Austen ノ ショウセツ ト Shakespeare キゲキ ノ ヒカク ケンキュウ

Jane Austen's novels were written when the English novel was developing, so it is clear that Austen absorbed various elements of literature of her age and created the original style of her own. In Austen's novels there exists the conspicuous factors of plays in the Elizabethan Age. Indeed, Austen had enormous enthusiasm for plays of Shakespeare, who was one of her favorite dramatists. Shakespeare's comedies greatly contribute to Austen's cultivation of her comic spirit and selecting the main theme in her novels, or self-discovery. This essay is concerned with a critical comparison of Austen's novels and Shakespeare's comedies, especially comparing Emma with Twelfth Night, and Pride and Prejudice with Much Ado about Nothing. Both Austen and Shakespeare write their works about mistaking pretence for truth, which are described comically and vividly. By the way, there are two kinds of mistaking pretence for truth in Austen and Shakespeare. Many comic characters or fools in their works make these mistakes, but they do not go through the inner changes by these mistakes, so they cannot awake from their illusions in the essential meaning, while heroines, even if they mistake pretence for truth in the same way, can realize their inner changes through these errors. As a result, heroines can attain self-awareness or self-discovery from delusion, which is the most important theme of Austen and Shakespeare

Community resilience of women in rural areas of Lempira in the Republic of Honduras

Introduction: Building community resilience is an important part of disaster preparedness. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the status of community resilience and their relationship with social capital. Methods: Data were collected between August and November 2021 by surveying a group of over 18-year-old females in the Republic of Honduras where hit by two hurricanes and a pandemic in 2020. Cluster sampling was used in this study, and face-to-face interviews were done while visiting their houses. The Conjoint Community Resiliency Assessment Measure (CCRAM) was used to examine community resilience score, while the association between social capital, basic attributes, disaster preparedness, and whether the damages by the two hurricanes in 2020, etc. For statistical analysis, we applied multiple regression analysis. Results: Bonding social capital was a factor that lowered community resilience, and bridging social capital was a factor that raised community resilience. The community resilience for those with an elementary school education was higher than those without education but not different from those with more than an elementary school education. Conclusions: Bridging social capital and completing primary education increased community resilience

ExcLAMation marks in a pelvic lymph node

Key Clinical Message Extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) can present as incidental nodal LAM in gynecological surgery specimens, that warrants systemic investigation and follow‐up of concurrent and subsequent development of pulmonary and extrapulmonary LAM

Tyrosine kinase receptor TIE-1 mediates platinum resistance by promoting nucleotide excision repair in ovarian cancer.

Abstract Platinum resistance is one of the most challenging problems in ovarian cancer treatment. High-throughput functional siRNA screening identified tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1 (TIE-1) as a gene that confers cells resistant to cisplatin. Conversely enforced over-expression of TIE-1 was validated to decrease cisplatin sensitivity in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines and up-regulation of TIE-1 was correlated with poor prognosis and cisplatin resistance in patients with ovarian cancer. Mechanistically, TIE-1 up-regulates the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system mediated by xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC), thereby leading to decreased susceptibility to cisplatin-induced cell death without affecting cisplatin uptake and excretion. Importantly potentiation of therapeutic efficacy by TIE-1 inhibition was selective to DNA-adduct-type chemotherapeutic platinum reagents. Therefore, TIE-1 is suggested to promote XPC-dependent NER, rendering ovarian cancer cells resistant to platinum. Accompanied with novel findings, TIE-1 could represent as a novel therapeutic target for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer

Direct evidence of the preventive effect of milk replacer-based probiotic feeding in calves against severe diarrhea

Diarrhea is a major cause of death in calves and this is linked directly to economic loss in the cattle industry. Fermented milk replacer (FMR) has been used widely in clinical settings for calf feeding to improve its health and growth. However, the protective efficacy of FMR on calf diarrhea remains unclear. In this study, we verified the preventive effects of FMR feeding on calf diarrhea using an experimental infection model of bovine rotavirus (BRV) in newborn calves and a field study in dairy farms with calf diarrhea. In addition, we evaluated the protective efficacy of lactic acid bacteria-supplemented milk replacer (LAB-MR) in an experimental infection model. In the experimental infection, calves fed FMR or high-concentrated LAB-MR had diarrhea, but the water content of feces was lower and more stable than that of calves fed normal milk replacer. The amount of milk intake also decreased temporarily, but recovered immediately in the FMR- and LAB-MR-fed calves. As compared with the control calves, FMR- or LAB-MR-fed calves showed less severe or reduced histopathological lesions of enteritis in the intestinal mucosa. In a field study using dairy calves, FMR feeding significantly reduced the incidence of enteritis, mortality from enteritis, duration of a series of treatment for enteritis, number of consultations, and cost of medical care for the disease. These results suggest that feeding milk replacer-based probiotics to calves reduces the severity of diarrhea and tissue damage to the intestinal tract caused by BRV infection and provides significant clinical benefits to the prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea