A Critical Point in Beekeeping: Beekeepers’ Health

Beekeeping activity implies a series of intensive processes and a variety of risks. After examining studies on beekeeping activity, it became obvious that beekeeping risk factors and beekeeping health studies are quite limited throughout world. This study aimed to reveal the possible effects of this activity on beekeepers health and to bring recommendations to be applied during practice. The beekeeper is often exposed to adverse effects such as mechanical and physical difficulties, environmental and climatic conditions: high temperature, time related stress, colonies transfer stress, insomnia, bee venom and smoke exposure during production activities. Any disadvantages that might occur in an environmentally friendly production context can be attributed to possible disruptions, injuries, psychological disorders and/or occupational accidents. The difficulties of living away from home and an irregular diet are constantly placing beekeeper’s health under pressure. The difficult process of bringing bee products to the table, influences on beekeeper’s health. In this production process, the beekeeper must make proof of his own health as well. Despite the reduction of labour force and risks through modern tools and equipment support in the developed countries, there are multiple risks in every stage of honey production, which is dependent on natural conditions. The results of the present research should bring awareness on the subject of beekeepers health and establish grounds about occupational health and safety in beekeeping activities

Plants used by honeybees as nectar and polen sources in Aydın, Karpuzlu-Çine district

This study was conducted to determine the honey plants which are used by honeybees for nectar and pollen sources in the flowering period (April-June) in Aydın, Karpuzlu-Çine district in 2003. In this research, 110 districts were investigated. 91 plant species belonging to 23 families were determined and they were evaluated according to their frequencies and general and special covering areas. These consist of 29 Fabaceae, 13 Asteraceae, 13 Labiateae, 7 species belonging to Brassicaceae family and other 29 species. Results showed that as wild plants spp., are more common than others in relation to their frequency. On the other hand , and are important honey plant species for honeybees with respect to general and special covering area in this region. While cotton ( ), corn ( ), peanut ( ) are industrial plant species, pear ( ), apple ( ) spp , peach ( ) are the main nectar and pollen sources for honey bees in this region.Aydın ili Çine-Karpuzlu yöresinde çiçeklenmenin yogun oldugu Nisan-Haziran aylarında yürütülen bu çalısma, bal arılarının ziyaret ederek nektar ve poleninden faydalanabilecegi bitkileri saptamak amacıyla 2003 yılında yapılmıstır. Toplam 110 ayrı alanda tarama yapılarak, 23 familyaya ait 91 bitki türü saptanmıstır. Bunlardan Fabaceae familyasına ait 29 tür, Asteraceae ve Labiatae familyalarına ait 13'er tür, Brassicaceae familyasına ait 7 tür olup, diger familyalara ait 29 bitki türü tespit edilmistir. Ayrıca bu türlerin rastlama sıklıgı, genel ve özel kaplama alanları belirlenmistir. Kendiliginden yetisen bitkiler, rastlama sıklıkları göz önüne alınarak sıralandıgında; ilk üç sırada; basta Aküçgül (Trifolium repens ) olmak üzere, hindiba türleri (Crepis spp.) ve Itır çiçegi (Geranium dissectum ) oldugu, diger türlerin bunları izledigi görülmüstür. Hayıt )ve lavanta (Lavandula stoechas ) bitkilerinin ise genel ve özel kaplama alanları önemli bulunmustur. Endüstri bitkileri ekim alanları bakımından, pamuk (Gossypium herbaceum ), mısır (Zea mays ) ve yer fıstıgı (Arachis hypogae ); meyve agaçları sayısı bakımından ise armut (Pyrus salicifolia ), elma (Malus spp ) ve seftali (Prunus persica ), ilk üç sırada yer almaktadır

The Effect of Supplementary Feeding with Different Pollens in Autumn on Colony Development under Natural Environment and In Vitro Lifespan of Honey Bees

