achievements of Teodor Dydyński (1836-1921). Jan Kodrębski gave two reasons why we should deal with the biography and scientific work of this Roman law specialist. Firstly – as it was reported by the scholar from University of Łódź – Dydyński is one of the few modern, most prolific Polish Romanists. Secondly, for more than forty years (1866-1909) he was a professor of Roman Law at the Law Faculty of Warsaw, with the result that he had to have an impact on a number of law graduates who graduated from this faculty in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In my opinion, besides the two obvious reasons, a third one should also be noted — the scientific achievements of the Warsaw Roman law specialist, mostly in the field of Roman public law. Although he did not author a synthesis of Roman public law nor a textbook dealing with the constitutional system of ancient Rome, two of his works on the history of the Emperor Hadrian and the synthesis of sources of Roman law demonstrate the importance of these issues in his scientific reflection. The two books display the comprehensive education and excellent scientific workshop of their writer. Furthermore, due to his critical analysis of ancient inscriptions and narrative sources as well as his use of philological and historical methods, it could be said that the Warsaw Romanist deserves his place among the first prominent European scholars of Roman public law, such as Theodor Mommsen, Joachim Marquardt or Otto Hirschfeld