Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Bryotrop-Expedition nach Zaire und Rwanda : 5., Höhengliederung epiphytischer Moose im östlichen Kongobecken und den angrenzenden Gebirgsstöcken (Parc National de Kahuzi-Biega/Zaire, Forêt de Nyungwe/Rwanda)

By mean of a line-taxation (ordination), the floristic discontinuities of epiphytic bryophytes were shown within an altitudinal gradient from the eastern Congo basin to the mountains of the Riftvalley (Mt. Kahuzi) (BRYOTROP III-transect). By this ordination, the epiphytic vegetation can be grouped into four ecological groups, indicating the climatic factors. They show a strong correlation to the known altitudinal zonation, the different forest zones, and the plantsociological classification. These groups consist of taxa of different relationships which grow and evolve under similar environmental conditions.Mit Hilfe von gewichteten Reihentabellen (Ordination) werden die floristischen Diskontinuitäten entlang des Höhengradienten vom östlichen Kongobecken zum zentralafrikanischen Schwellenrand (Mt. Kahuzi) (BRYOTROP III-Transekt) aufgezeigt. Durch diese Ordination läßt sich die epiphytische Moosvegetation (Stammepiphyten) in vier ökologische Gruppen gliedern, deren vertikale Ausdehnung klimaökologische Faktoren zugrunde liegen. Sie zeigen eine auffallende Korrelation mit der bekannten Höhenstufung, der Ausdehnung der verschiedenen Waldgesellschaften und der pflanzensoziologischen Gliederung und bestehen aus Sippen der unterschiedlichsten Verwandtschaftskreise, deren Selektion ähnliche Umweltfaktoren zugrunde liegen

Scientific results of the Bryotrop expedition to Zaire and Rwanda : 7., life strategies of epiphytic bryophytes from tropical lowland and montane forests, ericaceous woodlands and the Dendrosenecio subpáramo of the eastern Congo basin and the adjacent mountains (Parc National de Kahuzi-Biega/Zaire, Forêt de Nyungwe/Rwanda)

Life strategies of epiphytic bryophytes are studied along an altitudinal gradient from the eastern Congo basin (tropical lowland zone) to the mountains of the East-African graben (tropical subalpine/alpine Zone; BRYOTROP III-transect). Three strategies, Colonists, Perennial shuttle species and Perennial stayers can be observed, which are further subdivided according to their reproduction tactic (high sexual reproductive effort, high asexual reproductive effort, moderately or low sexual and asexual reproductive effort). Of these, only taxa with a long life span (perennials) are of importance, indicating the unchanging and constant ecological conditions and long-lasting microsites, provided by the epiphytic habitats. The basis for the life strategy pattern analysis along the altitudinal gradient were plant sociological investigations and the determination of the mean percentage cover values for the different life strategy categories. By this, the distribution and occurrence of the different strategies within the communities and the altitudinal zones can be shown

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der BRYOTROP-Expedition nach Zaire und Rwanda : 6., Lebensformen und Adaptionen zur Wasserleitung und Wasserspeicherung in epiphytischen Moosgesellschaften im östlichen Kongobecken und den angrenzenden Gebirgsstöcken (Parc National de Kahuzi-Biega/Zaire, Forêt de Nyungwe/ Rwanda)

