Adolescent adaptive behavior profiles in Williams–Beuren syndrome, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder

Background Adaptive behavior can be impaired in different neurodevelopmental disorders and may be influenced by confounding factors, such as intelligence quotient (IQ) and socioeconomic classification. Our main objective was to verify whether adaptive behavior profiles differ in three conditions—Williams Beuren syndrome (WBS), Down syndrome (DS), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as compared with healthy controls (HC) and with each other. Although the literature points towards each disorder having a characteristic profile, no study has compared profiles to establish the specificity of each one. A secondary objective was to explore potential interactions between the conditions and socioeconomic status, and whether this had any effect on adaptive behavior profiles. Methods One hundred and five adolescents were included in the study. All adolescents underwent the following evaluations: the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. Results Our results demonstrated that the WBS group performed better than the DS group in the communication domain, β = −15.08, t(3.45), p = .005, and better than the ASD group in the socialization domain, β = 8.92, t(−2.08), p = .013. The DS group also performed better than the ASD group in socialization, β = 16.98, t(−2.32), p = .024. IQ was an important confounding factor, and socioeconomic status had an important effect on the adaptive behavior of all groups. Conclusions There is a heterogeneity regarding adaptive behavior profiles in WBS, DS, and ASD. These data are important to better design specific strategies related to the health and social care of each particular group

Behavioral characteristics of dysphonic children: integrative literature review

PURPOSE: Integrative review of the scientific literature about the behavioral characteristics of dysphonic children discussing profiled and their etiologic relationship with the voice disorder, seeking to define recommendations on the importance of analyzing the behavior of children in voice assessment. RESEARCH STRATEGY: Integrative review of articles published in the last 12 years, the Virtual Health Library. SELECTION CRITERIA: Set up the theme of "behavioral characteristics of dysphonic children" was selected the databases LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, SciELO and ISI Web of Science and the following inclusion criteria: original articles, publication year from 2000 and 2012, Portuguese, English and Spanish. DATA ANALYSIS: Among the 528 articles published childish voice and dysphonia, seven covered the topic researched and were included in the results. RESULTS: Observed that four papers studied the behavior of children with vocal nodules, one addressed the behavioral characteristics of children with various types of dysphonic vocal fold lesion and three correlated Attention Deficit Disorder / Hyperactivity and dysphonia. CONCLUSION: Not established a behavioral profile of children with vocal disorders, but the results were consistent recommendation for the importance of this analysis in the evaluation of dysphonia in children

Alterações Fonoaudiológicas no Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade: revisão sistemática de literatura

RESUMO Objetivo revisar sistematicamente as produções científicas acerca das relações entre o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade e a Fonoaudiologia e analisar, metodologicamente, os estudos observacionais sobre a temática. Estratégia de pesquisa trata-se de revisão sistemática de literatura, realizada nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on-line (MEDLINE, EUA), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS, Brasil) e Indice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), na qual foram utilizados os descritores “Linguagem”, “Desenvolvimento da Linguagem”, “Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade”, “TDAH” e “Percepção Auditiva”. Critérios de seleção foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2008 e 2013. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos completos, publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, no período de 2008 a 2013. Como critério de exclusão, foram considerados os artigos que não apresentavam, como foco principal, as alterações fonoaudiológicas presentes no Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade. Análise dos dados foi realizada a leitura dos artigos na íntegra e a extração de dados para caracterização da metodologia e do conteúdo das pesquisas. Resultados foram encontrados 23 artigos, os quais foram separados de acordo com dois eixos temáticos, relacionados à Fonoaudiologia e ao Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade. Conclusão o estudo das produções científicas revelou que as alterações fonoaudiológicas mais abordadas foram os distúrbios de leitura e que há poucas publicações acerca da relação entre o processamento auditivo e o transtorno, bem como a respeito da atuação do fonoaudiólogo na avaliação e no tratamento de crianças com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade