Application of Fuzzy Logic for Monitoring of Appearance of Heat Waves in Large Towns

In the paper are introduced some results of the influence of cooling effect of vegetation on the climate in large towns. The results have been acquired from measurement of some meteorological variables in selected parts of large town and from application of fuzzy models on the prediction of maximum day temperature. Great motivation of the paper is not only course of maximum temperature in standard days but especially the more dramatic situations as is appearance of Heat Waves. Besides the selection of relevant variables and the design of knowledge based system (with application) is performed an approximation operation for knowledge based systém function taking into account the conditions throughout the city

Interpretation Process in Conceptual Re-design of Systems

Katedra automatického řízen

Assessment of the Possibility of Using Fly Ash from Biomass Combustion for Concrete

This article analyses the possibility of using fly ash from the combustion of wood–sunflower biomass in a fluidized bed boiler as an additive to concrete. The research shows that fly ash applied in an amount of 10–30% can be added as a sand substitute for the production of concrete, without reducing quality (compression strength and low-temperature resistance) compared to control concrete. The 28-day compressive strength of concrete with fly ash increases with the amount of ash added (up to 30%), giving a strength 28% higher than the control concrete sample. The addition of fly ash reduces the extent to which the compression strength of concrete is lowered after low-temperature resistance tests by 22–82%. The addition of fly ash in the range of 10–30% causes a slight increase in the water absorption of concrete. Concretes containing the addition of fly ash from biomass combustion do not have a negative environmental impact with respect to the leaching of heavy metal ions into the environment

Influence of waste ashes from biomass combustion on frost resistance of cement mortars

This article presents the influence of ashes generated in the combustion processes of various types of biomasses on the durability (resistance to freezing and thawing after 25 cycles) of cement mortars. Three types of ashes were used for the tests: two fly ashes and one bottom ash. These differ in chemical composition and microstructure in the amounts of 10%, 20%, and 30% of the cement mass and are used as a substitute for standard sand. The ashes are characterized in terms of microstructure and chemical composition. The research shows that, regardless of the type of ash used, all the cement mortars containing ash are characterized by higher durability than the control mortars. Among the modified mortars, the smallest decrease in resistance (by 0.54%) to the process of freezing and thawing is shown by cement mortars containing 10% fly ash from the combustion process of biomass with the addition of sunflower, and the largest (by 7.56%) show mortars containing 30% bottom ash from the combustion of biomass with the addition of sunflower. These findings suggest that the incorporation of biomass ashes, particularly fly ash, into the cement matrix mixes has the potential to improve their durability for road infrastructure applications

Influence of type of biomass burned on the properties of cement mortar containing fly ash

The paper presents the issues related to the excessive use of natural resources and the possibility of its reduction through the use of ash deposited in landfills. Two different ashes from the combustion of various types of biomass (coconut shell and sunflower) were used and compared with each other. As part of the tests, the chemical composition of the ashes used was checked and samples of cement and standard mortars were made using the two types of fly ash. The research shows that the chemical composition is similar to the volatile chemical composition of conventional burning pavilions. It should be noted that the type and origin of the ash used for the results obtained is important. The use of ashes as a partial substitute for standard sand increased the compressive strength of all tested samples from 1 to over 17%. Ash additions reduced the compressive strength drop after frost resistance testing by 3 to 15%, and slightly increased the absorbency by 2 to 6% relative to control samples. An important advantage is that the use of ash as a substitute for standard sand allows you to reduce the consumption of natural resources

Theory and practice of polish graphic design and modern architecture in 1918-1952

Praca poddaje analizie historię projektowania graficznego oraz charakteryzuje jego podobieństwa i różnice względem architektury. Bada fenomen zjawiska modernizmu oraz Bauhausu i szuka pokrewieństwa pomiędzy Le Corbusierem, Walterem Gropiusem, Frankiem Lloydem Wrightem i polskim projektowaniem graficznym w latach 1918-1952, zarówno w teorii, jak i praktyce.This thesis analyzes history of graphic design and explores its similarities and differences with architecture. It analyzes the phenomenon of modernism and Bauhaus and struggles to show connection between Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius, Frank Lloyd Wright and polish graphic design in 1918-1952 in both theory and practice

Wpływ bio-popiołów na wybrane właściwości zapraw cementowych

W artykule przedstawiono możliwość wykorzystania popiołu lotnego ze spalania dwóch rodzajów biomasy w kotle fluidalnym do modyfikacji składu zapraw cementowych. Określono wpływ wykorzystania popiołów lotnych na ich właściwości mechaniczne i fizyczne (wytrzymałość na ściskanie, mrozoodporność, nasiąkliwość) zapraw. W badaniach część piasku normowego zastąpiona została popiołami lotnymi ze spalania drewna z dodatkiem łupin orzecha kokosowego oraz drewna z dodatkiem słonecznika w ilości 10, 20 i 30% masy cementu. Dodatek popiołu wpłynął, w zależności od składu, na zwiększenie wytrzymałości na ściskanie nawet o ponad 17%, zmniejszenie spadku wytrzymałości na ściskanie po badaniach mrozoodporności do wartości 0,5%, a także nieznaczne wzrosty ubytku masy i nasiąkliwości

Thermal emissivity of tent fabric and its influence on the thermal insulation of tent walls

The article presents research aimed at determining the thermal properties of tent fabric and, as the final result, the value of the heat transfer coefficient of the thermal protection of a pneumatic tent. It was assumed that the thermal insulation capacity of the tent cover, consisting of two fabric layers separated by an air gap, was determined for two seasons, summer and winter. The tested material had two sides that differed in color, which resulted in obtaining a different value of the thermal emissivity coefficient. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the tent fabric was also measured with the use of a lammeter. The obtained data from the measurements were then used to determine the resistance to heat transfer on the tent surfaces, the thermal resistance of the partition, and finally the value of the heat transfer coefficient