Simple Summary In the present study, the effect of feeding with pollen sources with different protein content on colony performance, wintering ability and in-vitro longevity of colonies that weakened after feeding with pine honey in autumn or that needed to enter the winter period were investigated. The experiment was carried out in 48 colonies divided into six groups as follows: control, syrup, mixed pollen, Cistus creticus pollen (Pink rock-rose), Papaver somniferum pollen (Opium poppy), and commercial bee cake group. The effect of nutritional differences on survival was found to be statistically significant in vitro and this supports the colony results in the natural environment. As a result, P. somniferum pollen is a good preference to be used in feeding colonies in beekeeping, due to its rich nutritional content. Honey bees need pollen and nectar sources to survive in nature. Particularly, having young bees in colonies is vital before wintering, and proper feeding is necessary to achieve this. In the present study, the effect of feeding with pollen sources of different protein content on colony performance, wintering ability and in-vitro longevity of colonies that weakened after feeding with pine honey in autumn, or that needed to enter the winter period, was investigated. The experiment was carried out in 48 colonies divided into six groups as follows: control, syrup, mixed pollen, Cistus creticus pollen (Pink rock-rose), Papaver somniferum pollen (Opium poppy), and commercial bee cake groups. In particular, the P. somniferum pollen group was different (p < 0.01) from the other experiment groups with the number of bee frames (3.44), the area with brood (1184.14 cm(2)) and the wintering ability of 92.19%. The effect of nutritional differences on survival was found to be statistically significant in vitro and this supports the colony results in the natural environment (p < 0.001). The P. somniferum group has the longest longevity with 23 days. Pollen preferences of honey bees were P. somniferum, C. creticus, and mixed pollen, respectively.Pollen Preferences of Honey bees [TAGEM/HAYSUD/B/20/A4/P5/1890]; Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)This article was produced from the project The Pollen Preferences of Honey bees and the Effects of Pollen Use inWinter on Colony Dynamic (TAGEM/HAYSUD/B/20/A4/P5/1890) supported by The Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)

Arı Ürünlerinin Hayvancılık Sektöründe Kullanımı

The increase on conscious of natural feeding causes increase on popularity of bee products gradually in recent years. Many workout improve intended to use of bee products in food, agriculture and animal breeding husbandry in the World. Even of having strong beekeeping potential, rich floral sources, climatic conditions and genetic material enrichment, production and use of bee products other than honey is not on targeted level in Turkey. Reliability of bee products on production, processing, marketing and use is very important not only for nutrition side, but also for Apitherapy practises following in decades. Acknowledging, production, processing and use of bee products on animal health should be support by increasing scientific research in both quality and quantity with sector assistance. More healthy animal production will be support by using bee products. In this study, usage of bee products in animal sector was discussedSon yıllarda doğal beslenme bilincindeki artış, arı ürünlerinin popülaritesinin giderek artmasına neden olmuştur. Dünyada arı ürünlerinin gıda, tarım ve hayvancılıkta kullanımına yönelik çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Türkiye floral kaynaklar, iklim şartları ve genetik materyal zenginliği ile güçlü arıcılık potansiyeline sahip olmasına karşılık, bal dışındaki diğer arı ürünlerinin üretimi ve kullanımı istenen düzeyde değildir. Arı ürünlerinin üretimi, işlenmesi, pazarlanması ve kullanımı aşamalarında güvenirliliği, sadece beslenme açısından değil, son yıllarda daha sık sözü edilen Apiterapi (arı ürünlerinin sağlık korumada ve tedavide kullanımı) uygulamaları yönünden de büyük önem taşımaktadır. Hayvan sağlığında kullanılacak arı ürünlerinin tanınması, üretimi, işlenmesi ve kullanımı ile ilgili yapılacak bilimsel çalışmaların sayı ve niteliğinin artması, sektör tarafından desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Arı ürünlerinin kullanımı ile daha sağlıklı bir hayvansal üretim sağlanacaktır. Bu çalışmada, arı ürünlerinin hayvancılık sektöründe kullanım olanakları tartışılmıştı

Effects of different methods on royal jelly yields of Aegean ecotype (A.m.Anatolica) and Caucasica (A.m.aucasica) x Aegean crossbred honey bee colonies

Araştırma, Ege Bölgesi koşullarında bölge bal arısı ekotipi Ege ( ) ve Kafkas ( ) x Ege ( melez gruplarında balmumu ve plastik yüksük kullanımının ve farklı sayıda (40, 60 ve 80 adet) larva aşılamanın arı sütü verimi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, Ege ekotipi koloni grubu, Kafkas x Ege melezi koloni grubuna göre aşılama randımanı (% 68.96 3.42 ve%61.86 3.79 ), bir yüksükteki arı sütü miktarı (32412.8 ve 29911.7 mg), ve toplam arı sütü miktarı (228.211.8 ve 196.114.6 g) bakımından yüksek ve farklı bulunmuştur (P< 0.01). Denemede, yüksük tipi bakımından aşılama randımanı, bir yüksükteki arı sütü miktarı ve toplam arı sütü miktarları benzer bulunmuştur. Araştırmada, aşılanan yüksük sayısı artıkça aşılama randımanının düştüğü ancak kolonilerin toplam arı sütü üretimlerinin arttığı saptanmıştır.This research was conducted to determine the royal jelly production of Aegean ( ) and Caucasica ( ) x Aegean crossbred honeybee colonies in the conditions of South Aegean region. In addition to that the effects of bee wax and plastic cups on the production by grafting 40, 60 and 80 numbers of larvae in each group, was also determined. The average acceptance rate (68.96 3.42 % and 61.86 3.79 %), amount of royal jelly in a cup (32412.8 and 29911.7 mg) and total colony yields of royal jelly (22811.8 and 196.114.6 g) were higher in Aegean ecotype than x Aegean crossbred, respectively. The differences between the colonies for cup types, the average acceptance rate, total colony yield and amount of royal jelly in a cup were found insignificant. As the number of grafted larvae increased, the rate of acceptance of colonies decreased, but the total royal jelly production of colonies was increased

Propolisin İnsan Sağlığına Etkileri

In recent years, tendency on natural products are increasing due to lots of problems such as decline in efficiency of medicines, appear of side effects, and economic losses. Bee products are one of the most important groups in this tendency. Bee products draws public attention for antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiseptic effects especially in medical, medicine and food industry. In most of the countries in the world, treatment with bee products (apitherapy) are practiced, and they are accepted as a medical support by scientific authorizes. Nowadays, apitherapy and bee products come up to consumers' attention in our country and a new market is developing. The most intensive researches are being conducted on propolis called as ;quot;natural antibiotic;quot;. In this review, some of the researches on the effect of propolis on human health are given under various headings. Its effect of health are tried to be emphasized, and it is aimed to raise the awareness about the subject and shed light on new potential researches.Son yıllarda insan sağlığına yönelik kullanılan ilaçların etkinliğinin azalması, yan etkilerinin ortaya çıkması ve artması, ekonomik kayıpların meydana gelmesi gibi birçok olumsuzluğun sonucu olarak doğal ürünlere giderek artan bir yönelim oluşmaya başlamıştır. Bu yönelimin en çok yaşandığı grupların başında arı ürünleri gelmektedir. Arı ürünleri antibakteriyel, antioksidan, antifungal, antiinflamatuar, antitümör, antiseptik özellikleri nedeniyle tıp, ilaç ve gıda sektörü başta olmak üzere kamuoyunda oldukça ilgi görmektedir. Dünya'nın pek çok ülkesinde arı ürünleri ile tedavi (apiterapi) uygulamaları yapılmakta ve önemli tıbbi destek olarak saygın bilim otoritelerince kabul görmektedir. Ülkemizde ise son zamanlarda gündeme gelen apiterapi ve arı ürünleri tüketiciler tarafından takip edilmekte ve yeni bir pazar oluşmaktadır. Arı ürünlerinde en yoğun çalışmalar "doğal antibiyotik" olarak kabul edilen propolisin üzerinde yürütülmektedir. Bu derlemede, propolisin insan sağlığı üzerine etkilerine yönelik yapılmış çalışmaların bir kısmı belli başlıklar altında verilerek, sağlık üzerine etkisi vurgulanmaya çalışılmış, konu ile ilgili farkındalığın artırılması ve konuya yönelik potansiyel çalışmalara ışık tutması hedeflenmiştir