Assessing the fate of slab-derived metallic melt in deep Earth through experimental investigation of its wetting behavior at high pressure

HonorsEarth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162637/1/junjiedo.pd

Towards Computational Assessment of Idea Novelty

In crowdsourcing ideation websites, companies can easily collect large amount of ideas. Screening through such volume of ideas is very costly and challenging, necessitating automatic approaches. It would be particularly useful to automatically evaluate idea novelty since companies commonly seek novel ideas. Three computational approaches were tested, based on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), respectively. These three approaches were used on three set of ideas and the computed idea novelty was compared with human expert evaluation. TF-IDF based measure correlated better with expert evaluation than the other two measures. However, our results show that these approaches do not match human judgement well enough to replace it

The Role of Positive Communication in Hospital Social Work Service

Objective: To study the role of positive communication in the social work service. Method: 82 families who were treated and hospitalized in the hospital were studied through dividing them randomly into an observation group and a control group, each with 41 families. Specifically, the control group was provided with routine social work services, while the observation group involved positive communication by volunteers, medical workers and psychological social workers during services. Then, the satisfactions of both groups were compared. Result: Families in the observation group has significantly higher satisfactions in social work services than families in the control group. The difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Using positive communication methods in hospital social work services contributes to effectively enhancing patients and their families’ satisfactions of the social work service as well as the hospital

Optimization of cyclosporin A production by Beauveria nivea in continuous fed-batch fermentation

To develop the effective control method for fed-batch culture of cyclosporin A production, we chose fructose, L-valine and (NH4)2HPO4 as feeding nutrients and compared their productivities in relation to different concentrations. The feeding rate of three kinds of feeding materials was controlled to maintain the suitable residual concentration. The fed-batch fermentation results indicated that the optimal concentrations of fructose, L-valine and (NH4)2HPO4 were about 20 g/L, 0.5 g/L and 0.6 g/L for cyclosporin A production, respectively. The cultivation of Beauveria nivea could produce cyclosporin A up to 6.2 g/L for 240 hrs through a continuous feeding-rate-controlled-batch process under the optimal feeding conditions

The simulation model of sucker rod string transverse vibration under the space buckling deformation excitation and rod-tubing eccentric wear in vertical wells

Considering the limitations of the static buckling theory on the eccentric wear of sucker rod and tubing, a new dynamic analysis method for the transverse vibration of sucker rod in the tubing is proposed. Taking the axial distribution load at the rod body and the dynamic load at the bottom into account, the dynamic model of transverse vibration is established based on the space buckling configuration of rod string which regarded as the deformation excitation during the down stroke. To solve the mathematical equations, the finite difference method is used to discretize the well depth, and the Newmark-beta method is used to discretize the time. Meanwhile, a restitution coefficient is introduced to depict the change of velocity and the momentum after the collision. The result shows the phenomenon of rod-tubing collision occurs mainly in the down stroke after the rod string post buckling; the collision force from the wellhead to the bottom increases gradually, of which distributed almost along the entire well depth; and the high frequency collision occurs below the neutral point where the collision force is also the biggest. Further, the collision frequency and the collision force decrease successively from the neutral point to the wellhead direction. But during the up stroke, few collisions occur, and the collision force is also very small. The simulation model is suitable for the eccentric wear analysis of rod-tubing, and provides a new theoretical basis for the optimal allocation of the centralizer

Miamia maimai n. sp., a new Pennsylvanian stem-orthopteran insect, and a case study on the application of cladotypic nomenclature

A new stem-orthopteran insect assignable to the – traditional – genus and the – cladotypic-defined – taxon Miamia Dana, 1864 is described based on abundant material collected from the Xiaheyan locality (Ningxia, China; Early Pennsylvanian). Intra-specific wing venation variability in Miamia maimai n. sp. is appreciated based on wing pairs of single individuals, and on a complete series of conditions. Rare variants are reported. Details of head and leg morphology are documented: the new species possesses a five-segmented tarsus provided with paired claws and arolium, and labial palps with at least four segments, probably five. The nomenclatural section is conducted under the cladotypic nomenclatural procedure, but in a way largely consistent with the traditional usage. This experiment demonstrates that a combination composed of a "genus level-taxon" name previously associated with a definition and type material (e.g. Miamia), a specific epithet (e.g. maimai), and authorship information (e.g. Béthoux et al. 2012), with further mention to "Miamia maimai" or "M. maimai", provides a suitable reference to the species under all nomenclatural procedures, including the traditional one.doi:10.1002/mmng.20120000