Super Fibonacci Graceful Labeling of Some Special Class of Graphs

A Fibonacci graceful labeling and a super Fibonacci graceful labeling on graphs were introduced by Kathiresan and Amutha in 2006

MQMF: Multiple Quality Measure Factors for Trust Computation and Security in MANET

Identification of the mobile ad hoc network node in a secure, reliable communication is a very important factor. It will be a node in the service of reconciliation and node behaviour leads to uncertainty. It is always challenge to manage node security and resource due to the complexity of high mobility and resource constraints. Trust based security provides light-weight security computing for individual node trust to provide reliable and quality of service. In this paper we present a multiple quality measure factors (MQMF) approach for computing node trust to improvise the quality of service. It compute four quality measure factors based on node throughput and packet drop during communication to measure the node individual trustworthiness. It prevent the network from anomalous and malicious nodes to improvise the security and throughput. The evaluation measures shows an improvisation in throughput with less packet drop and computational overload in compare to existing protocols

A Study of Relationship among General Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Academic Achievement of Higher Secondary Students

In the present study an attempt was made to find out the relationship between anxiety and academic achievement of Higher secondary school students. This area of research has been of considerable interest to teachers who have observed that some children appear to perform below their best in situations characterized by a high degree of stress. It was expected that students with high anxiety would be more likely to perform less adequately throughout their studies than would non-anxious students. The Higher secondary level is a turning point in the life of the adolescents. The students and their parents take the decisions of their career selection during this transition period. Adolescents of our schools have many disturbing problems that often interfere with their academic achievement. Anxiety and anxiety related problems are very common during adolescence. The investigator randomly selected a total number of 12 schools for the study that included Government, Private aided and Private unaided schools. Sample comprised 180 students for the study. The findings of the study are: 1)There is a positive high correlation between general anxiety and test anxiety. 2) There is a negative low correlation between general anxiety and academic achievement. 3) There is a negative low correlation (-0.222) between test anxiety and academic achievement of higher secondary students.   Key words: General Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Academic Achievement, Higher Secondary student

Enhancement in Speaker Identification through Feature Fusion using Advanced Dilated Convolution Neural Network

There are various challenges in identifying the speakers accurately. The Extraction of discriminative features is a vital task for accurate identification in the speaker identification task. Nowadays, speaker identification is widely investigated using deep learning. The complex and noisy speech data affects the performance of Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC); hence, MFCC fails to represent the speaker characteristics accurately. In this proposed work, a novel text-independent speaker identification system is developed to enhance the performance by fusion of Log-MelSpectrum and excitation features. The excitation information is obtained due to the vibration of vocal folds, and it is represented using Linear Prediction (LP) residual. The various types of features extracted from the excitation are residual phase, sharpness, Energy of Excitation (EoE), and Strength of Excitation (SoE). The extracted features were processed with the dilated convolution neural network (dilated CNN) to fulfill the identification task. The extensive evaluation showed that the fusion of excitation features gives better results than the existing methods. The accuracy reaches 94.12% for 11 complex classes and 91.34% for 80 speakers, and Equal Error Rate (EER) is reduced to 1.16% for the proposed model. The proposed model is tested with the Librispeech corpus using Matlab 2021b tool, outperforming the existing baseline models. The proposed model achieves an accuracy improvement of 1.34% compared to the baseline system

Primary Education in India: A Case Study of Government- Run Primary Schools in Rudraram

In India, we have three different types of schools, namely schools that follow state syllabus, schools that follow central syllabus and schools that follow International curriculum.  Hence, at any class level, we end up with students who have different levels of academic knowledge.  Coming to the rural villages, students who come from economically backward classes are obliged to opt for Government run schools due to their financial constraints.  The Government run schools teach in vernacular medium.  The present paper deals with the limitations of Government run schools in terms of performance when compared to Central Board schools and International curriculum schools.   For the purpose of present case study, the Mandal Parishad Primary school and Zilla Parishad Primary school in Rudraram, Patancheru Mandal in Andhra Pradesh State are considered.  The students in Zilla and Mandal Parishad Primary schools are basically from a weak economic background.  Students of these schools are beleaguered with linguistic, social, and financial problems.  Teachers who teach in these Parishad Primary schools should keep these facts in mind while teaching the students.    These Parishad Primary schools need teachers who not only can teach the subject to the students but also who are aware of the problems that students face in their daily lives so that the teachers can motivate them to excel and exceed in academics.  The present study deals with various factors that influence the performance of students in Zilla and Mandal Parishad Primary schools.  The study is carried out with the aim to call attention to the issues that hinder the progress of students.  These concerns can be identified and addressed by proper channels so that the Parishad Primary School students can emerge as competent individuals on par with students from schools run by Central Government and private sector.  The paper expounds that the society also has a major role to play in the improvement of Zilla Parishad Primary schools.  Instead of depending upon the Government alone for financial aid, society should come forward to improve rural education as these students are a part of future India. Keywords: Zilla Parishad Primary school, Mandal Parishad Primary school, rural education and Primary school education

