Collective City Making: How commoning practices foster inclusivity

The article addresses the concept of urban commons, specifically the ways in which it can contribute to inclusive urbanism. We consider how communities appropriate urban spaces, how commons mediate participation in urban development as well as the role of the physical configuration in fostering inclusiveness. The “PLATZprojekt” in Hanover, Germany, is taken as a case study. A container village of about 3,000 m2, the PLATZprojekt is understood as an experiment in offering people a self-organized space, one they can actively shape, a space to implement their ideas and to provoke discussion about their city. Initiated by a group of young skateboarders, it was funded by the BBSR[1]. Situated on a vacant lot in an industrial zone relatively close to the inner city, the PLATZprojekt seeks to provide space for projects and ideas that cannot be realised within the gentrified neighbourhoods of dense and commodified European metropolises. We analyse the PLATZprojekt as a permanent “commoning process” that encompasses different levels of accessibility and represents a positive example of inclusive urbanism while at the same time revealing various limitations. [1] Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Developmen

Chemische Gasphasensynthese von oxidischen Nanopartikeln

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Schumpeter´s Gale: Mixing and compartmentalization in Economics and Biology

Homogenization destroys biologic structures and social organizations or companies. Sometimes structure und sometimes mixing yields the highest productivity. Why and when will destruction be creative? We theoretically demonstrate in a simple enzyme ensemble of source and sink superadditivity and subadditivity by mixing or structured transfer (compartmentalization). Saturating production functions in combination with linear cost functions create besides superadditivity and subadditivity strong rationality and irrationality. Whenever a saturated source gives a costing substrate to an unsaturated sink where the substrate will be earning superadditivity of the ensemble of both will be observed. Such conditions characterize symbiosis and synergism. In antagonistic interactions (antibiosis) an earning substrate is taken from a source to be a costing substrate in a sink. Subadditivity will appear within the ensemble when the substrate will be more costing or less earning after the transfer. Only in superadditivity an active ensemble (with substrate transfer) will have superior productivity in comparison to an inactive ensemble (no transfer of substrate). Mixing is able to destroy irrational transfers reversing the role of source and sink. In life forms the transfer may be accompanied by brute force, a mirror of higher affinity in enzymes. The different outcomes are interrelated regions on a surface within a three dimensional transfer space or ensemble space

Schumpeter´s Gale: Mixing and compartmentalization in Economics and Biology

Homogenization destroys biologic structures and social organizations or companies. Sometimes structure und sometimes mixing yields the highest productivity. Why and when will destruction be creative? We theoretically demonstrate in a simple enzyme ensemble of source and sink superadditivity and subadditivity by mixing or structured transfer (compartmentalization). Saturating production functions in combination with linear cost functions create besides superadditivity and subadditivity strong rationality and irrationality. Whenever a saturated source gives a costing substrate to an unsaturated sink where the substrate will be earning superadditivity of the ensemble of both will be observed. Such conditions characterize symbiosis and synergism. In antagonistic interactions (antibiosis) an earning substrate is taken from a source to be a costing substrate in a sink. Subadditivity will appear within the ensemble when the substrate will be more costing or less earning after the transfer. Only in superadditivity an active ensemble (with substrate transfer) will have superior productivity in comparison to an inactive ensemble (no transfer of substrate). Mixing is able to destroy irrational transfers reversing the role of source and sink. In life forms the transfer may be accompanied by brute force, a mirror of higher affinity in enzymes. The different outcomes are interrelated regions on a surface within a three dimensional transfer space or ensemble space

Mehr Licht auf Schattenfinanzplätze

Die besondere volkswirtschaftliche Stellung von Finanzinstituten rückt zunehmend in den Mittelpunkt der öffentlichen Debatte. Dabei werden auch die Auswirkungen von Schattenfinanzplätzen kontrovers diskutiert. Doch diese Orte der Verdunkelung sind etablierter Baustein der internationalen Finanzmarktarchitektur

Endoparasitic insights of free-living fin (Balaenoptera physalus), Humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) and North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena glacialis) from Eastern Canadian Waters

Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.Purpose: To date, little is still known on parasite infections affecting free-living large whale populations worldwide. Data presented should be considered as a baseline study for future monitoring surveys on endoparasites affecting whales, thereby enhancing investigations on impacts of zoonotic parasitoses not only on vulnerable or endangered baleen whale population health but also on public health. Methods: The presented study is a first report on gastrointestinal parasites infecting different free-living baleen whales inhabiting East Canadian waters using non-invasive methods. Individual faecal samples from fin (n = 3; Balaenoptera physalus), humpback (n = 4; Megaptera novaeangliae) and North Atlantic right whales (n = 1; Eubalaena glacialis) were collected without animal disturbance, within their natural habitats on an ecological expedition during annual surveys in summer 2017. Faecal samples were assessed by standardized diagnostic methods, such as sodium acetate acetic formalin (SAF) technique, carbol fuchsin-stained faecal smears, Giardia/Cryptosporidium coproantigen ELISAs and were applied for further identification. Results: Parasitological infections included three different potentially zoonotic parasite species, one protozoa (Entamoeba spp.) and two metazoans (Diphyllobothriidae gen. sp., Ascaridida indet.). No positive Giardia/Cryptosporidium coproantigen ELISA could be found in the studied whales. Conclusion: This study adds to the current knowledge of intestinal and zoonotic parasite infections of vulnerable to partly endangered free-ranging baleen whales. Only few or no parasitological studies exist for these whale species, usually dealing with only one dead specimen. We call for more research in this field especially for the importance of conservation of free-living marine mammals using non-invasive methods.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe