Survei Awal Kesiapan Kontraktor Di Surabaya Dalam Menerapkan “TIME Impact Analysis”

Keterlambatan dalam pelaksanaan proyek adalah hal yang sering kali tidak terhindari oleh Kontraktor karena sifat proyek konstruksi yang dinamis. Time Impact Analysis adalah salah satu metode delay analysis yang mana merupakan suatu bentuk analisa keterlambatan yang digunakan pada proyek konstruksi, untuk menentukan durasi keterlambatan yang bukan tanggung jawab kontraktor. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesiapan kontraktor di Surabaya dalam menerapkan Time Impact Analysis dan hal – hal yang menjadi kendala dalam menerapkannya. Teknik analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah statistik deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan kesiapan kontraktor di Surabaya dalam menerapkan Time Impact Analysis. Survei dilakukan terhadap 24 proyek yang terdiri dari 9 Perusahaan kontraktor. Berdasarkan hasil survei dengan total 67 responden, didapatkan hasil bahwa kontraktor di Surabaya belum siap untuk menerapkan Time Impact Analysis dikarenakan beberapa kendala, terutama kesulitan dalam penggunaan fragnet dan kesulitan memprediksi keterlambatan untuk analisa Time Impact Analysis secara Prospective

Correlated ab-initio calculations for ground-state properties of II-VI semiconductors

Correlated ab-initio ground-state calculations, using relativistic energy-consistent pseudopotentials, are performed for six II-VI semiconductors. Valence ($ns,np$) correlations are evaluated using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations. An incremental scheme is applied based on correlation contributions of localized bond orbitals and of pairs and triples of such bonds. In view of the high polarity of the bonds in II-VI compounds, we examine both, ionic and covalent embedding schemes for the calculation of individual bond increments. Also, a partitioning of the correlation energy according to local ionic increments is tested. Core-valence ($nsp,(n-1)d$) correlation effects are taken into account via a core-polarization potential. Combining the results at the correlated level with corresponding Hartree-Fock data we recover about 94% of the experimental cohesive energies; lattice constants are accurate to \sim 1%; bulk moduli are on average 10% too large compared with experiment.Comment: 10 pages, twocolumn, RevTex, 3 figures, accepted Phys. Rev.

Influence of electron correlations on ground-state properties of III-V semiconductors

Lattice constants and bulk moduli of eleven cubic III-V semiconductors are calculated using an ab initio scheme. Correlation contributions of the valence electrons, in particular, are determined using increments for localized bonds and for pairs and triples of such bonds; individual increments, in turn, are evaluated using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations. Core-valence correlation is taken into account by means of a core polarization potential. Combining the results at the correlated level with corresponding Hartree-Fock data, we obtain lattice constants which agree with experiment within an average error of -0.2%; bulk moduli are accurate to +4%. We discuss in detail the influence of the various correlation contributions on lattice constants and bulk moduli.Comment: 4 pages, Latex, no figures, Phys. Rev. B, accepte

Mathematical modeling of cell population dynamics in the colonic crypt and in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is initiated in colonic crypts. A succession of genetic mutations or epigenetic changes can lead to homeostasis in the crypt being overcome, and subsequent unbounded growth. We consider the dynamics of a single colorectal crypt by using a compartmental approach [Tomlinson IPM, Bodmer WF (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92: 11130-11134], which accounts for populations of stem cells, differential cells, and transit cells. That original model made the simplifying assumptions that each cell popuation divides synchronously, but we relax these assumptions by adopting an age-structured approach that models asynchronous cell division, and by using a continuum model. We discuss two mechanims that could regulate the growth of cell numbers and maintain the equilibrium that is normally observed in the crypt. The first will always maintain an equilibrium for all parameter values, whereas the second can allow unbounded proliferation if the net per capita growth rates are large enough. Results show that an increase in cell renewal, which is equivalent to a failure of programmed cell death or of differentiation, can lead to the growth of cancers. The second model can be used to explain the long lag phases in tumor growth, during which news, higher equilibria are reached, before unlimited growth in cell number ensues

Determinants of Delayed Diagnosis and Multi-Drug Resistent Tuberculosis Treatment in Surakarta, Central Java

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for about 9.6 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths annually. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to, at least, rifampin and isoniazid (the recommended first-line therapeutic regimen), represents another important threat in the fight against the disease. Approximately 480,000 newly emerging cases of MDR-TB are estimated to occur every year. The spread of MDR-TB mostly derives from mismanagement of TB cases such as the use of inappropriate dosage, inappropriate regimen, limited availability of quality assured pharmaceutical products, and little effort to support patient adherence. This study aimed to examine the determinants of delayed MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment in Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java. A total of 73 MDR-TB patients were selected for this study. The dependent variable was delayed MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment. The independent variables were age, gender, distance to health facility, health facility type, suspect criteria of MDR-TB. Data on MDR-TB were taken from medical record. The other data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Delayed MDR-TB diagnosis was associated with age (OR= 1.02; 95% CI= 0.98 to 1.06; p= 0.330), gender (OR= 0.06; 95% CI= 0.19 to 1.75 p= 0.330), distance to health facility (OR=1.50; 95% CI= 0.53 to 4.19; p= 0.450), health facility type (OR= 0.97; 95% CI= 0.49 to 1.92; p= 0.920), and MDR-TB suspect criteria (OR= 0.91; 95% CI= 0.61 to 1.35; p= 0.620), but none of them was statistically significant. Delayed MDR-TB treatment was associated with age (OR= 0.99; 95% CI= 0.96 to 1.03; p= 0.870), gender (OR= 0.42; 95% CI= 0.15 to 1.22; p= 0.112), distance to health facility (OR= 1.2; 95% CI= 0.44 to 3.30; p= 0.730), health facility type (OR= 1.50; 95% CI= 0.77 to 2.92; p= 0.240), and MDR-TB suspect criteria (OR= 0.90; 95% CI= 0.62 to 1.32; p= 0.600), but none of them was statistically significant. Conclusion: Age, gender, distance to health facility, health facility type, and MDR-TB suspect criteria, can not be used as reliable predictors of delayed MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: delayed, diagnosis, treatment, multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Cohesive properties of alkali halides