Oxidative Stress in Invertebrate Systems

Invertebrates have been valuable research models in the discovery of many scientific principles owing to the numerous advantages they provide. Throughout the life cycle, many of them thrive in pathogen-rich environments, manage harsh weathers, exposed to a number of allochemicals, and adapt well to both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Their remarkable ability to cope up with the enormous oxidative stress generated in all these circumstances, make them attractive models in this field of research. Endocrine control of oxidative stress in insects is recently emerging. Adipokinetic hormone, glucagon, ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone have been implicated in antioxidative protective role in insects. Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans have provided the largest body of evidence addressing the free radical theory of ageing. Oxidative stress is also induced by pesticides/insecticides. In mollusks, pesticides exert their biological effects via generation of ROS. Oxidative stress has been shown to be associated with exposure to several organophosphorous compounds and different classes of pyrethroids. Malathion is a potential hazard to the environment. Adverse effects induced by malathion in earthworms and insects have been reported. Information is now available in great detail on the role of ROS in modulating insect immunity during parasite invasion and bacterial infection. In Drosophila melanogaster ROS are actively produced in the midgut at a basal level in the presence of commensal microbiota and highly generated upon bacterial challenge. The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mosquito immunity against bacteria and Plasmodium was investigated in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. The concentration of ROS increased in sand fly midguts after they fed on the insect pathogen Serratia marcescens. Elevated oxidative stress was previously reported for a mosquito line experimentally infected with Wolbachia, indicating that oxidative stress may be important for Wolbachia-mediated antiviral protection. In a nutshell, this chapter highlights the current advances of oxidative stress in invertebrate model systems and its implications

ANTI-CANCER EFFECT OF OCIMUM SANCTUM ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMA CELL LINE

Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of alcoholic root extract of Ocimum sanctum, in human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell (NCI-H460).Methods: The effect of ethanolic extract of O. sanctum in NCI-H460 cell was investigated by the cell viability assay, generation of ROS in a cancer cell, apoptotic morphological changes and by mitochondrial membrane potential.Results: The cytotoxicity was observed by MMT assay. NCI-H460 cell was treated with various concentrations (10-150 µg/ml) of extract for 24 hr and 150 µg/ml showed a maximum decrease in cell viability. The extract (25-100µg/ml) showed significant increase ROS production in NCI-H460 cell. It greatly inhibits cell viability and colony forming capacity of NCI-H460 cell, possibly because of increased oxidative stress. An increased apoptotic cell in Ocimum sanctum further shows its anticancer nature. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential is an early stage of apoptosis. Our results showed that extract treatment caused serve loss of in NCI-H460 cell.Conclusion: The present study suggests that O. sanctum extract act by increasing oxidative damage in NCI-H460 cells.Keywords: Ocimum sanctum, NCI-H460 lung carcinoma cells, MTT assay, Apoptosis, Oxidative damag

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of White Ponni, a non-basmati variety of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.)

We report successful Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of a popular rice variety White Ponni, a non-basmati indica rice (Oryza sativa L.). Scutellumderived calluses of White Ponni were transformed with Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 (pSB1) harbouring the binary vector pMKU-RF2 with rice chi11 gene. Five independent transgenic White Ponni plants were generated from hygromycin-resistant calluses. Stable integration of the transgene was confirmed and copy numbers were determined by Southern analysis. Among the five plants, four possessed single-copy T-DNA integration events while one was found to have two integrated copies of T-DNA. Western analysis revealed a higher level of chitinase accumulation in all the five T0 plants. Progeny analysis of T0 plants confirmed the inheritance of the transgene to the next generation

Art and craft of episiotomy

Background: Episiotomy is the most common obstetric surgical procedure performed in labor room. Mediolateral and Midline episiotomies are the most common types. Post-delivery suture angle is the most important determinant factor which predicts the risk of anal sphincter injuries. Mediolateral episiotomy has a significantly lower risk of OASIS rate when compared to midline episiotomies. Aim of the study was to know whether mediolateral episiotomies are actually mediolateral and does the angle of episiotomy influences the risk of anal sphincter injuries, maternal/fetal complications in the perinatal period.Methods: An observational study was conducted on 250 postpartum patients admitted to our hospital. Details of episiotomy in relation to incision angle, length, depth and post suturing angle were noted within two days of delivery.Results: Among the subjects included there were 40.8 % incisions were RMLE, average length was 3.32cms, average suture angle is 28.69 degree. OASIS was seen in 19.5% cases more so with midline episiotomies.Conclusions: Episiotomy is an essential, must to know skill. Compulsory ssupervised clinical teaching and use of skill lab training can prevent potential detrimental consequences