APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY IN MEDIUM COMPONENTS OPTIMIZATION TO ENHANCE SERRATIOPEPTIDASE PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES HYDROGENANSMGS13

For enhanced production of Serratiopeptidase by an actinomycetestrain, Streoptomyces hydrogenans MGS13, optimization of fermentationmedium was initially carried out by conventional method of ‗one-factor-at-atime‘.Later it was optimized by applying response surface methodology.Interactions were studied with four variables viz. levels of dextrose, soyabean meal and inoculum & pH using Central Composite Design. This modelwas validated by conducting the experiments under the optimized conditions,which resulted in the improved Serratiopeptidase production of 254.56IU/mL (Predicted response 278.087 IU/mL), thus proving the validity of themodel. Streptomyces hydrogenans MGS13 strain isolated from mangrovesoil sediment was taken up for this study. This study demonstrates the abilityof the strain, Streptomyces hydrogenans MGS13 for the Serratiopeptidaseproduction and the application of response surface methodology withimproved Serratiopeptidase production. The statistical experimental design issimple and less time consuming & is adequate to economize thefermentation. This is the first report on the application of response surfacemethodology for Serratiopeptidase production by an actinomycete isolate

MULTI MODAL FACE RECOGNITION USING BLOCK BASED CURVELET FEATURES

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present multimodal 2D +3D face recognition method using block based curvelet features. The 3D surface of face (Depth Map

Occupational Blood Exposures in Health Care Workers at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital: Incidence, Characteristics and Transmission of Blood Borne Pathogens

Health care workers (HCW) are at risk of contracting Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human immunodeficiency viruses through Occupational Blood Exposure (OBE). Information on the incidence rate, epidemiological characteristics and transmission rate are essential to formulate effective preventive measures and management of OBE. From June-2016 to May-2018, OBE among HCW were captured systematically in EPINet (Exposure prevention information network) Register through Self reporting system. Data on number of in-patient days was collected. Incidence rate, epidemiological characteristics and transmission rate were analyzed and evaluated. Sixty seven OBE incidents were reported by HCWs accounting to an incidence rate of 0.2/1000 in-patient days. Of these, 94% were Needle stick injuries and 6% were Blood and body fluid exposures. OBE incidents occurred mainly in wards, emergency department and operation theatre with a rate of 38.8%, 35.8% and 14.9% respectively. Exposures were encountered mainly by Interns (32.8%), staff-nurses (22.4%), Post-graduate students (14.9%) and Nursing students (14.9%). Recapping of the needle was the activity which led to OBE in 37.3% and improper disposal of sharps in 22.38 % of the incidents. In addition, 19.4% and 8.95% of the incidents were due to accidental and patient factors respectively. None of the followed-up HCWs at the end of 6 months were infected by these exposures. The study brings out the epidemiological characteristics of OBE and throws a light on the target population among HCW who require more awareness and training to prevent OBE

Whole genome characterization of Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus isolated from OPA infected sheep (India) and structural assessment (In-silico) of proteins of JSRV

The study was conducted from 2017 to 2021 in sheep and goat population from Krishna, Guntur and Chittoor districts of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 1256 clinically unhealthy animals out of which 420 animals were manifested respiratory emaciated symptoms based on wheelbarrow test, all aged between 3 months to 4 years. Molecular diagnosis confirmed 38 samples out of 420 samples confirmed by wheelbarrow test. The prevalence rate of JSRV induced OPA is 3.02 % the less infection rate was observed in male as compared to females’ animals and this prevalence during the late winter seasons. The size of 7462 bp genome was sequenced from pathomorphological diversified animal lung sample. The genomic analysis reveals a total of 506 SNPs variants were recorded. The phylogenetic studies reveal, the isolated strain is very similar to South African strains but it diversified from UK and China strain. The structural and functional assessment studies based on derived amino acid sequence showed nonsignificant changes in 3D structures of proteins encoded by the JSRV genome. The substitution mutations both at Nucleotide and Amino acid sequence level suggest neutral evolution and they are under minimal evolutionary pressure

Elevated CO₂ and Water Stress in Combination in Plants: Brothers in Arms or Partners in Crime?

The changing dynamics in the climate are the primary and important determinants of agriculture productivity. The effects of this changing climate on overall productivity in agriculture can be understood when we study the effects of individual components contributing to the changing climate on plants and crops. Elevated CO2 (eCO2) and drought due to high variability in rainfall is one of the important manifestations of the changing climate. There is a considerable amount of literature that addresses climate effects on plant systems from molecules to ecosystems. Of particular interest is the effect of increased CO2 on plants in relation to drought and water stress. As it is known that one of the consistent effects of increased CO2 in the atmosphere is increased photosynthesis, especially in C3 plants, it will be interesting to know the effect of drought in relation to elevated CO2. The potential of elevated CO2 ameliorating the effects of water deficit stress is evident from literature, which suggests that these two agents are brothers in arms protecting the plant from stress rather than partners in crime, specifically for water deficit when in isolation. The possible mechanisms by which this occurs will be discussed in this minireview. Interpreting the effects of short-term and long-term exposure of plants to elevated CO2 in the context of ameliorating the negative impacts of drought will show us the possible ways by which there can be effective adaption to crops in the changing climate scenario