RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF MANDIBULAR FRACTURES CASES IN CENTER OF THE EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION OF TURKEY

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the etiology of mandibular fractures, the distribution of the age and gender of mandibular fracture patients, the anatomical regions where these fractures are located, and the treatment modalities used in mandibular fracture cases.Materials and Methods: This study employed data obtained via clinical records and the files of patients diagnosed with a mandibular fracture who were treated from 2011 to 2015 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ataturk University.  The etiology of these patients’ mandibular fractures, the distribution of these patients’ age and gender, the anatomical regions where these patients’ fractures were located, and the treatments applied to these patients were recorded by analyzing the obtained data.  Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel software.Results: 137 mandibular fracture sites were seen in 103 patients. Of these patients, 81 (79%) were male and 22 (21%) female, making the male-to-female ratio 3.7:1. The patients’ ages ranged between 4 and 78 years, and the mean age was 31.4. Of the various etiologies of mandibular fractures, traffic accident (42 patients, 41%) was most frequent, followed by violence (28 patients, 27%), fall (24 patients, 23%). Of the various anatomical sites where mandibular fractures occurred, the condylar site (36 patients, 26%) was the most common, followed by the body (24%), symphysis and parasymphysis (23%), angle (18%). 58 patients (56%) were treated with closed reduction 42 patients (41%) were treated with open reduction. Three patients (3%) did not receive any treatment.Conclusions: Traffic accidents are the most common etiologic factor of mandibular fracture cases in center of the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Males and young individuals are the most affected. The condylar site is the most common anatomical site.  Both closed and open reduction methods are commonly used for the treatment of mandibular fractures

Güreşçilerde hazırlık periyodunda uygulanan kombine kuvvet antrenmanlarının kuvvet performansları üzerine etkileri

In our research, a combined force of elite wrestlers in training the force applied during the preparatory period to examine the effects on performance. Study, 12 (6 free-6 Greco-Roman) joined the elite male wrestlers. Mean age 19.8 ± 1.1 years wrestlers, height 172.1 ± 5.8 cm., 74.7 ± 9.0 kg in body ağılıkları and sports in the ages of 7.1 ±1.1 years, respectively. Training programs 6 days a week and the week of strength inside 3 days, 3 days at 10 weeks, including technical training (2.5 months) were studied. Wrestlers participated in the research front and the last test and paired t-test was assessed values ​​of strength development. Finding indicate that, we have done the research elite wrestlers and a dynamic 10-week pre-training and post-tests at the maximum strength (1RM) that a significant increase (p <0.05) were determined. As a result, the elite-level wrestlers, according to preliminary test results showed the 10-week combined force positively affects the performance of a workout.Araştırmamızda, elit güreşçilerde hazırlık periyod döneminde uygulanan kombine kuvvet antrenmanların kuvvet performansları üzerine olan etkilerinin incelenmesidir.Araştırmamızda 12 (6 serbest-6 Greko-Romen) elit erkek güreşçi katıldı. Güreşçilerin ortalama yaşları 19.8±1.1 yıl, boy 172.1±5.8 cm., vücut ağılıkları da 74.7±9.0 kg. ve spor yaşları da 7.1±1.1 yıl olarak belirlendi. Antrenman programları haftada 6 gün ve hafta içerisi 3 gün kuvvet, 3 gün de teknik antrenmanlar olmak üzere 10 hafta (2.5 ay) çalışıldı. Araştırmaya katılan güreşçilerin ön ve son testi yapılarak kuvvet gelişim değerleri paired t-testle değerlendirildi.Bulgular; yapmış olduğumuz araştırmada elit güreşçilere uygulanan 10 haftalık antrenman öncesi ve sonrası testlerde dinamik ve bir maksimum kuvvet değerlerinde önemli bir artışın olduğu (p<0.05) belirlenmiştir.Sonuç olarak, elit düzeyde güreşçilere ön test sonuçlarına göre uygulanan 10 haftalık kombine kuvvet antrenmanlarının performanslarını olumlu etkilediği görülmüştür

Outcomes of diaphyseal femur fractures treated by long- and short-term traction methods in pre-school children

This study aimed to compare the effects of the traditional short- and long-term traction methods on the union and angulation of femoral fractures in pre-school children.Thirty-six patients aged 0–6 years, with diaphyseal femur fractures, who had undergone a conservative treatment, were included in the study. The patients were dividedinto two groups according to their traction times before the application of the hip spica cast: 0–10 days of traction (Group A) and 11–21 days of traction (Group B). Afterthe completion of the union and the removal of the casts, bone scans were performed and the angulations in the coronal and sagittal planes were comparatively evaluated,as well as the lengths of the lower extremities. The mean age of the patients was 4.2 ± 1.94 years. Hip spica casts were applied to 17 patients after short-term traction and19 patients after long-term traction. The mean length of hospital stays of the patients who were applied the hip spica casts after short-term and long-term tractions were 8.4and 19.3 days, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between groups A and B regarding hospital stay (p 0.05). Hip spica casting after short-term traction can be used as a safe alternative method in the treatment of diaphyseal femur fractures inpreschool children due to its adequate stability and shorter length of hospital stay

Evaluation of the coronal malposition of the volar locking plate in the treatment of distal radius fractures

Background and objectives: Literature does not show any studies regarding plate placement problems in the coronal plane of patients with volar plating due to distal radius fracture diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the functional and laboratory results of the coronal malposition of the volar locking plate in patients with distal radius fracture treated with internal fixation. Methods: In this retrospective study, we included patients who had volar plate fixation, were aged between 18 and 80, had no pathological fracture, had a minimum of six months of follow-up, and had the same rehabilitation protocol. We consider the angle subtended on the coronal axis between the distal radius long axis and the distal radius locking plate as coronal malposition. We named the coronal malposition angle the "AYE Angle." Patients with an AYE angle of over 1 degree were evaluated under group 1. Patients with an AYE angle of 0-1 degrees were evaluated under group 2. Radiological parameters were taken from AP-Lateral X-ray views. Superficial University System of Georgia (USG) examinations were applied to detect tendon problems. The DASH and QUICK-DASH scoring systems were used for clinical evaluation. Grip strength was measured with a dynamometer in all patients. All results were compared between the two groups. Results: Thirteen patients were female and 27 patients were male. Nineteen patients who had coronal malposition were added to group 1, while 21 patients who had no coronal malposition were added to group 2. Fifteen patients had normal USG results in group 2, while 18 patients had edema around the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon as a result of USG in group 1. Statistically, a significant difference was detected between the two groups in terms of the amount of tenosynovitis around FPL (p=0.01). A statistically significant relationship was found between USG grading and malposition grading. The study revealed that a higher rate of USG grade 2 was found in patients with malposition grade 2 (90.9%), while a higher rate of USG grade 1 (50%) was observed in patients with malposition grade 1 (p=0.01). A statistically significant difference was not found between Soong grading and USG in terms of the level of tenosynovitis around the FPL tendon. The amount of tenosynovitis detected around the FPL tendon was 62.5% for Soong and grade 0 level, 60.7% for grade 1 level, and 50% for grade 2 level. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the DASH and QUICK-DASH scoring systems (p=0.96). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the grip strength (p=0.52). Conclusion: Coronal plate position in the treatment of the distal radius fracture is important to avoid potential flexor tendon problems. The volar plate position should be adjusted properly both in the coronal and sagittal axes

Molecular Survey of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep in the Iğdır Province of Türkiye

Toxoplasma gondii, an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite, can infect a wide range of warm-blooded animals, including livestock species. T. gondii is a zoonotic protozoan parasite that affects both humans and other warm-blooded animals. The aim of this study was to detect T. gondii by using PCR in the brain tissues of 60 aborted sheep fetuses from the Iğdır Province in Türkiye. For this purpose, 60 brain tissue samples of sheep were collected within the lambing seasons of 2023 in Iğdır, Türkiye. The DNA extraction was performed using the PureLink™ Genomic DNA Mini Kit from brain samples. The PCR was performed with the appropriate primers from the obtained DNA samples. T. gondii was found in the brain (16.6%) samples of aborted sheep fetuses. According to the present study, T. gondii infection can be one of the causes of fetus abortion of sheep in Iğdır province, Türkiye. This result emphasizes the need for vigilance and preventive measures in managing this potential public and animal health concerns

Molecular Survey of the Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in brain tissue of aborted fetuses of Morkaraman sheep in Muş, Türkiye

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that can affect different warm-blooded species worldwide. In this study, it was aimed to detect T. gondii and N. caninum using PCR method in brain tissues of aborted sheep fetuses. Brain specimens were collected from 50 Morkaraman sheep fetuses that had undergone abortion at various stages of pregnancy, within the lambing seasons of 2023 in Muş. Approximately 1 cm³ of brain tissue from the right cerebral hemisphere was excised and subsequently frozen at -20°C for DNA extraction. DNA extraction and PCR amplification were then performed. As a result of this study, 11 (22%) of 50 brain tissues were positive. All brain samples examined in this study were negative for Neospora caninum. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to say that T. gondii is an important abortion agent in sheep in this region. Although N. caninum was not detected in this study, larger scale studies are recommended. Moreover, this study provides important information to breeders and veterinarians in the field in the evaluation and management of abortion

A safe method for early rehabilitation of articular fracture at the base of thumb metacarpal bone

Background. To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of closed reduction, distraction using an external fixator, and percutaneous fixation in patients with Bennet and Rolando fractures. Methods. Patients over 18 years of age, who had isolated fracture at the base of the first metacarpal bone, had no previous functional limitations and pain complaints, were regularly followed up, and had fixation using K-wire combined with an external fixator, were included. Arthrosis was evaluated according to Eaton and Littler classification. Pain intensity was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) on a 0-10 scale. Furthermore, patients were questioned regarding limitations in their daily activities and hobbies. Pinch and grasp strengths were evaluated. Results. Thirteen of the patients were male and five were female, with a mean age of 31.5 ± 12.5 years. The surgical procedure was performed on the right extremity in 12 patients and left extremity in six patients. Twelve patients were found to have Bennet fractures, whereas six patients had Rolando fractures. The mean follow-up period of the patients was found to be 29.6 ± 5.4 months. The VAS score was rated as 2 in one patient and 1 in one patient. Other patients had a pain VAS score of 0. The mean Quick-DASH score was calculated to be 1.20. No statistical difference was found in pinch strength between the two extremities (p > 0.05). No difference was observed in terms of the range of motion (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Fixation using K-wire combined with an external fixator has more benefits than its disadvantages and is superior to other methods in the intra-articular fractures of the first metacarpal bone