We calculate cohesive properties of LiF, NaF, KF, LiCl, NaCl, and KCl with ab-initio quantum chemical methods. The coupled-cluster approach is used to correct the Hartree-Fock crystal results for correlations and to systematically improve cohesive energies, lattice constants and bulk moduli. After inclusion of correlations, we recover 95-98 % of the total cohesive energies. The lattice constants deviate from experiment by at most 1.1 %, bulk moduli by at most 8 %. We also find good agreement for spectroscopic properties of the corresponding diatomic molecules.Comment: LaTeX, 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Phys. Rev.

Resonant enhancements of high-order harmonic generation

Solving the one-dimensional time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation for simple model potentials, we investigate resonance-enhanced high-order harmonic generation, with emphasis on the physical mechanism of the enhancement. By truncating a long-range potential, we investigate the significance of the long-range tail, the Rydberg series, and the existence of highly excited states for the enhancements in question. We conclude that the channel closings typical of a short-range or zero-range potential are capable of generating essentially the same effects.Comment: 7 pages revtex, 4 figures (ps files

A refined radio-telemetry technique to monitor right ventricle or pulmonary artery pressures in rats: a useful tool in pulmonary hypertension research

Implantable radio-telemetry methodology, allowing for continuous recording of pulmonary haemodynamics, has previously been used to assess effects of therapy on development and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. In the original procedure, rats were subjected to invasive thoracic surgery, which imposes significant stress that may disturb critical aspects of the cardiovascular system and delay recovery. In the present study, we describe and compare the original trans-thoracic approach with a new, simpler trans-diaphragm approach for catheter placement, which avoids the need for surgical invasion of the thorax. Satisfactory overall success rates up to 75% were achieved in both approaches, and right ventricular pressures and heart and respiratory rates normalised within 2 weeks. However, recovery was significantly faster in trans-diaphragm than in trans-thoracic operated animals (6.4 ± 0.5 vs 9.5 ± 1.1 days, respectively; p < 0.05). Stable right ventricular pressures were recorded for more than 4 months, and pressure changes, induced by monocrotaline or pulmonary embolisms, were readily detected. The data demonstrate that right ventricular telemetry is a practicable procedure and a useful tool in pulmonary hypertension research in rats, especially when used in combination with echocardiography. We conclude that the described trans-diaphragm approach should be considered as the method of choice, for it is less invasive and simpler to perform

Time-dependent calculation of ionization in Potassium at mid-infrared wavelengths

We study the dynamics of the Potassium atom in the mid-infrared, high intensity, short laser pulse regime. We ascertain numerical convergence by comparing the results obtained by the direct expansion of the time-dependent Schroedinger equation onto B-Splines, to those obtained by the eigenbasis expansion method. We present ionization curves in the 12-, 13-, and 14-photon ionization range for Potassium. The ionization curve of a scaled system, namely Hydrogen starting from the 2s, is compared to the 12-photon results. In the 13-photon regime, a dynamic resonance is found and analyzed in some detail. The results for all wavelengths and intensities, including Hydrogen, display a clear plateau in the peak-heights of the low energy part of the Above Threshold Ionization (ATI) spectrum, which scales with the ponderomotive energy Up, and extends to 2.8 +- 0.5 Up.Comment: 15 two-column pages with 15 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev A. Improved figures, language and punctuation, and made minor corrections. We also added a comparison to the ADK theor

Monitoring, management, and outcome of hypotension in Intensive Care Unit patients, an international survey of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine

INTRODUCTION: Hypotension in the ICU is common, yet management is challenging and variable. Insight in management by ICU physicians and nurses may improve patient care and guide future hypotension treatment trials and guidelines. METHODS: We conducted an international survey among ICU personnel to provide insight in monitoring, management, and perceived consequences of hypotension. RESULTS: Out of 1464 respondents, 1197 (81.7%) were included (928 physicians (77.5%) and 269 nurses (22.5%)). The majority indicated that hypotension is underdiagnosed (55.4%) and largely preventable (58.8%). Nurses are primarily in charge of monitoring changes in blood pressure, physicians are in charge of hypotension treatment. Balanced crystalloids, dobutamine, norepinephrine, and Trendelenburg position were the most frequently reported fluid, inotrope, vasopressor, and positional maneuver used to treat hypotension. Reported complications believed to be related to hypotension were AKI and myocardial injury. Most ICUs do not have a specific hypotension treatment guideline or protocol (70.6%), but the majority would like to have one in the future (58.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Both physicians and nurses report that hypotension in ICU patients is underdiagnosed, preventable, and believe that hypotension influences morbidity. Hypotension management is generally not protocolized, but the majority of respondents would like to have a specific hypotension management protocol