SPANISH HOUSEHOLD DEMAND FOR SEAFOOD PRODUCTS

Consumption of seafood products in Spain has increased recently. Data from a nationally representative household budget survey are used. A double-hurdle model, applied to expenditures on fresh and processed seafood, shows the value of women's time, income and demographics to be determinants of participation and expenditure on seafood products.Consumer/Household Economics,

Spanish Household Demand for Seafood

Seafood is an important food commodity in Spain, the second largest consuming nation of seafood in the world. Today, several changes in demographics, socioeconomic factors, and lifestyle changes have affected demand for seafood products. Double-hurdle models allow an examination of Spanish household expenditures on these products and explicitly account for the value of women\u27s time. The empirical evidence shows that the set of statistically significant factors in the participation and expenditure equations is not the same for fresh and processed seafood goods. Income and household demographic variables are important determinants of both participation and expenditures on seafood products. In addition, the value of women\u27s time affects expenditures on processed products, which include frozen, cured, and canned seafood goods

Demand for Food Commodities by Income Groups in Indonesia

An analysis of the structure of demand was performed on household data classified into income groups for urban Indonesia. A demographically augmented Linearized Almost Ideal Demand System was used to estimate the structural parameters of the demand equations. Endogenous switching regression techniques yielded unbiased and consistent demand parameter estimates for the low income group, which had a large number of zeros for some food groups. Standard, seemingly unrelated, equation techniques were used to estimate the demand parameters for the other income groups. The results showed demands for the medium-high and high income households to be responsive to prices, income and demographic variables. Demands for the medium-low income households were responsive to income and prices only. Demands for low income households were responsive to income and prices of rice and fish only

Disaggregated Welfare Effects of Agricultural Price Policies in Urban Indonesia

Historically, the Government of Indonesia has intervened in food markets to control and stabilize food prices. Recently, policy has changed and input and food subsidies have been reduced. The resulting food price increases have had effects on consumers that differ among income groups. This paper develops a theoretically consistent methodology to measure changes in different income groups\u27 welfare. Results show the importance of considering distributional effects of policy changes and of developing appropriate targeting of food policies

Determinación espectroquímica de impurezas en plata

Con el fin de verificar el grado de pureza de la plata empleada principalmente para la fabricación de fusibles, se ha aplicado el análisis espectroquímico por su gran sensibilidad y rapidez. Debido a la gran variedad en el diámetro de los alambres y ante la imposibilidad de disponer de los patrones standard para cada medida, fue necesario disolver la muestra y realizar el análisis sobre las sales (nitratos). Las muestras standard se prepararon por el mismo procedimiento, empleando sustancias de pureza espectroscópica (Johnson Matthey). Esta técnica de análisis nos permite determinar once elementos (Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Sn, Al, Zn, Pt, Pd, Ir, Au). Se utilizo un espectrógrafo Z-3 (Jobin-Yvon), fuente de excitación G.M.60 (de Durr) y densitómetro 21-051 (Jarrell-Ash).Because of its great sensitivity and time-saving characteristics spectrochemical analysis has "been applied to the purity control of silver to he used mainly in fuse manufacture. As wires differ widely in their diameters and it is almost impossible to obtain standards por each size, it was necessary to disolve the sample and analize the resulting salts (nitrates). Standard samples were prepared making use of the procedure on spectroscopically pure materials (Johnson Matthey). This analytical technique allows the determination of eleven elements, i.e. Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Sn, Al, Zn, Pt, Pd, Ir, Au. Instrumentation used includes Jobin-Yvon Z-3 spectrograph, Durr G.M.60 excitation source and Jarrell-Ash,model 21-051 densitometer

Finite temperature molecular dynamics study of unstable stacking fault free energies in silicon

We calculate the free energies of unstable stacking fault (USF) configurations on the glide and shuffle slip planes in silicon as a function of temperature, using the recently developed Environment Dependent Interatomic Potential (EDIP). We employ the molecular dynamics (MD) adiabatic switching method with appropriate periodic boundary conditions and restrictions to atomic motion that guarantee stability and include volume relaxation of the USF configurations perpendicular to the slip plane. Our MD results using the EDIP model agree fairly well with earlier first-principles estimates for the transition from shuffle to glide plane dominance as a function of temperature. We use these results to make contact to brittle-ductile transition models.Comment: 6 pages revtex, 4 figs, 16 refs, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Comparison between classical potentials and ab initio for silicon under large shear

The homogeneous shear of the {111} planes along the direction of bulk silicon has been investigated using ab initio techniques, to better understand the strain properties of both shuffle and glide set planes. Similar calculations have been done with three empirical potentials, Stillinger-Weber, Tersoff and EDIP, in order to find the one giving the best results under large shear strains. The generalized stacking fault energies have also been calculated with these potentials to complement this study. It turns out that the Stillinger-Weber potential better reproduces the ab initio results, for the smoothness and the amplitude of the energy variation as well as the localization of shear in the shuffle set