Life forms, water conducting and water storing structures of epiphytic bryophytes are studied along an altitudinal gradient from the eastern Congo basin (tropical lowand zone) to the mountains of the East-African graben (tropical subalpine/alpine zone; BRYOTROP III-transect). Based on a phytosociological analysis, these adaptations were put in relation to the distribution pattern of the bryophyte communities, as well as to the ecological gradient. The interpretation is based on the mean percent cover of each group. The tropical lowland zone is dominated by the life form mat, which is distinctly correlated with watersacs and taxa of the Jubulaceae, Lejeuneaceae and Radulaceae. In the following perhumid montane zone a clear alteration concerning the life form and the adaptations can be observed. The physiognomy of the primary rain-forests now is dominated by fan-forming Plagiochila species which are standing off the phorophyte by its flattened shoots. They are able to condensate water vapour from the fogs as well as using the low light intensities. Within the epiphytes of the bamboo zone of the upper montane zone, similar adaptation strategies to those of the lowland zone can be observed. The communities of the anthropogeneous montane woodlands of this zone, which are rich in mosses, show an ecomorphological wide spectrum [weft and tall-turfs correlated with a central strand (hadrome), hyalocysts and rhizoids]. Within the tropical subalpine/alpine zone exposed to great diurnal variations of climate, mat, weft and cushion-forming tall-turfs dominate, indicating the more xeric conditions (drought stress) by 88 water storing structures (alar cells, central strand, hyalocysts, rhizoids). In this zone, also structures reach a high mean percent cover, which enables the condensation of water vapour from the fog and mist rising from the upper montane zone or which show a groove-like arrangement of the leaflets. This may be recognized as a mechanism enabling a permanent water supply as well as a drain off of surplus water.Aufbauend auf einer pflanzensoziologischen Analyse werden die Lebensformen und die wasserleitenden und wasserspeichernden Strukturen epiphytischer Bryophyten entlang eines Transektes vom östlichen Kongobecken (Tieflandstufe) zum zentralafrikanischen Grabenrand (tropischsubalpine/ alpine Stufe; BRYOTROP III-Transekt) analysiert und in Beziehung zu den Moosgesellschaften und dem ökologischen Höhenstufengradienten gesetzt. Grundlage für die Interpretation ist der mittlere Gruppenmengenanteil. In der tropischen Tieflandstufe dominiert die Lebensform Decke, die eine auffallende Korrelation zu dem Strukturmerkmal Wassertasche und Wassersack sowie Sippen der Verwandtschaftskreise Jubulaceae, Lejeuneaceae und Radulaceae zeigt. In der sich anschließenden humiden Bergwaldstufe kommt es zu einem deutlichen Wechsel im Lebensformen- und Anpassungsspektrum. Wedelbildende Plagiochila- Arten bestimmen die Physiognomie der primären Regenwälder, deren abstehendes, planares Sproßsystem sich sowohl zum Nebelkämmen (Wasserdampfkondensation) eignet als auch als Anpassung an die lichtarmen Bedingungen interpretiert wird. Sonderfälle stellen in der oberen Bergwaldstufe die Epiphyten der Bergbambuswälder, mit ähnlichen Anpassungssyndromen wie die der Tieflandstufe, und die der offeneren, anthropogenen Bergwälder dar, deren laubmoosreiche Gesellschaften ökomorphologisch reicher strukturiert sind (Korrelation von Filz und Hochrasen mit Hyalozyten, Rhizoidenfilz und Zentralstrang). In der durch starke Klimaschwankungen gekennzeichneten tropisch-subalpinen Stufe dominieren Decke, Filz und posterförmige Hochrasen, die durch wasserspeichernde Strukturen (Alarzellen, Hyalozyten, Rhizoidenfilz, Zentralstrang) auf die bereits xerischen Bedingungen (Trockenstress) hindeuten. Hohe Anteile im Spektrum erreichen hier aber auch Strukturen zum Nebelkämmen (Nutzung der aus der Bergwaldstufe häufig aufsteigenden Treibnebel) und die Rinnenbildung

Contributions to the biodiversity of Vietnam – Results of VIETBIO inventory work and field training in Cuc Phuong National Park

VIETBIO [Innovative approaches to biodiversity discovery and characterisation in Vietnam] is a bilateral German-Vietnamese research and capacity building project focusing on the development and transfer of new methods and technology towards an integrated biodiversity discovery and monitoring system for Vietnam. Dedicated field training and testing of innovative methodologies were undertaken in Cuc Phuong National Park as part and with support of the project, which led to the new biodiversity data and records made available in this article collection. VIETBIO is a collaboration between the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science (MfN), the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin (BGBM) and the Vietnam National Museum of Nature (VNMN), the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), the Southern Institute of Ecology (SIE), as well as the Institute of Tropical Biology (ITB); all Vietnamese institutions belong to the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). The article collection "VIETBIO" (https://doi.org/10.3897/bdj.coll.63) reports original results of recent biodiversity recording and survey work undertaken in Cuc Phuong National Park, northern Vietnam, under the framework of the VIETBIO project. The collection consist of this “main” cover paper – characterising the study area, the general project approaches and activities, while also giving an extensive overview on previous studies from this area – followed by individual papers for higher taxa as studied during the project. The main purpose is to make primary biodiversity records openly available, including several new and interesting findings for this biodiversity-rich conservation area. All individual data papers with their respective primary records are expected to provide useful baselines for further taxonomic, phylogenetic, ecological and conservation-related studies on the respective taxa and, thus, will be maintained as separate datasets, including separate GUIDs also for further updating

A reference list of Turkish bryophytes. The state of knowledge from 1829 until 201

A reference list of Turkish bryophytes published between 1829 and 2017 is presented, including a brief history of Turkish bryology. The list comprises 520 publications which focus largely on flora and taxonomy, vegetation and ecology of Turkish bryophytes. Some larger revisional studies are included in cases when they refer to Turkish records or if they include Turkish locality data. A new topic which come along within the last years are experimental studies based on Turkish material. They are included as well, however, may far away from being complete